「婚姻」自古以來即為我國重要的傳統禮俗與人生大事，然而近年來隨著社會型態的轉變，生活型態與價值觀念丕變，晚婚或不婚成為人生規劃的另一種抉擇。由於晚婚、甚至不婚的人口急遽增加，在人口結構上已造成少子化、高齡化之現象，對於政治、經濟、社會以及勞動力等各個層面，亦隨之衍生出不同程度的問題，與國家未來的發展更是息息相關，因此該議題值得探究。本研究旨在探討晚婚女性目前的狀態，對於擇偶偏好及婚姻態度的認知、觀點，企圖瞭解形成晚婚的深層因素，並提出建議以供相關人員參考。
本研究採質性研究之深度訪談法。研究對象總數共計10人，均為30歲（含）以上且未曾有過法律婚約關係，且居住於台北市、新北市及桃園縣之女性。經分析訪談資料後，所得研究發現綜述如下：
一、普遍認為晚婚是現代社會的趨勢，女性在面臨求學進修、工
作發展與婚姻之生涯抉擇時，選擇把婚姻排在後面的順位。
二、生活與交友範圍狹隘，以及已逾適婚年齡則為目前主要面臨
的擇偶困境。
三、選擇婚配對象的首要條件為個人條件，其中涵括外貌、身體
特徵、人格特質等條件；其次依序為能力條件及情感取向。
四、在婚姻認知方面，傾向認為婚姻是人生必經的階段；就婚姻
感受方面，同時呈現正向與負向兩種截然不同的態度；在婚
姻意向方面，傾向於嚮往進入婚姻。另，父母為離婚狀態的
晚婚女性，其婚姻態度各面向均呈現負向的看法。
本研究根據研究發現，提出以下建議：
一、建議晚婚女性應積極參與活動，培養個人興趣，充實自我，
使生活有所變化，並拓展人際關係，增加認識異性的機會。
二、及早釐清自我的想法，積極規劃人生的道路，擇偶條件應以
務實的角度，適度調整自我的標準。
三、應建立正確的性別角色觀念，跳脫傳統加諸於女性的要求，
正視現代女性所扮演的多重角色。
四、建議社會應傳達正確的婚姻教育，重新確立婚姻的意義與功
能，以正向思考面對婚姻中值得學習之處。 / Marriage has since ever been an important traditional custom and a major life event in Chinese culture. However, with social transformation in recent years, life style and sense of value have been dramatically altered. Late marriage or non marriage becomes another option for life planning, causing rapid growth in late-married or non-married population as well as low birth rate and aging society in demographics. It also derives political, economic, social and manpower problems to different extents, which is closely related with national development. Therefore, the issue is worth researching and this study is to discuss current status of late-married females and to learn underlying factors in late marriage from their preference in spouse selection and cognition or perspective on marriage attitude. Suggestions are also proposed for reference of related personnel.
In-depth interview of qualitative research is adopted in this study. Research subjects are 10 in total. All of them are females above 30 years old, have never been married by law definition and live in Taipei City, New Taipei City or Taoyuan County. After interview data are analyzed, findings discovered are summarized as follows:
1.It is commonly regarded that late marriage is the trend of modern society. Facing the choice between advanced studies, career development and marriage life, females place marriage to the last.
2.Life and friends are limited. Passing ideal marriage age is currently the major predicament in spouse selection.
3.The priority of spouse selection is personal criteria, including appearance, physical features and characteristics, followed by capabilities and emotional orientation.
4.In marriage cognition, marriage is considered a necessary path in life. In marriage experience, there are two sheerly different attitudes – positive and negative views both appear. In inclination to marriage, it is prone to stepping into marriage. On the other hand, late-married females whose parents are divorced have negative perspectives on every attitude towards marriage .
Suggestions based on findings discovered are proposed in the following:
1.It is advised that late-married females should avidly participate in activities, develop interests and fulfil selves to make changes in life as well as expand personal relationship to increase chance of meeting male counterparts.
2.Clarify self ideas at an earlier date and constructively plan life paths. Criteria for spouse selection should be based on a practical perspective and personal standard should be appropriately adjusted.
3.Concept of gender role should be correctly established. Multiple roles played by modern females should be respected with traditional requirement imposed on women lifted.
4.It is advised that the society should convey proper marriage education and reassure the value and function of marriage to have a positive view on what is worth learning in marriage.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:CHENGCHI/G0097921019 |
| Creators | 李慧玲 |
| Publisher | 國立政治大學 |
| Source Sets | National Chengchi University Libraries |
| Language | 中文 |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Rights | Copyright © nccu library on behalf of the copyright holders |
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