台灣地區因受海島型地理環境影響，鹽塵（霧）害普遍存在，長期危害電力設備，並造成電力系統不穩定導致事故停電。九十年三月十八日核三電力出口因急速鹽霧出現不穩定，引發一連串廠內控制機制失序現象，導致台電核三廠318 3A事故，觸動本論文之研究動機。
電力設備遭受鹽塵（霧）危害對發電部分因台灣地區電力系統結構，電力調度視負載情況而定，利用備用電源調度，對整個系統的影響不大故予以排除。就輸配電部分，依據85~89年各該系統事故停電原因分析統計資料庫所擷取數據，選取配電系統一台電雲林區處作為個案分析，但因國內外相關論述及研究並不多見，乃從實務面切入，訪談專家及具有現場實際工作經驗者，並經參酌日本、韓國電業及我國台塑公司麥寮發電廠之鹽塵害防治的作法與經驗，並作相關文獻回顧，提供防治可行對策供電業經營者參考。
在研究過程中，發現沿海地區如雲林縣等地配電系統鹽塵（霧）害極為嚴重，維護工作所投入人力、物力頗為可觀。而台電內部作業規章準則僅就原則或活線注掃礙子規定，但因現場自主性高及鹽塵害事故停電比例偏高，以目前現有人力在排除停電事故已不勝負荷，故目前做法多為治標性工作。反觀日本、韓國及麥寮發電廠，自規劃、設計開始即要求標準化、制度化，使用於鹽塵害地區器材設備有統一標準規範，平時做「等效鹽著量密度」ESDD定義值之測定，長期監控鹽塵（霧）害測定資料之嚴重程度及發生週期之判讀，並作成對策，足供參考。
此次鹽塵（霧）害肇致核三廠318 3A事故，除造成電業營運鉅額損失外，核電經營管理能力及核電風險再受質疑，核電廠竟會因鹽霧害而險釀巨災，政府單住及電業主管機關指責與批評，國營事業組織與人性之核對又再次出現，有形、無形損失不可謂不大。基於用電高品質要求之聲浪、高科技產業對系統供電穩定度之期待，長效性鹽塵害維護應有長期性的計畫，並予以落實，在觀念上改變傳統作法，以高科技導入礙子新產品及預防性損害防阻風險理念，雖然核三廠鹽塵（霧）害318 3A事故代價很高，但在經驗上相信它是值得的。 / The salt contamination caused a series of problems on the control systems of the 3<sup>rd</sup> nuclear power plant in the 318 3A Accident. In a more general case, the salt contamination would result in the instability of power system and might cause the power system to shut down. Although salt contamination problem prevails in Taiwan due to geographic condition, statistical data and relevant research salt contamination severity does not exist. This research will systematically analyze the impact of salt contamination and then suggest corresponding solutions.
This study focus on the salt contamination on the transmission and distribution system rather than the power generating system, since the utility distribution can utilize the back up system when overloaded. To provide concrete descriptions and solutions for salt contamination problem, we choose the distribution system ofYun-Lin district office as our case study subject.
We first collect the practical operation and experience of other utility companies (e.g. Formosa, Japan utility company, and Korea utility company) as our general references. To seek for practical suggestions of the problem, we then interview with field experts.
We find that the distribution systems along the sea shore incur serious salt contamination problem and Yun-Lin County is the most serious area in which much manpower and money have been invested in related maintenance. The internal rule ofTaipower Company (TPC) however prescribe the general cleaning frequency and method only. Such common rule is not suitable for every kind of environments. The accident rate caused by the salt contamination hence is quite high. On the other hand, the Mai-Liew power plant and other utility companies in Japan and Korea use the anti-contamination equipments and tools as well as standardizing monitoring mechanism to deal with the salt contamination problem. They regularly measure the "Equivalent Salt Deposit Density" values to monitor the severity of salt contamination. The periodical data is then analyzed for necessary prompt actions.
The 318 3A Accident of the 3----- nuclear power plant had evoked the attention of the society. All parties recognize the fact that the instability of utility system could result in serious accident. The society demands the good power supply quality that is stable and adequate. TPC should adopt the loss and prevention management by using high tech products and other risk controlling method to avoid the occurrence of similar accidents of the 3<sup>rd</sup> nuclear event in the future.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:CHENGCHI/B2002000079 |
| Creators | 白銀隆 |
| Publisher | 國立政治大學 |
| Source Sets | National Chengchi University Libraries |
| Language | 中文 |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Rights | Copyright © nccu library on behalf of the copyright holders |
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