當受虐婦女欲尋求協助時，初始多以非正式支持網絡為主要求助管道，其中，家庭支持為最具情感性與義務性之協助。援此，本研究先瞭解臺灣受虐婦女家庭支持的經驗，從而分析影響受虐婦女家庭支持的原因，並以質性研究深入訪談七位受虐婦女，運用復元觀點於此問題向度，研究結果發現如下：
一、依受虐婦女獲得的家庭支持功能類型，整理發現情緒性支持為三種功能類型中最重要的一種；資訊性支持中家人最常以「提供想法與建議」做為支持的方式，顯見婦女需要與信任的支持者討論行動策略；工具性支持則為三種功能型態中，最實質可視的協助。
二、影響家庭支持型態因素，前人研究多以負向特質描述受虐婦女，本研究從微視層面觀點發現除了兩樣被動面特質外，受虐婦女有相當多正向主動面特質；此外，受虐婦女其主要支持者的個人特質，主要為「船錨」的角色，提供婦女一種歸屬感，帶給婦女穩定與安定的力量。中介層面觀點探究家庭系統、家庭互動關係與家庭權力關係，研究發現「長輩」或「手足」為受虐婦女的主要支持者，且手足排行序會影響誰成為婦女的主要家庭支持者。此外，家中掌權者多為主要支持者，其同時會影響其他家庭成員提供支持多寡，及影響受虐婦女因應暴力的態度；在家庭權力關係中：1)「婦女為家庭位階最低者，而支持者為家庭位階最高者」，其之間的權力關係差距最大；2)「同一位階或位階接近者」，因彼此間緊密的親情情感，成為時常頻繁聯繫的家庭成員，因此亦能成為婦女的主要支持者；同時受虐婦女均自覺於原生家庭中的權力位階為最低或者相對較低。鉅視層面探討扭曲與偏頗的價值觀念會負面影響受虐婦女其家人提供支持的意願，且結果發現這些負面影響主要為婆婆的回應方式與想法；正面影響除了有正面加強作用外，亦可能扭轉婦女自身負面的傳統觀念，協助受虐婦女走出暴力情境。
三、本研究依據受虐婦女於復元統合模式之復元指標達成的數量，將受訪者劃分為完全復元型、半復元型與初學型，並發現家庭支持對受虐婦女正面影響的主要效應，為促使受虐婦女前往復元道路邁進的動力因子；同時具有舒緩受虐婦女生活壓力之負面排除的緩衝效應。
本研究深入探討臺灣受虐婦女家庭支持之功能、影響家庭支持的因素，及家庭支持促進復元的作用機制。結果顯示家庭支持的作用對於受虐婦女而言，是能夠促使其復元的重要力量之一，研究成果能夠對目前協助受虐婦女復元的工作提供參考依據，以作為臺灣受虐婦女復元之本土經驗參考。 / When abused women seek help, the main way is informal support network at first, in the meanwhile, the family support is the most emotional and responsible support. Therefore, this study discussed the experience of abused women obtained the family support in Taiwan and analyzed the causes of the influence on the family support for abused women. This study adopted Nature research to in-depth interview seven abused women and then used Recovery to analyze the problems. The research results were shown as follow.
1. According to the result in this study, the emotional support is the most important among three types of the function of the family support. In the information support, the family often adopt “providing ideas and suggestions” as supports for abused women. This indicates that abused women need to discuss the action strategies with reliance supporters. The instrumental support is the most substantial and visible support among all types of the function.
2. When discussing the causes of influence of the family support states, many researchers described the situation of abused women based on negative traits. In this study, the results on the micro-level showed that abused women had not only two passive traits but also many positive traits. Besides, the main supporter of abused women played a role as “anchor”, and he/she provided the sense of belonging to abused women for the stable and peace power. On the meso-level, this study discussed the family system, family interaction and familial power relations. The results indicated that “elder” or “sibling” would be the main supporter, and “birth order” would affect the person becoming abused women’s main supporter. In addition, the power holders in a family were mostly the main supporters; moreover, they would have an influence on the support from other family members and the attitude of abused women to cope with the violence. For familial power relations: 1) “Abused women were the lowest family hierarchy; the supporters were the highest family hierarchy”. The difference of the power relation between these two hierarchies was largest. 2) “Abused women and the supporters were the same or close family hierarchy”. Because of the close kinship between them and the frequently contacting to each other, the supporters would also be the main supporters. Furthermore, abused women became conscious that their family hierarchies were the lowest or the lower hierarchy in the original family. On the macro-level, this study discussed that the distorted and biased values would be the negative influence on that if the family were willing to provide support. The results indicated that the negative influences were mostly obtained from the mother-in-law’s responses and thoughts. The positive influence would be positive reinforcement effect and could reverse the negative and traditional concepts of the abused women, and it would help abused women to leave violence situations.
3. According to the recovery target of the Unity Model of Recovery which abused women achieved, the respondents were divided into full-recovery, semi-recovery and novitiate recovery. The results indicated that the main effect of the positive influence from the family support to abused women was the power factor to promote abused women toward the recovery. The positive influence could also mitigate abused women’s life stress and be the buffer effect to obviate the negatives.
This study deeply discussed the function of the family support for abused women, the causes of the influence on the family support and the mechanism for the family support promoting abused women to the recovery. The results showed that the family support was the important power for abused women to recovery. The contributions of this study are to provide the conference for the recovery work of abused women and the local experiences of the recovery of abused women in Taiwan.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:CHENGCHI/G0098264014 |
| Creators | 邱筠雅, Chiu, Yun Ya |
| Publisher | 國立政治大學 |
| Source Sets | National Chengchi University Libraries |
| Language | 中文 |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Rights | Copyright © nccu library on behalf of the copyright holders |
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