國際勞工組織研究其成員國從1984年至2004年之工時變化，顯示全球化進程，更彈性的形式的工作時間安排，如壓縮工作週，每天輪班可變長度，按年工作時間，彈性工作時間和待命工作，己是國際趨勢。在全球化工時彈性化下，我國勞工縮短工時、變形工時、正常工時放寬及工時法規與產業工時為何，為本文研究主題。另將我國工時政策與德國工時之比較，以供我國工時政策未來發展之參考。
本文探取深度訪談法針對個別產業與個別工時執行進行理解、瞭悟（Verstehen），同時照顧到歷史和結構的研究途徑，探究工時法規與產業工時因應之道，針對高科技產業，傳統製造產業、服務業各行業，合計4家進行工時質化訪談；另對於我國工時政策發展，針對公部門及工會領袖，進行質化訪談。惟質性研究較量化研究，較為主觀，故輔以OECD相關國際組織、德國工時法及國內勞委會及主計處相關單位統計資料以為參照。
有關我國工時趨勢，綜合各行業個案工時管理經驗及政府與工會等勞資政三方訪談意見，歸納台灣工時政策混亂根源，主要係90年縮短工時政策後，政府未提供完整的配套措施，導致台灣在進行產業升級及服務業成長的過程中，事業單位難以因應。加上我國國家統合主義的政策決策性格，導致91年變形工時政策，未能因行業而配合。因此，綜上建議我國未來工時政策規劃應參照，全球化勞工工時發展趨向彈性化，台灣因應產業升級與變遷趨勢，依循兩條政策主軸發展，並互為競合之關係，其一為保障勞工健康權，工作時間應有其原則性規範，其二為因應全球產業彈性化，勞工工時政策亦必須有彈性化的設計。
本文研究建議政府工時政策，建應朝每週40小時政策設計，以導正「縮短工時，造成勞動基準法第四章，工作時間、休息、休假專章，法規邏輯之間的予盾，連帶導致工資工作時間計算之複雜性」，進一步推動改善台灣社會階層之間的予盾。為因應產業彈性化，工時政策的彈性化規範，應以時、週、月、季、半年及一年等期間，作為工時彈性的空間。現勞動三法業已執行，中央勞政主管機關應建立勞資協調參考指引，並輔導勞工團體與雇主團體以雙贏的協商策略，規劃適合事業單位本身的工作、休息及假期時間。 / ILO research for its member states from 1984 to 2004 about their working hours of Change, shows the process of globalization, more flexible forms of working time arrangements, such as compressed work week, day shift variable length, according to annual working hours, flexible working hours and standby work, has been an international trend. Flexible working hours in the globalization, our country's shorten working hours, deformation hours, normal working hours to relax regulations and industry working hours and working hours are my research topic. The others our man-hours of work will be compared with the German policy, the policy for the future development of our country's working-hours will be the reference.
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In the depth interviews with individual working hours for individual industries to understand the implementation, awareness (Verstehen), taking into account the history and structure of the research approach, working hours for working hours regulations and industry response to the road, for high technology industry, traditional manufacturing industries, service industries, total 4 cases of qualitative interviews ; the others policies for the development of our country's working hours for the public sector and labor union leaders is the other two cases of the qualitative interviews. However, the content of qualitative research studies, more subjective, it is supplemented by relevant international organizations, OECD, working hours law and domestic German and Accounting CLA statistics that refer to the relevant units.
About the trend of our working hours, comprehensive case management experience in various industries and government and labor unions and other political views of three interviews, inductive source of confusion in the Taiwan policy of working hours that is the shorter working hours, mainly 90-year policy.The government did not provide a complete package of measures, leading to upgrading Taiwan's industrial and service sectors during the growth process, the institution is difficult to follow. With the state corporatism, leading to deformation of 91 working hours policy that the industry can not execute. Therefore, 's future work on the proposal should refer to policy planning, development trend of globalization, flexible working hours, in response to Taiwan's industrial upgrading and changing trends, follow the two spindle development policy and the relationship between competing each other, one for the protection of worker's the right to health, it's principles should regulate working hours, and the second flexible response to the global industry, working hours, the policy must also have flexible design.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:CHENGCHI/G0097921070 |
| Creators | 葉璐嘉 |
| Publisher | 國立政治大學 |
| Source Sets | National Chengchi University Libraries |
| Language | 中文 |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Rights | Copyright © nccu library on behalf of the copyright holders |
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