本研究透過逆向物流文獻的整理及個案訪談分析針對企業逆向物流運作在企業國際化發展過程中不同時期的發展進行探討，了解逆向物流在個案公司國際化發展歷程不同的階段當中，不同逆向物流維修模式如何演進的過程，企業如何採行不同的組織方式來進行不同的服務模式。根據訪談結果顯示，企業發展逆向物流的階段主要可以依據國際化發展程度區分為四個時期：草創期、成長期、穩定期、精進期，國際化發展程度隨其市場廣度增加而提升。逆向物流維修模式也隨著在工廠內維修到客戶端維修及區域據點設立、到國家層級服務中心設定、以至於全球服務據點運籌布局。從個案公司發展逆向物流的歷程可以歸納出以下幾點發現：
1.資源投入的數量在不同時期皆為影響逆向物流維修模式的重要因素。
2.不同時期發展逆向物流的動機與目標有所不同，皆會影響逆向物流維修模式。
3.隨著企業的國際化發展程度提高，從事逆向物流所需的能力，影響服務模式的重要性逐漸提高，除了基本的維修能力之外，更強調全球運籌及跨國管理的能力。
4.當企業發展到國際化程度非常高時，運用區位優勢來設計維修服務模式將顯得非常重要。
5.逆向物流維修模式的發展随著國際化程度提高，在組織內部有化被動為主動的趨勢，其功能的獨立性也逐漸提升。
綜合以上，企業可以評估自身條件包括規模大小、資源多寡、能力優劣程度、市場的國際化程度以及所面臨的競爭環境，來選擇適當的逆向物流維修模式。在不同階段選擇合適的服務模式將有助於業務的成長甚至建立企業的競爭優勢。 / This research discusses how a firm developed its reverse logistics repair services model in different stage of internationalization. Through in-depth interview, we can understand the evolution of a firm’s reverse logistics repair service model and how they adopt different organization structure to deal with different service model. According to the result of the interview, the process of a firm’s reverse logistics development can be divided into four stages including early stage, growth stage, stable stage, and progress stage according to its degree of internationalization which is measured by the firm’s market scope. Corresponding with different stages, there are four types of reverse logistics repair services models. With the first one, the firm retained most operation in its own factories. With the second one, the firm designated engineers to customers’ location and established regional repair service centers. With the third one, the firm built up country level service centers, and finally, the firm is utilizing global logistics to allocate resources and coordinate activities in different repair service center. From the firm’s development model, there are several findings:
1.The amount of resources commitment is always a critical factor for reverse logistics repair service model
2.Different motives and objectives of developing reverse logistics in different period influence reverse logistics repair service model
3.As a firm’s degree of internationalization is getting higher, the ability to engage in reverse logistics plays a more important role in repair service model. In addition to basic capability of repair service, a company should put more emphasis on global logistics and transnational management
4.When a firm’s degree of internationalization is very high, it’s very important to utilize location- specific advantage to design its repair service model
5.As a firm’s degree of internationalization is getting higher, reverse logistics function evolves from passive to active and becomes more independent
Overall, a firm can evaluate itself in terms of scale, resource, ability, degree of internationalization, competitive environment in order to choose appropriate reverse logistics repair service model. Adopting proper service model at different stage is beneficial for sales growth and even establishment of a firm’s competitive advantage.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:CHENGCHI/G0095355001 |
| Creators | 陳忠勇 |
| Publisher | 國立政治大學 |
| Source Sets | National Chengchi University Libraries |
| Language | 中文 |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Rights | Copyright © nccu library on behalf of the copyright holders |
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