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Previous issue date: 2009-07-24 / Durante o processo de produ??o de petr?leo ? comum o aparecimento de g?s e ?gua
associados. A produ??o pode ser comprometida pela precipita??o de sais inorg?
nicos tanto no
reservat?rio como no po?o produtor, atrav?s da forma??o de incrusta??o
,
e ? apontada como
prov?vel causa ao dano da forma??o. Nas condi??es de alta temperatura e alta press?o
(HTHP), a precipita??o de sais insol?veis pode ser favorecida. Os
tipos de incrusta??es mais
comuns em campos de petr?leo s?o o carbonato de c?lcio e os sulfatos de c?lcio, estr?ncio e
b?rio. Atualmente, novos tipos de incrusta??o v?m despertando aten?
?o
especia
l
como o
sulfeto de
zinco
e
de
chumbo
. Esta
s
precipita?
?es
p
ode
m
ocorrer nos poros da
rocha
-
reservat?rio, na coluna de produ??o e nos equipamentos
,
provocando obstru??es e a
conse
qu
ente perda da produ??o
. Neste trabalho, estudou
-
se a
influ
?
ncia
da profundidade,
press?o e temperatura na composi??o das incrusta??es f
ormadas, visando a otimiza??o de
tratamentos de remo??o e seu comportamento ao longo da coluna. Foram selecionados 10
res?duos de uma coluna de produ??o (intervalo de 15,4
m
a 4061,5
m), que apresentava
problemas de corros?o/incrusta??o.
Realiza
ram
-
se
ensa
io
s
de dissolu??o em
?cidos org?nicos
similares aos empregados
em opera??es de remo??o desse tipo de incrusta??o. A composi??o
majorit?ria foi definida e confirmada p
elos testes de dissolu??o e por
t?cnicas de
Difratometria de Raios
-
X
(
DRX
)
,
Espectrometria
de Fluoresc?ncia de Raios
-
X (
EFRX
),
Microscopia Eletr?nica de Varredura (MEV)
. Foram observados res?duos com caracter?sticas
distintas, em propor??es diferentes, mostrando uma tend?ncia de aumento e/ou diminui??o de
massa com a profundidade.
Os resultados
obtidos indicam
correla??es dos tipos de
incrusta??es estudados com a profundidade e, consequentemente, com as condi??es
termodin?micas de press?o e temperatura. / Water and gas is a common
by
-
product
of the oil production process. Production may be
compromised by the precipitation of inorganic salts in both the reservoir and producing well,
through scale formation. This precipitation is likely the cause of the formation damage. High
temperatures and h
igh pressures (HTHP) may favor the precipitation of insoluble salts. The
most common types of scale in oil fields are calcium carbonate and calcium sulphate,
strontium and barium sulphate. New types of
scale formation
have attracted special attention
such
as zinc sulphide and lead. This precipitation may occur in the pores of reservoir rocks, in
the production string and in equipment, causing obstructions and consequent production
losses. In this study, the influence of well depth on incrustation compositio
n was investigated
to design removal treatments and assess the behavior of these deposits along the string,
through the analysis of pressure and temperature. Scale residues were recovered from the
inside of the production string of an oil and gas well duri
ng the string removal operation. A
total of 10 samples from different depths (15.4
m to 4061.5
m) were obtained.
Initially a
dissolution test was conducted in weak acid, similar to that used in removal operations with
this type of scale formation. Majority
composition was defined and confirmed by dissolution
tests using X
-
Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (XRF), X
-
Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning
Electron Microscope (SEM) techniques. Residues with distinct characteristics were observed
in different proportion
s, showing a tendency toward increased and/or decreased mass with
depth. In the samples closest to the surface, typical sandstone residues were found, with
calcium (45% Ca) as the metal of highest concentration.
The obtained results indicate
correlations o
f the
scale
types studied with the
depth
and, consequently, with the
thermodynamic conditions of pressure and temperature.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/19380 |
| Date | 24 July 2009 |
| Creators | Frota, Tarcila Maria Pinheiro |
| Contributors | 13893734449, http://lattes.cnpq.br/2791074318745945, Mata, Wilson da, 09453210404, http://lattes.cnpq.br/0288842238100161, Dantas, Tereza Neuma de Castro, 07286937391, http://lattes.cnpq.br/0676872399141537, Santanna, Vanessa Cristina, 77938780430, http://lattes.cnpq.br/9445575768909084, Silva, Djalma Ribeiro da |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM CI?NCIA E ENGENHARIA DE PETR?LEO, UFRN, Brasil |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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