Les sépultures sous tumulus, dont l’origine remonte à l’aube de la Protohistoire dans toute l’Europe, connaissent une nouvelle mode dans les provinces septentrionales de l’Empire, aux trois premiers siècles de notre ère. Un aperçu de ces monuments aux époques protohistoriques et un état de la question concernant le paysage funéraire dans les premières décennies qui ont suivi la conquête sont essentiels pour comprendre la filiation de ce type de signalisation traditionnelle, en terre, à une époque où l’architecture en pierre connaît un essor sans précédent.<p>Les tumulus de la cité des Tongres s’inscrivent dans des faciès sociaux et régionaux correspondant à des situations économiques et politiques qui ont évolué de manière très différente. Leur densité en Hesbaye contraste avec une présence beaucoup plus disséminée en Condroz et dans le nord de l’Ardenne. <p>Le groupe hesbignon occupe la région fertile du centre de la cité, où se situe le caput civitatis. Les grands tumulus y apparaissent à la fin de l’époque flavienne. Leurs caveaux en bois et leurs opulents mobiliers à service du banquet sont d’emblée très uniformisés, révélant des funérailles ostentatoires qui se sont déroulées selon des conventions et des codes communs, puisés dans les symboles de l’idéal aristocratique celtique. Les structures rituelles et le matériel liturgique, préservés sous plusieurs tertres, renvoient à certaines pratiques religieuses propres au monde celto-germanique, en même temps qu’à des actes sacrificiels empruntés au culte romain.<p>Dans les régions situées au sud du sillon sambro-mosan, les tertres sont de taille souvent plus modeste. Ils ont généralement abrité des dépositions simples, tandis qu’une autre catégorie de tombes, à monument en pierre, recèle des mobiliers en coffre comparables aux dépôts hesbignons. <p>L’étude des tumulus tongres a permis d’appréhender, par de multiples aspects, l’autoreprésentation de la classe dirigeante de la cité, son niveau d’acculturation et ses conservatismes, l’idéologie que ces notables ont instaurée au sein de la nouvelle structure politique, contribuant à affirmer des valeurs sociales construites dans la mixité des traditions, des nouveaux devoirs civiques et des influences culturelles méditerranéennes. L’étude du matériel a mis en évidence les panoplies funéraires, leur signification et leurs particularismes régionaux. Elle a, par ailleurs, apporté de nombreuses informations dans des domaines aussi variés que ceux des réseaux commerciaux, de la composition des services et de l’évolution du vaisselier gallo-romain.<p> / Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:ulb.ac.be/oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210143 |
| Date | 30 April 2010 |
| Creators | Massart, Claire M.-A.G. |
| Contributors | Warmenbol, Eugène, Van Raemdonck, Dan, Evers, Cécile, Dierkens, Alain, Raepsaet, Georges, Brulet, Raymond |
| Publisher | Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Université libre de Bruxelles, Faculté de Philosophie et Lettres – Histoire, Arts et Archéologie, Bruxelles |
| Source Sets | Université libre de Bruxelles |
| Language | French |
| Detected Language | French |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis, info:ulb-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis, info:ulb-repo/semantics/openurl/vlink-dissertation |
| Format | 3 v., 179 full-text file(s): text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain | text/plain |
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