隨著時代的發展，電子產品已成為人類生活不可或缺的科技產物，而技術不斷更新的結果導致電子產品的汰舊換新速度加快，產生大量的電子廢棄物（E-waste）。而因為電子廢棄物仍具有高經濟利益，國際間之貿易行為增加，又，因電子廢棄物之再利用、回收及拆解等過程均會對環境造成很大的危害，其高汙染性也引起國際重視。
因電子廢棄物貿易之高經濟性及高汙染性，應適用國際法規以完整規範，目前國際間管制電子廢棄物之法規有二：一為針對環境層面之巴塞爾公約（Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal），另一為針對貿易自由化之WTO（World Trade Organization）貨品貿易原則。
研究探討後發現，兩國際公約仍然有其無法完整規範之處，而最主要的原因即為電子廢棄物於國際間無統一的分類及定義，分類不明的結果導致法規無法完整適用，電子廢棄物貿易行為無法受到管制。
因此，本論文最後將就電子廢棄物給予分類建議，並且探討若電子廢棄物有適當且明確之分類後，法規之適用性大大提升，始可解決環境面與經濟面的難解問題。 / In recent years, electronic products have become more important and indispensable in the human life. With the development of technology, old and used electronic products fall into disuse, so lots of Electronic-Waste (e-waste) has been generated. Because of great economic benefits, the international e-waste trade has turned into a significant issue. In addition, the procedure of re-using, recycling and dismantling e-waste may cause serious damages to the environment. Therefore, the high pollution resulted by E-waste has caught the attention around the world.
Due to the enormous benefits and pollution of e-waste trade, the international law should be applied to stipulate the trade behavior. Currently, there are two international laws controlling e-waste: one is the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Waste and Their Disposal that with regard to environment aspect and another is the World Trade Organization (WTO) goods rules which concerning the trade liberalization. In this research, we find that there are still some shortages about these two laws that lead to the insufficiency of the scope of the laws and difficulty of stipulating the e-waste trade. The main reason is that there is no unified and specific classification and definition of the e-waste. The e-waste will be defined and categorized in this research paper, and then the applicability of the two laws will be significantly improved in order to solve the economic and environmental issues.
Therefore, according to the laws of several countries, we further give a suggestion about the classification and definition of e-waste. After we have the specific classification of e-waste, the applicable laws become useful and accurate so that we can solve the existing problem between environment and economics.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:CHENGCHI/G0973510391 |
| Creators | 陳姿妤, Chen, Tzu Yu |
| Publisher | 國立政治大學 |
| Source Sets | National Chengchi University Libraries |
| Language | 中文 |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Rights | Copyright © nccu library on behalf of the copyright holders |
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