Análise filogenética do gênero Formicivora Swainson, 1825 (Aves : Passeriformes : Thamnophilidae) baseada em caracteres morfológicos e vocais / Phylogenetic analysis of the genus Fomlicivora Swainson, 1825 (Aves: Passeriformes: Thamnophilidae) based on morphological and vocal characters.

Description

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Previous issue date: 2001-07-06 / CAPES / FUJB / FBPN / Este estudo teve como objetivos testar o monofiletismo do gênero Formicivora, definir os seus limites e formular uma hipótese de relacionamento filogenético entre as espécies que o compõem. Essas questões foram abordadas através de uma análise cladística de caracteres de morfologia externa, morfologia da siringe, vocalizações e história natural. As hipóteses de homologia primária formuladas para 26 táxons terminais (incluindo 25 espécies de Thamnophilidae e uma de Formicariidae) foram codificadas em uma matriz com 56 caracteres, que foi submetida a 10 análises de parcimônia, com diferentes combinações de pesagem, ordenação e inclusão ou exclusão de caracteres. Foram feitas 100 replicações de cada uma das análises, com seqüência de adição ao acaso de táxons, usando o algoritmo heurístico "tree-bisectionand-reconnection branch-swapping" no programa PAUP. Nenhum dos cladogramas obtidos fornece evidência em apoio à hipótese de monofiletismo do gênero Formicivora, tal como tem sido aceito pelos autores modernos. Contudo, um clado com sete espécies, presente em todas as análises, indica a necessidade de uma redefinição do gênero para que corresponda a um grupo monofilético, excluindo-se F. iheringi e incluindo-se Stymphalomis acutirostris, que forma 1im clado junto com F. rufa e F grisea. Este dado é o grupo irmão de outro clado, formado por F. melanogaster, F serrana e F. littoralis. Formicívora erythronotos é a espécie mais basal do gênero. O grupo-irmão de Formicivora não pôde ser inequivocamente postulado. Sugere-se que, até que a posição filogenética de F. iheringi dentro de Thamnophilidae seja esclarecida, essa espécie seja colocada em um gênero monotípico incertae sedis, restaurando-se o nome Neorhopias Hellmayr, 1920 para ele. O monofiletismo do gênero Myrmotherula, que tem sido questionado por outros autores com base em análises moleculares, também não foi corroborado por este estudo. A utilidade de caracteres bioacústicos na reconstrução filogenética de Passeriformes Suboscines é discutida e reafirmada. / A cladistic analysis of extemal morphology, syringeal morphology, vocalizations and natural history characters was conducted to test the monophyly of Fomlicivora, to define its limits and to develop a phy]ogenetic hypothesis for the genus. Primary homologies were hypothesized and coded as 56 characters for 26 terminal taxons that included 251hamnophilid and one formicariid species. Ten parsimony analyses of this data set were perfonned, each with different inclusion or exclusion, weighting and ordering of characters. Each of these analyses comprised 100 replicates with the random addition sequence option in effect using PAUP tree-bisection-andreconnection branch-swapping heuristic algorithm. The monophyly of Formicivora as currently defined is not supported, but in every analysis seven species are grouped in a clade that includes six currently recognized species of Formicivora. To correspond to this monophyletic assemblage, Formicívora must be redefined to include Stymphalornis acutirostris and to exclude F. iheringi. Formicivora erythronotos is the sister group to the other six species of the genus. Stymphalonlis acutirostris, F. nifa and F. grisea fonn a clade that is the sister group to a clade fonned by F. melanogaster, F. serrana and F. littoralis. The sister group to Fomricivora could not be unambiguously hypothesized. While the phylogenetic relationships of F. iheringi are not resolved within Thamnophilidae, this species should be placed in a incertae sedis monotypic genus, for which the name Neorhopias Hellma:yT, 1920 is available. The monophyly of myrmotherula, which has been questioned by previous studies based on molecular analyses, has not been supported by this study either. The utility of vocal characters in reconstruction of the phylogenetic relationships of Suboscine Passerines is discussed and reaffirmed.

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1. http://hdl.handle.net/11422/3518

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Formicivora

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Additional Fields

Identifer	oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:pantheon.ufrj.br:11422/3518
Date	06 July 2001
Creators	Gonzaga, Luiz Antonio Pedreira
Contributors	http://lattes.cnpq.br/5780812270441322, Kury, Adriano Brilhante, Silva, Jose Maria Cardoso da, Paz, Ricardo Campos da, Höfling, Elizabeth, Costa, Wilson José Eduardo Moreira da
Publisher	Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, UFRJ, Brasil, Museu Nacional
Source Sets	IBICT Brazilian ETDs
Language	Portuguese
Detected Language	English
Type	info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
Source	reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRJ, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, instacron:UFRJ
Rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess