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Previous issue date: 2010-08-27 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / The genus Callithrix, like other marmosets, presents a cooperative breeding system,
characterized by the contribution of parents and non-breeding individuals of the social group
in the care of infants. This care is provided through lactation, transport, supervision of infants
and food transfers. In this study, we investigated the care of offspring in Callithrix jacchus
through the food transfers in family groups under conditions of abundance and scarcity of
food resources. We also attempted to verify the relationship between the participation of
individuals in the transport of infants and in the food sharing. We observed four families at
the N?cleo de Primatologia of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, in a total of
seven infants, six twins and a single infant. Each infant was observed twice a week, from 1st
to 20th week of life using the methods focal continuous and focal instantaneous sampling
with one minute intervals. The observations were carried by 10 minutes and beginning with
the supply of food for each family. Two families were tested under conditions of scarcity of
food resources (experimental condition) and two others were subjected to conditions of
abundant food, both conditions with restricted access to food supply. The condition of food
scarcity did not influence the rate of food sharing with the infants that, in general, was
considered low. All shares observed were passive sharings. Only one family showed higher
levels of food begging, probably due to the loss of the mother during the period of lactation of
her offspring. In this family, the dominant and subadult males were primarily responsible for
the food sharing. The experimental condition influenced the distance of infants in relation to
food source, so the infants in families that received abundant food remained closer to the
source. However, it is believed that the place of food consumption was not influenced by
experimental condition. There was no relationship between the participation of individuals in
the transport and food sharing with their young. Therefore, it is suggested that, in general, the
transfer of food in C. jacchus is characterized by tolerance to the demands of caregivers,
represented by the passive sharing. Rates of sharing with infants were low, probably due to
intra-group competition for food generated by the experiment. / O g?nero Callithrix, assim como os demais calitriqu?deos, apresenta um sistema de
cria??o cooperativa da prole, caracterizado pela contribui??o dos pais e de indiv?duos n?o
reprodutores do grupo social no cuidado aos infantes. Esse cuidado ? fornecido atrav?s da
amamenta??o, do transporte, da supervis?o dos infantes e da transfer?ncia de alimento. Neste
estudo, investigamos o cuidado ? prole em Callithrix jacchus atrav?s da transfer?ncia de
alimento em grupos familiares sob condi??es de abund?ncia e de escassez de recursos
alimentares. Buscamos tamb?m verificar a rela??o entre a participa??o dos indiv?duos no
transporte dos filhotes e na partilha de alimento. Foram observadas quatro fam?lias habitantes
do N?cleo de Primatologia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, totalizando sete
infantes, sendo seis g?meos e um filhote ?nico. Cada infante foi observado duas vezes por
semana, da 1? a 20? semana de vida, atrav?s dos m?todos focal cont?nuo e focal instant?neo,
com intervalos de um minuto. As observa??es eram realizadas por 10 minutos e iniciavam-se
com o fornecimento do alimento para cada fam?lia. Duas fam?lias foram testadas sob condi??o
de escassez de recurso alimentar (condi??o experimental) e outras duas foram submetidas ?
condi??o de abund?ncia de alimento, ambas as condi??es com restri??o de acesso ? fonte de
alimento. A condi??o de escassez de alimento n?o influenciou a taxa de partilha de alimento
com os filhotes que, de um modo geral, foi baixa. Todas as partilhas observadas foram do tipo
passiva. Somente uma fam?lia apresentou n?veis maiores de solicita??o, provavelmente em
decorr?ncia da perda da m?e durante a fase de amamenta??o da prole. Nessa fam?lia, os
machos dominante e subadulto foram os principais respons?veis pelas partilhas. A condi??o
experimental influenciou a dist?ncia dos infantes em rela??o ? fonte de alimento, de modo que
os infantes das fam?lias que receberam alimento abundante permaneceram mais pr?ximos ?
fonte. Entretanto, acredita-se que o local de consumo do alimento n?o tenha sido influenciado
pela condi??o experimental. N?o houve rela??o entre a participa??o dos indiv?duos no
transporte e na partilha de alimento com os filhotes. Portanto, sugere-se que, de um modo
geral, a transfer?ncia de alimento em C. jacchus seja caracterizada pela toler?ncia dos
cuidadores ?s solicita??es, representada pela partilha passiva. As taxas de partilha com os
infantes foram baixas, provavelmente devido ? competi??o alimentar intragrupo gerada pelo
delineamento experimental
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/17305 |
| Date | 27 August 2010 |
| Creators | Menezes, Daniela Keller |
| Contributors | CPF:09453997404, http://lattes.cnpq.br/4654421846443562, Lopes, F?via de Ara?jo, CPF:91566088453, http://lattes.cnpq.br/2583445528542625, Oliveira, Maria Adelia Borstelmann de, CPF:38098288404, Miranda, Maria de F?tima Arruda de |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Psicobiologia, UFRN, BR, Estudos de Comportamento; Psicologia Fisiol?gica |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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