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Previous issue date: 2015-04-27 / O desenvolvimento infantil ? o resultado da intera??o de fatores biol?gicos,
psicol?gicos e sociais. Ambiente hostil, renda, est?mulos oferecidos, bem como a
presen?a de uma doen?a cr?nica s?o quest?es que podem interferir significativamente.
Considerando as doen?as cr?nicas, podemos identificar a cardiopatia cong?nita (CC)
que se caracteriza por malforma??es card?acas anat?micas e funcionas e atualmente tem
apresentado uma incid?ncia de at? 1% na popula??o de nascidos vivos. Esta pesquisa
teve como objetivo avaliar o desenvolvimento infantil e verificar uma associa??o com o
comprometimento por fatores biopsicossociais de crian?as com e sem CC. Fizeram
parte do estudo crian?as de zero a seis anos, divididas em tr?s grupos: Grupo1- 29
crian?as cardiopatas cong?nitas pr?-cir?rgicas, Grupo2- 43 crian?as cardiopatas p?scir?rgicas
e Grupo3- 56 crian?as saud?veis. Os instrumentos utilizados foram um
question?rio biopsicossocial e o Teste de Triagem de Denver II. Do total de 128
crian?as avaliadas, 66 (51,56%) s?o meninas, sendo que a idade variou dos dois meses
aos seis anos (mediana 24,5 meses). No G1 e G2 houve predom?nio de cardiopatias
acian?ticas (55,2% e 58,1%). Em rela??o as avalia??es do Denver II, as crian?as
cardiopatas tiveram mais classifica??es de desenvolvimento ?suspeito? e
?suspeito/anormal?, sendo que 41,9% das crian?as que j? passaram por procedimento
cir?rgico tiveram seu desenvolvimento caracterizado como ?suspeito/anormal?. No
grupo das crian?as saud?veis 53,6% foram classificadas com perfil desenvolvimental
?normal? (p=?0,0001). Sobre os dom?nios do Denver II, entre as crian?as cardiopatas
houve maior altera??o nas ?reas motoras (p= 0,016, p=?0,001). As vari?veis
biopsicossociais que se mostraram relacionadas a um poss?vel atraso no
desenvolvimento foram: sexo (p=0,042), idade da crian?a (p=0,0001) e renda per capita
(p=0,019). N?o foram encontradas associa??es entre as vari?veis relacionadas ao
tratamento da cardiopatia, informa??o, compreens?o da doen?a e do modo como os pais
tratam os filhos. J? no grupo das crian?as saud?veis evidenciou-se que crian?as que
passaram por interna??o hospitalar tiveram mais ?ndices de altera??es no
desenvolvimento (p=0,025) e quanto maior o n?mero de interna??es mais essas
altera??es se intensificaram (p=0,023). Os resultados sugerem que crian?as com
cardiopatia cong?nita tenham prov?vel atraso no desenvolvimento. Tamb?m foi
poss?vel verificar que existe uma diferen?a significativa entre as crian?as que passaram
por procedimento cir?rgico, daquelas que ainda aguardam cirurgia fazendo somente
acompanhamento cl?nico. As altera??es de o desenvolvimento estarem mais ligadas as
?reas motoras podem ser explicadas por aspectos caracter?sticos da doen?a e do
tratamento, como dispneia, cansa?o, cuidados e limita??es nas atividades di?rias. As
vari?veis sexo e idade parecem ser determinantes no desenvolvimento, bem como,
crian?as saud?veis passarem por experi?ncia de hospitaliza??o. J? nas crian?as
cardiopatas, se percebeu que as vari?veis sociais que envolvem a doen?a e o tratamento
n?o comprometeram o desenvolvimento. Essa quest?o pode ser entendida por meio de
fatores protetores e de resili?ncia, j? que essa popula??o recebe apoio familiar e social. / Child development is the result of the interaction of biological, psychological and social
factors. Hostile environment, income, offered stimuli, as well as the presence of a
chronic illness are issues that may interfere significantly. Considering the chronic
diseases, we can identify congenital heart disease (CHD) is characterized by anatomical
heart defects and functional and currently has presented an incidence of up to 1% of the
population of live births. This research aimed to evaluate child development and verify
an association with the commitment by biopsychosocial factors of children with and
without CHD. Study participants were children from zero to six years, divided into three
groups: Group1- 29 children pre-surgical congenital heart disease, Group2- 43 children
post-surgical cardiac patients and Group3- 56 healthy children. The instruments used
were a biopsychosocial questionnaire and the Screening Test Denver II. Of the total of
128 children evaluated, 66 (51.56%) are girls, and ages ranged from two months to six
years (median 24.5 months). In G1 and G2 predominated acyanotic heart disease
(55.2% and 58.1%). Regarding the Denver II reviews, children with heart disease had
more development ratings "suspicious" and "suspect/abnormal", and 41.9% of children
who have gone through surgery had characterized its development as
"suspect/abnormal" . In the group of healthy children 53.6% were classified as
developmental profile "normal" (p = ?0,0001). On the areas of Denver II, among
children with heart disease was greatest change in motor areas (p = 0.016, p = ?0,001).
The biopsychosocial variables that were related to a possible developmental delay were
gender (p = 0.042), child's age (p = 0.0001) and income per capita (p = 0.019). There
were no associations between the variables related to the treatment of disease,
information, understanding of the disease and the way parents treat their children. In the
group of healthy children showed that children who underwent hospitalization rates
were more changes in development (p = 0.025) and the higher the number of admissions
over these changes have intensified (p = 0.023). The results suggest that children with
congenital heart disease have likely delayed development. It was also observed that
there is a significant difference between the children who have gone through surgery,
those who are still waiting for surgery only doing clinical follow-up. Changes in the
development are more connected motor areas can be explained by the characteristic
features of the disease and treatment, such as dyspnea, fatigue, care and limitations in
daily activities. The gender and age appear to be decisive in the development as well as
healthy children go through hospitalization experience. Already in children with heart
disease, it was realized that social variables involved in the disease and the treatment
did not affect the development. This question can be understood by means of protective
factors and resiliency, as this population receives family and social support.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/20148 |
| Date | 27 April 2015 |
| Creators | Mari, Mariana Alievi |
| Contributors | 34616055068, http://lattes.cnpq.br/1325459110950508, Vigueras, Evelyn Soledad Reyes, 71270396072, http://lattes.cnpq.br/5370226024978670, Nobre, Thaiza Teixeira Xavier, 02590556462, http://lattes.cnpq.br/2813639308023253, Alchieri, Jo?o Carlos |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM PSICOLOGIA, UFRN, Brasil |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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