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Previous issue date: 2018-01-09 / This study was conducted within the Group of Studies in Career Development
of the field of Social Psychology, in the Psychology Faculty of Pontif?cia Universidade
Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul. The research?s main objective was to investigate the
female entrepreneurial career in order to understand its motivations under a
contemporary career model: the Kaleidoscopic Career Model. Brazil is among the top
10 countries with the highest rates of entrepreneurship in the world, with almost
equivalent rates between men and women - the difference is less than 2. Although
female entrepreneurship growth has been 16% in the last 10 years compared to male?s
7%, this activity is still strongly associated with male careers. In this context, the
specificities of female entrepreneurship may be overshadowed, just as there is a
difference between the motivations that lead women and men to open their own
businesses. Therefore, the general objective of this research was to verify if there are
differences between men and women regarding their motivations for entrepreneurship,
according to the parameters of the Kaleidoscopic Career, theoretical model developed
based on female career trajectories. To achieve this goal, a narrative review of the
literature on the model was carried out, which analyzed 16 articles available in national
and international scientific databases on the Kaleidoscopic Career Model, and its
relation with female career trajectories. Afterwards, the first empirical study that
composes this dissertation has adapted this instrument to Brazilian context within a
sample of 272 Brazilian professionals. For the validation, confirmatory factorial
analysis has been used, with maximum likelihood estimation method. The final version
of the scale presented 19 items, distributed in the predicted factors, with precision
values of: Balance (?=.78), Challenge (?=.76) and Authenticity (?=.65). Using this
adapted scale, the second empirical study aimed to verify if there is difference between
women?s and men?s motivation for opening their own businesses. In addition to the
Kaleidoscopic Career Parameter Scale adapted to Brazilian context, a
sociodemographic survey and entrepreneurial trajectory and business characteristics
questionnaire were used with the respondents. The sample was composed by 416
professionals, in which 54.6% were women and 48.6% were entrepreneurs. Although
professionals with their own business had significantly higher averages (M = 3.86)
compared to non-entrepreneurs in Challenge parameter [M = 3.53; F (416,1) = 15.15;
p <0.001, ?? = 0,4], there was no significant difference between the parameters
according to respondent?s sex. Corroborating this result, the main reasons for opening
a company - identification of business opportunity, desire for autonomy and work
according to personal values - were the most frequently answers among male and
female entrepreneurs. By contributing to demystify the idea that the motivations for
female entrepreneurship are essentially different from the masculine, we expect results
to contribute for a greater awareness and promotion of female entrepreneurship. / Este estudo foi realizado junto ao Grupo de Estudos em Desenvolvimento de
Carreira da ?rea de concentra??o em Psicologia Social, da Faculdade de Psicologia
da Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, e teve como principal
objetivo investigar a carreira empreendedora feminina no intuito de compreender suas
motiva??es ? luz de um dos modelos de carreira contempor?neos: o Modelo de
Carreira Caleidosc?pica. O Brasil est? entre os 10 pa?ses com as maiores taxas de
empreendedorismo do mundo, com ?ndices quase equivalentes entre homens e
mulheres - a diferen?a ? inferior a 2%. Embora o crescimento do empreendedorismo
feminino tenha sido de 16% nos ?ltimos 10 anos ante 7% do masculino, essa atividade
ainda ? fortemente associada a carreiras masculinas. Nesse contexto, podem-se
ofuscar especificidades do empreendedorismo feminino, tais como poss?veis
diferen?as entre as motiva??es de mulheres e homens para empreender. Neste
sentido, o objetivo geral desta pesquisa foi verificar se h? diferen?as entre homens e
mulheres em rela??o ?s motiva??es para o empreendedorismo, segundo os
par?metros da Carreira Caleidosc?pica, modelo te?rico desenvolvido com base nas
trajet?rias de carreira femininas. Para atingir esse objetivo, realizou-se primeiramente
uma revis?o narrativa da literatura sobre o modelo, que analisou 16 artigos dispon?veis
em bases de dados nacionais e internacionais a respeito do Modelo de Carreira
Caleidosc?pica e sua rela??o com as trajet?rias de carreira femininas. Ap?s, foi
conduzido o primeiro estudo emp?rico que comp?e esta disserta??o, que adaptou o
instrumento para mensura??o dos par?metros do modelo utilizando uma amostra de
272 profissionais brasileiros. Para a valida??o, realizou-se an?lises fatoriais
confirmat?rias, com m?todo de estima??o da m?xima verossimilhan?a. A vers?o final
apresentou 19 itens, distribu?dos nos fatores previstos, com os valores do coeficiente
de precis?o: Balan?o (?=,78), Crescimento (?=,76) e Autenticidade (?=,65). Utilizando
a escala adaptada, realizou-se o segundo estudo emp?rico com o objetivo de averiguar
se h? e como se d? a diferen?a entre mulheres e homens ao optarem por abrir seus
pr?prios neg?cios. Al?m da Escala de Par?metros da Carreira Caleidosc?pica
adaptada para o contexto brasileiro, foi utilizado um question?rio sociodemogr?fico e
um acerca da trajet?ria empreendedora e caracter?sticas dos neg?cios dos
participantes empres?rios. Participaram desta etapa 416 profissionais maiores de
idade, dos quais 54,6% mulheres e 48,6% empreendedores. Embora profissionais que
possuam um neg?cio pr?prio tenham apresentado m?dias significativamente mais
altas (M=3,86) em rela??o a n?o-empreendedores no par?metro Crescimento
[M=3,53; F(416,1)=15,15; p<0,001, ?? = 0,4], n?o foi verificada diferen?a significativa
entre os par?metros segundo o sexo. Corroborando este resultado, as principais
raz?es para abertura da empresa ? identifica??o de oportunidade de neg?cio, desejo
por autonomia e atua??o segundo valores pessoais ? foram as mais frequentemente
citadas entre empreendedoras e empreendedores. Ao contribuir para desmistificar a
ideia de que as motiva??es para o empreendedorismo feminino sejam essencialmente
diferentes do masculino, espera-se ampliar a conscientiza??o sobre e a promo??o
desta atividade, especialmente entre mulheres.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:tede2.pucrs.br:tede/7831 |
| Date | 09 January 2018 |
| Creators | Bandeira, Patr?cia Bock |
| Contributors | Oliveira, Manoela Ziebell de |
| Publisher | Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Psicologia, PUCRS, Brasil, Escola de Ci?ncias da Sa?de |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS, instname:Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, instacron:PUC_RS |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Relation | 2588426296948062698, 500 |
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