Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:08:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
LarissaCLA_DISSERT.pdf: 2411784 bytes, checksum: bc6175bf8ed881abf12e8c0d17d59264 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2011-07-04 / Biodiesel is an alternative fuel, renewable, biodegradable and nontoxic. The
transesterification of vegetable oils or animal fat with alcohol is most common form of
production of this fuel. The procedure for production of biodiesel occurs most commonly
through the transesterification reaction in which catalysts are used to accelerate and increase
their income and may be basic, acid or enzyme. The use of homogeneous catalysis requires
specific conditions and purification steps of the reaction products (alkyl ester and glycerol)
and removal of the catalyst at the end of the reaction. As an alternative to improve the yield of
the transesterification reaction, minimize the cost of production is that many studies are being
conducted with the application of heterogeneous catalysis. The use of nano-structured
materials as catalysts in the production of biodiesel is a biofuel alternative for a similar to
mineral diesel. Although slower, can esterify transesterified triglycerides and free fatty acids
and suffer little influence of water, which may be present in the raw material. This study
aimed at the synthesis, characterization and application of nano-structured materials as
catalysts in the transesterification reaction of soybean oil to produce biodiesel by ethylic
route. The type material containing SBA-15 mesoporous lanthanum embedded within rightly
Si / La = 50 was used catalyst. Solid samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction,
thermogravimetric analysis, infrared spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption and desorption. For
the transesterification process, we used a molar ratio of 20:1 alcohol and oil with 0.250 g of
catalyst at 60?C and times of 6 hours of reaction. It was determined the content of ethyl esters
by H-NMR analysis and gas chromatography. It was found that the variable of conversion
obtained was 80%, showing a good catalytic activity LaSBA-15 in the transesterification of
vegetable oils via ethylic route / O biodiesel ? um combust?vel alternativo, renov?vel, biodegrad?vel e n?o t?xico. A
transesterifica??o dos ?leos vegetais ou gordura animal com ?lcool ? a forma mais usual de
produ??o desse combust?vel. O procedimento de produ??o de biodiesel ocorre mais
comumente atrav?s da rea??o de transesterifica??o, na qual se utiliza catalisadores para
acelerar e aumentar seu rendimento, podendo ser b?sico, ?cido ou enzim?tico. O uso da
cat?lise homog?nea requer condi??es e etapas espec?ficas de purifica??o dos produtos da
rea??o (?ster alqu?licos e glicerol) e remo??o do catalisador ao t?rmino da rea??o. Como
alternativa para melhorar o rendimento da rea??o de transesterifica??o, minimizar os custos
com a produ??o ? que muitos estudos est?o sendo realizados com aplica??o de cat?lise
heterog?nea. O uso de materiais nano-estruturados como catalisadores na produ??o de
biodiesel ? uma alternativa para obter um biocombust?vel semelhante ao diesel mineral.
Mesmo sendo mais lentos, conseguem transesterificar os triglicer?deos e esterificar os ?cidos
graxos livres, al?m de sofrerem pouca influ?ncia da ?gua, que possa estar presente na mat?riaprima.
Este trabalho teve como objetivo a s?ntese, caracteriza??o e aplica??o de materiais
nano-estruturados como catalisadores na rea??o de transesterifica??o de ?leo de soja, para
obten??o de biodiesel pela rota et?lica. O material do tipo SBA-15 contendo lant?nio
incorporado na estrutura mesoporosa, com raz?o Si/La=50, foi utilizado como catalisador. As
amostras s?lidas foram caracterizadas por difra??o de raios-X, an?lise termogravim?trica,
espectroscopia na regi?o do infravermelho, adsor??o e dessor??o de nitrog?nio. Para o
processo de transesterifica??o, utilizou-se uma raz?o molar entre ?lcool e ?leo de 20:1 com
0,250 g de catalisador, temperatura de 60?C e tempos de 6 horas de rea??o. Determinou-se o
teor de ?steres et?licos pela an?lise de H-RMN e cromatografia a g?s. Foi verificado que a
vari?vel de convers?o obtida foi de 80%, mostrando uma boa atividade catal?tica do LaSBA-
15 na transesterifica??o do ?leo de soja via rota et?lica
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/12947 |
| Date | 04 July 2011 |
| Creators | Ara?jo, Larissa Cicianny Luz Ferreira de |
| Contributors | CPF:35530502415, http://lattes.cnpq.br/9770622597949866, Guedes, Ana Paula de Melo Alves, CPF:03330987499, http://lattes.cnpq.br/5738717177200782, Coriolano, Ana Catarina Fernandes, CPF:83744479404, http://lattes.cnpq.br/5552621403067808, Ara?jo, Ant?nio Souza de |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncia e Engenharia do Petr?leo, UFRN, BR, Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento em Ci?ncia e Engenharia de Petr?leo |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
Page generated in 0.0018 seconds