<p> Heavy duty on-road vehicles represent one of the largest sources of NO<sub> x</sub> emissions and fuel consumption in North America. Heavy duty vehicles are predominantly fueled with diesel, with the recent interest in natural gas (NG) systems. As emissions and greenhouse gas regulations continue to tighten new opportunities for advanced fleet specific heavy duty vehicles are becoming available with improved fuel economy. NO<sub>x</sub> emissions have dropped 90% for heavy duty vehicles with the recent 2010 certification limit. Additional NO<sub>x</sub> reductions of another 90% are desired for the South Coast Air basin to meet its 2023 NO<sub>x</sub> inventory requirements and the California optional low NO<sub>x</sub> standard in 2015.</p><p> One of the difficulties in quantifying NO<sub>x</sub> emissions at the levels proposed in this research (90% of the 2010 certification level ~ 0.02 g/bhp-hr) is the measurement methods are approaching their detection limit to sufficiently quantify NO<sub>x</sub> emissions. Three upgraded NO<sub> x</sub> measurement methods were considered which include a raw NO<sub>x</sub> measurement integrated with real time exhaust flow, a real-time ambient correction approach, and a trace level ambient analyzer for accurate bag analysis. In summary the improved methods varied in their success where the raw sampling approach showed to be the most accurate and precise over the rage of conditions tested. </p><p> The ISL G NZ 8.9 liter NG engine met and exceeded the target NO<sub> x</sub> emissions of 0.02 g/bhp-hr. This engine significantly reduced 97%–100% of NO<sub>x</sub> emissions compared with previous ISL G 8.9 engines. The NO<sub>x</sub> emissions decreased as the duty cycle was decreased which was the opposite trend for the diesel vehicles. It is expected NG vehicles could play a role in the reduction of the south coast NO<sub>x</sub> inventory problem given their near zero emission factors demonstrated.</p>
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:PROQUEST/oai:pqdtoai.proquest.com:10194518 |
| Date | 18 March 2017 |
| Creators | Han, Yuwei |
| Publisher | University of California, Riverside |
| Source Sets | ProQuest.com |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | thesis |
Page generated in 0.0024 seconds