The heme protein myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a major constituent of neutrophils. As a
key mediator of the innate immune system, neutrophils are rapidly recruited to inflammatory sites,
where they recognize, phagocytose, and inactivate foreign microorganisms. In the newly formed
phagosomes, MPO is involved in the creation and maintenance of an alkaline milieu, which is optimal
in combatting microbes. Myeloperoxidase is also a key component in neutrophil extracellular traps.
These helpful properties are contrasted by the release of MPO and other neutrophil constituents
from necrotic cells or as a result of frustrated phagocytosis. Although MPO is inactivated by the
plasma protein ceruloplasmin, it can interact with negatively charged components of serum and
the extracellular matrix. In cardiovascular diseases and many other disease scenarios, active MPO
and MPO-modified targets are present in atherosclerotic lesions and other disease-specific locations.
This implies an involvement of neutrophils, MPO, and other neutrophil products in pathogenesis
mechanisms. This review critically reflects on the beneficial and harmful functions of MPO against
the background of immune response.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:DRESDEN/oai:qucosa:de:qucosa:89415 |
| Date | 30 January 2024 |
| Creators | Arnhold, Jürgen |
| Publisher | MDPI |
| Source Sets | Hochschulschriftenserver (HSSS) der SLUB Dresden |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, doc-type:article, info:eu-repo/semantics/article, doc-type:Text |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Relation | 8057, 10.3390/ijms21218057 |
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