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Previous issue date: 2011-02-02 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / Environmental pollution caused by heavy metals from different economic activities, including the oil
wells drilling has been one source of soil contamination by lead, barium and zinc. These metals
compose substances such as barita and galena, which are used to density control of drilling fluid. The
soil remediation frequently uses EDTA (1.0 M) as extractor agent, which generates a large amount of
concentrated liquid metals. The metals present in this aqueous solution are present at low
concentrations (between 10-7 and 10-4 mols.dm-3), which can?t be removed by traditional methods.
Alternatively, flotation treatment is a technique that has a viable capacity to handle large volumes of
effluent in relatively small areas and accepts combinations with other techniques such as coagulation.
This study aimed to verify the removal efficiency of Pb, Zn and Ba present in a synthesized solution,
which simulates the effluent generated by contaminated soil washing, by dispersed air flotation. The
experiments were conducted at bench scale and have been investigated the influence of the parameters
involved in the process, such as pH, flotation time, column height and bubble size. All the study was
done by colloid flotation using ferric chloride as coagulant and sodium dodecyl sulfate as the collector
of a stoichiometric ratio of three sodium dodecyl sulfate to one of metal. The results showed that the
technique has produced satisfactory results in the removal of lead, barium and zinc reached up to
100% removal of the metal, making it possible to meet criteria and standards for effluent discharge
described in the RESOLUTION N?. 357, THE NATIONAL COUNCIL ON THE ENVIRONMENT
(CONAMA). / A polui??o ambiental por metais pesados resulta de diferentes atividades econ?micas, entre elas, a
perfura??o de po?os de petr?leo tem sido uma das fontes de contamina??o do solo por Chumbo, B?rio
e Zinco. Estes metais s?o provenientes de subst?ncias como a barita e a galena que s?o utilizadas para
o controle da densidade de fluido de perfura??o. Para remedia??o deste solo ? feito uma lavagem com
EDTA (1,0M), de onde ser? gerado um volume de l?quido concentrado dos metais antes presentes no
solo. Os metais presentes nesta solu??o aquosa encontram-se em concentra??es reduzidas (entre 10-7 e
10-4 mol.dm-3), o que dificulta resultados satisfat?rios ao utilizar m?todos tradicionais. Como
alternativa de tratamento a flota??o ? uma t?cnica que possui uma capacidade vi?vel de tratar
grandes volumes de efluentes em ?reas relativamente pequenas e que aceita combina??es com
outras t?cnicas, como a coagula??o. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo verificar a efici?ncia de
remo??o dos metais Pb, Ba e Zn presentes em uma solu??o sintetizada, que simula o efluente
gerado na lavagem do solo contaminado, via flota??o por ar disperso. Os experimentos foram
realizados em escala de bancada e nestes foram investigados a influ?ncia dos par?metros
envolvidos no processo. Tais como: pH, tempo de flota??o, Altura da coluna e tamanho de bolha.
Todo o estudo foi feito por flota??o de col?ides, usando o cloreto f?rrico como agente coagulante
e o dodecil sulfato de s?dio como coletor a uma raz?o estequiom?trica de tr?s de dodecil sulfato
de s?dio para um de metal. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que a t?cnica produziu resultados
satisfat?rios na remo??o de chumbo, b?rio e zinco atingido at? 100% de remo??o do metal, sendo
assim poss?vel atender aos crit?rios e padr?es de lan?amento de efluentes descritos na RESOLU??O
NO. 357, DO CONSELHO NACIONAL DO MEIO AMBIENTE (CONAMA).
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:localhost:jspui/1228 |
| Date | 02 February 2011 |
| Creators | Cruz, Samantha Grisol da |
| Contributors | Casqueira, Rui de G?es, Machado J?nior, H?lio Fernandes, Couto, Hudson Jean Bianquini |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Engenharia Qu?mica, UFRRJ, Brasil, Instituto de Tecnologia |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ, instname:Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, instacron:UFRRJ |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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