Thesis (MPA (Public Management and Planning))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Co-operatives as a form of business have a long history in South Africa. The successes of
agricultural co-operatives are well known. Housing co-operatives, however, are a
relatively unfamiliar concept as a form of business to provide tenure, and for those who are
involved in it, a frustrating and long process to obtain housing.
This study examined the issue of housing co-operatives as part of addressing the housing
crisis in South Africa taking into consideration that this specific model (housing
development co-operatives) does not fall under the Social Housing sector anymore. It
involves a comprehensive literature study of the history of co-operatives internationally and
in South Africa as well as analysing different models implemented internationally and in
South Africa; a review of legislation; policies affecting housing co-operatives; analysis of
data and information and surveys of housing co-operatives.
The specific aims of the research were:
• To determine the different models of successful housing development cooperatives
internationally;
• To determine the viability and sustainability of housing development co-operatives
in Third World Countries;
• To determine the current status of the registered housing co-operatives in South
Africa;
• To determine the different models implemented in South Africa;
• To evaluate the housing development co-operative sector in South Africa;
• To determine the viability and sustainability of a registered housing development
co-operative in Cape Town, (Ilinge Labahlali Housing Co-operative, Nyanga, Cape
Town, South Africa); and
• To determine the challenges faced by the co-operative and how they foresee these
challenges being overcome. The study followed a survey design, including both qualitative and quantitative aspects.
The qualitative approach related to the views and opinions of co-operative members with
regards to the socio-economic impact that the co-operative have had and the quantitative
approach relates to statistical and measurable data obtained from the Department of
Trade and Industry in terms of a number of variables such as: type of co-operatives,
categories indicated and Province representation.
For the purpose of this study, only housing co-operatives were contacted and research
was conducted on the state of housing co-operatives and if each housing co-operative
meet the selection criteria of the Housing Development Co-operative Model.
In critically assessing housing co-operatives in South Africa, it was determined that the
unacceptable level of support from all three tiers of Government, was the prime problem
experienced by housing co-operatives. Several reasons can explain this, the most
prominent as follow:
1. The Department of Trade and Industry’s lack of proper record keeping and
administration;
2. Housing development co-operatives do not benefit from the Social Housing sector
in South Africa;
3. Department of Housing’s lack of knowledge with regards to the housing cooperative
sector;
4. No synergy between different Government departments with regards to housing cooperatives;
5. Municipalities do not have the know-how regarding co-operatives and/or display an
unwillingness to assist housing co-operatives;
6. Housing co-operatives established by outside agencies/Government departments
receive no follow-up and support;
7. No proper Government housing co-operative department focusing on housing
delivery with the necessary knowledge and support mechanisms in place.
It is clear that in the late nineties, the co-operative principle was promoted by the
Department of Housing, Social Housing Foundation and community workers alike as the
new brain child of international agencies (Rooftops Canada, Norwegian Government, Swedish Government) to secure housing for communities building on the concept of
“ubuntu”. Afterwards the emphasis were shifted to Social Housing Institutions and rental
tenure and the few housing co-operatives registered, were left in the cold with no support
structures available to them.
With no support from international agencies, national-, provincial- and local Government
the future of these housing co-operatives are bleak. Co-operative members are
community driven, but without the necessary capacity-building and institutional support,
community members become despondent and the co-operative principles of “working
together to achieve more” are seen as just another scheme which failed in the delivery of
housing.
This study found that the grass root housing co-operative with the support of all levels of
Government can be successful providing that community structures such as saving groups
and hostel committees are in place. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Koöperasies as bedryfsvorm het ’n lang geskiedenis in Suid-Afrika. Die welslae van
landboukoöperasies is wel bekend. Behuisingskoöperasies is egter ’n relatief onbekende
konsep as bedryfsvorm om eiendomsreg te verskaf en vir diegene wat daarby betrokke is,
is dit ’n frustrerende en uitgerekte proses waarvolgens behuising bekom kan word.
Dié studie het die behuisingskoöperasie-aangeleentheid as deel van die aanspreek van
die behuisingskrisis in Suid-Afrika onder die loep geplaas met inagneming daarvan dat
hierdie spesifieke model (ontwikkelingsbehuising-koöperasies) nie meer onder die
Maatskaplike Behuisingsektor ressorteer nie. Dit het ’n omvattende literatuurstudie van
die geskiedenis van koöperasies internasionaal en in Suid-Afrika behels, asook ’n analise
van verskillende modelle wat internasionaal en in Suid-Afrika toegepas word; ’n oorsig van
relevante wetgewing; beleidsrigtings wat behuisingskoöperasies raak; analise van data en
inligting, en opnames van behuisingskoöperasies.
Die spesifieke doelwitte van die navorsing was:
• Om die verskillende modelle van geslaagde ontwikkelingsbehuising-koöperasies
internasionaal te bepaal;
• Om die lewensvatbaarheid en volhoubaarheid van ontwikkelingsbehuisingkoöperasies
in lande van die Derde Wêreld te bepaal;
• Om die huidige status van die geregistreerde behuisingskoöperasies in Suid-Afrika
te bepaal;
• Om die verskillende modelle wat in Suid-Afrika toegepas word, te bepaal;
• Om die behuisingsontwikkeling-koöperasiesektor in Suid-Afrika te evalueer;
• Om die lewensvatbaarheid en volhoubaarheid van ’n geregistreerde
behuisingsontwikkeling-koöperasie in Kaapstad (llinge Labahlali
Behuisingskoöperasie, Nyanga, Kaapstad, Suid-Afrika) te bepaal, en
• Om die uitdaging wat deur die koöperasies in die gesig gestaar word, te bepaal en
hoe daar gemeen word dié uitdaging te bowe gekom gaan word. Dié studie is aan die hand van ’n vooropgestelde opnamepatroon uitgevoer wat
kwalitatiewe en kwantitatiewe aspekte ingesluit het. Die kwalitatiewe benadering was
gerig op die sieninge en menings van koöperasielede met betrekking tot die sosioekonomiese
impak van die koöperasie, en die kwantitatiewe benadering het te make
gehad met die statistiese en meetbare data rakende ’n aantal veranderlikes, soos soorte
koöperasies, aangeduide kategorieë en provinsiale verteenwoordiging, wat van die
Departement van Handel en Nywerheid bekom is.
Vir die doel van hierdie studie is daar net met behuisingskoöperasies geskakel en
navorsing is gedoen op die stand van behuisingskoöperasies en of iedere so ’n koöperasie
aan die keuringskriteria van die model van die ontwikkelingsbehuising-koöperasie voldoen.
Na kritiese beskouing van behuisingskoöperasies in Suid-Afrika, is daar vasgestel dat die
onaanvaarbare mate van ondersteuning wat van die drie vlakke van regering ontvang
word, die vernaamste probleem is waarmee behuisingskoöperasies te kampe het. Onder
die talle redes wat as verduideliking kan dien, is die volgende die mees prominente:
1. Die Departement van Handel en Nywerheid se gebrek aan deeglike rekordhouding
en administrasie;
2. Ontwikkelingsbehuising-koöperasies vind nie baat by die Maatskaplike
Behuisingsektor in Suid-Afrika nie;
3. Die Departement van Behuising se gebrek aan kennis met betrekking tot die
behuisingskoöperasiesektor;
4. Gebrek aan sinergie tussen verskillende regeringsdepartemente met betrekking tot
behuisingskoöprasies;
5. Munisipaliteite beskik nie oor die kundigheid ten opsigte van koöperasies nie en/of
toon onwilligheid om behuisingskoöperasies by te staan;
6. Behuisingskoöperasies, wat deur buite-ondernemings/regeringsdepartemente
gestig word, ontvang geen onderskraging nie en daar is ook ’n gebrek aan enige
voortgesette belangstelling in hulle doen en late.
7. Daar is geen geskikte behuisingskoöperasie aan regeringskant wat fokus op die
voorsiening van behuising en wat oor die nodige kennis en
ondersteuningsmeganismes beskik nie. Dit is duidelik dat die beginsel van koöperasies in die laat jare negentig deur die
Departement van Behuising, die Maatskaplike Behuisingstigting, gemeenskapswerkers, en
dies meer, as die nuwe breinkind van internasionale agentskappe soos Rooftops Canada,
die Noorweegse regering, die Sweedse regering bevorder is om behuising vir
gemeenskappe te verseker wat op die konsep “ubuntu” gebou het. Daarna is die klem na
Maatskaplikebehuisingsondernemings en huurbesit verskuif en die enkele geregistreerde
behuisingskoöperasies is sonder enige ondersteuningstruktuur aan hulle eie lot oorgelaat.
Met geen ondersteuning van die kant van internasionale organisasies, nasionale,
provinsiale of plaaslike regering nie, is die toekoms van dié behuisingskoöperasies maar
bra droewig. Koöperasielede is gemeenskapsgedrewe, maar sonder die nodige
kapasiteitsbou en institusionele onderskraging, het lede van die gemeenskap wanhopig
geraak en word die beginsel van “saamwerk om meer te bereik” bloot beskou as net nog
’n plan wat ten opsigte van behuisingvoorsiening gefaal het.
Dié studie het bevind dat die voetsoolvlak-behuisingskoöperasie – met die onderskraging
van alle vlakke van regering – wel geslaagd kan wees, mits gemeenskapstrukture soos
spaargroepe en hostelkomitees in plek is.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:netd.ac.za/oai:union.ndltd.org:sun/oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/5449 |
| Date | 12 1900 |
| Creators | Herbst, Adriana |
| Contributors | Theron, Francois, University of Stellenbosch. Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences. School of Public Leadership. |
| Source Sets | South African National ETD Portal |
| Detected Language | Unknown |
| Type | Thesis |
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