Spatial and topological features of urban road networks have been observed variously in the past. No previous study, however, has investigated and compared an extensive data set from cities all over the world regarding their network properties. In this work, re-spectively 20 large cities from 5 continents and Germany are analyzed. In the process, node degree, link length, shortest paths, detour index as well as measures for rectangu-larity are used to characterize and to differentiate the networks. While most networks properties are quite diverse from continent to continent, the detour index as a measure of efficiency shows remarkable similarities and homogeneity over all regions, independ-ent of their spatial network structure. It is shown that in some cities this efficiency is mainly sustained by a subnetwork of major roads, while in others it relies on a balance between minor and major roads. Rectangularity in all regions is shown to be predomi-nant in the structure of minor road subnetworks, while it is shown that this feature is not trivially connected to the node degree.:Table of Contents
List of Figures V
List of Tables VI
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
Chapter 2 Preliminaries 4
2.1 Complex Networks 4
2.2 Network Characteristics 5
2.2.1 Node Degree 5
2.2.2 Link Length 6
2.2.3 Shortest Path Length 7
2.2.4 Detour Index 7
2.2.5 Rectangularity 8
2.3 Data 11
2.3.1 Data Source and Analyzed Cities 11
2.3.2 Data Structure 12
2.3.3 Data Quality 14
2.4 Data Preprocessing 15
2.4.1 Removal of Dead Ends 16
2.4.2 Removal of Transient Nodes 17
2.4.3 Merging of Multi-Node Intersections and Roads with Separated Lanes 17
2.5 Network Modifications 20
Chapter 3 Results and Discussion 23
3.1 Unmodified Networks 23
3.1.1 Node Degree 23
3.1.2 Link Length 25
3.1.3 Network Efficiency 28
3.1.4 Rectangularity 30
3.2 Modified Networks and Comparison to Unmodified Networks 36
3.2.1 Node Degree 37
3.2.2 Link Length 39
3.2.3 Network Efficiency 41
3.2.4 Rectangularity 46
Chapter 4 Conclusion and Outlook 49
References 51
Appendix A Detailed Results of Unmodified Networks 55
Appendix A.1 Europe 55
Appendix A.2 Anglo America 56
Appendix A.3 Latin America 57
Appendix A.4 Asia 58
Appendix A.5 Africa 59
Appendix A.6 Germany 60
Appendix B Corrupted Networks due to Merging of Intersections with Radius 50 m 61
Appendix C Modification 2 62
Appendix D Spatial Distributions of Network Measures 63
Appendix D.1 Node Degree 63
Appendix D.2 Link Length 64
Appendix D.3 Detour Index 65
Appendix D.4 Rectangularity 66
Appendix E Detailed results of modified networks 67
Appendix E.1 Europe 67
Appendix E.2 Anglo America 68
Appendix E.3 Latin America 69
Appendix E.4 Asia 70
Appendix E.5 Africa 71
Appendix E.6 Germany 72 / Räumliche und topografische Eigenschaften urbaner Straßennetzwerke sind in der Ver-gangenheit vielfältig untersucht wurden. Keine der bisherigen Studien hat jedoch eine umfassende Anzahl weltweiter Städte auf ihre Netzwerkeigenschaften untersucht. In dieser Arbeit werden jeweils 20 Großstädte aus 5 Kontinenten analysiert. Knotengrad, Kantenlängen, kürzeste Pfade, Detour Index sowie die Rechtwinkligkeit werden schritt-weise untersucht, um die Netzwerke zu charakterisieren und voneinander zu differen-zieren. Während die meisten Netzwerkmaße große Unterscheide von Kontinent zu Kon-tinent aufweisen, lassen sich beim Detour Index, welcher ein Maß für die Effizienz im Netzwerk dient, bemerkenswerte Gemeinsamkeiten in allen Regionen unabhängig von der räumlichen Netzwerkstruktur feststellen. Es wird gezeigt, dass die Effizienz in eini-gen Städten hauptsächlich durch ein Teilnetz von Hauptstraßen getragen wird, während sie anderswo auf einer Balance zwischen Haupt- und Nebenstraßen beruht. Vor allem in der Struktur von Nebenstraßennetzwerken kann Rechtwinkligkeit festgestellt werden, während gleichzeitig wird, dass letztere in keinem trivialen Zusammenhang mit dem Knotengrad steht.:Table of Contents
List of Figures V
List of Tables VI
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
Chapter 2 Preliminaries 4
2.1 Complex Networks 4
2.2 Network Characteristics 5
2.2.1 Node Degree 5
2.2.2 Link Length 6
2.2.3 Shortest Path Length 7
2.2.4 Detour Index 7
2.2.5 Rectangularity 8
2.3 Data 11
2.3.1 Data Source and Analyzed Cities 11
2.3.2 Data Structure 12
2.3.3 Data Quality 14
2.4 Data Preprocessing 15
2.4.1 Removal of Dead Ends 16
2.4.2 Removal of Transient Nodes 17
2.4.3 Merging of Multi-Node Intersections and Roads with Separated Lanes 17
2.5 Network Modifications 20
Chapter 3 Results and Discussion 23
3.1 Unmodified Networks 23
3.1.1 Node Degree 23
3.1.2 Link Length 25
3.1.3 Network Efficiency 28
3.1.4 Rectangularity 30
3.2 Modified Networks and Comparison to Unmodified Networks 36
3.2.1 Node Degree 37
3.2.2 Link Length 39
3.2.3 Network Efficiency 41
3.2.4 Rectangularity 46
Chapter 4 Conclusion and Outlook 49
References 51
Appendix A Detailed Results of Unmodified Networks 55
Appendix A.1 Europe 55
Appendix A.2 Anglo America 56
Appendix A.3 Latin America 57
Appendix A.4 Asia 58
Appendix A.5 Africa 59
Appendix A.6 Germany 60
Appendix B Corrupted Networks due to Merging of Intersections with Radius 50 m 61
Appendix C Modification 2 62
Appendix D Spatial Distributions of Network Measures 63
Appendix D.1 Node Degree 63
Appendix D.2 Link Length 64
Appendix D.3 Detour Index 65
Appendix D.4 Rectangularity 66
Appendix E Detailed results of modified networks 67
Appendix E.1 Europe 67
Appendix E.2 Anglo America 68
Appendix E.3 Latin America 69
Appendix E.4 Asia 70
Appendix E.5 Africa 71
Appendix E.6 Germany 72
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:DRESDEN/oai:qucosa:de:qucosa:29506 |
| Date | 25 May 2016 |
| Creators | Otto, Michael |
| Contributors | Donner, Reik, Okhrin, Ostap, Technische Universität Dresden |
| Source Sets | Hochschulschriftenserver (HSSS) der SLUB Dresden |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | doc-type:masterThesis, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis, doc-type:Text |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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