by Chan Hiu-wai. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 123-133). / Text in English; abstracts in English and Chinese. / by Chan Hiu-wai. / Acknowledgements --- p.i / Abstract --- p.ii / List of Figures --- p.x / List of Tables --- p.xiii / List of Abbreviations --- p.xv / Page / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- The chemical class: Phthalate esters --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate --- p.2 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Characteristics of DEHP --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Production and applications --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- Environmental releases and environmental fate --- p.8 / Chapter 1.2.4 --- Toxicity of DEHP --- p.8 / Chapter 1.2.4.1 --- Mammalian toxicity --- p.9 / Chapter 1.2.4.2 --- Toxicity to aquatic organisms --- p.10 / Chapter 1.2.5 --- Regulations --- p.10 / Chapter 1.3 --- Conventional technologies for DEHP removal --- p.11 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Biodegradation --- p.11 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Coagulation --- p.11 / Chapter 1.3.3 --- Adsorption --- p.11 / Chapter 1.4 --- Innovative technologies for DEHP removal --- p.12 / Chapter 1.4.1 --- Biosorption --- p.13 / Chapter 1.4.1.1 --- Definition of biosorption --- p.13 / Chapter 1.4.1.2 --- Mechanisms --- p.13 / Chapter 1.4.1.3 --- Selection of biosorbents --- p.17 / Chapter 1.4.1.4 --- Assessment of biosorption performance --- p.21 / Chapter a. --- Batch adsorption experiments --- p.21 / Chapter b. --- Modeling of biosorption --- p.21 / Chapter 1.4.1.5 --- Recovery of biosorbents --- p.23 / Chapter 1.4.1.6 --- Development of biosorption process --- p.23 / Chapter 1.4.1.7 --- Seaweeds as biosorbents --- p.24 / Chapter 1.4.2 --- Advanced oxidation processes --- p.27 / Chapter 1.4.3 --- Heterogeneous photocatalytic oxidation --- p.30 / Chapter 1.4.3.1 --- Photocatalyst --- p.30 / Chapter 1.4.3.2 --- General mechanisms --- p.31 / Chapter 1.4.3.3 --- Influencing parameters in PCO --- p.33 / Chapter 1.4.3.4 --- Enhanced performance by addition of hydrogen peroxide --- p.33 / Chapter 2 --- Objectives --- p.36 / Chapter 3 --- Materials and Methods --- p.38 / Chapter 3.1 --- Chemical reagents --- p.38 / Chapter 3.2 --- Biosorption of DEHP by seaweed biomass --- p.39 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Biosorbents --- p.39 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Determination method of DEHP --- p.39 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Batch adsorption experiments --- p.44 / Chapter 3.2.3.1 --- Screening of potential biomass --- p.44 / Chapter 3.2.3.2 --- Characterization of beached seaweed and S. siliquastrum --- p.44 / Chapter a. --- Total organic carbon (TOC) content --- p.44 / Chapter b. --- Leaching of biomass components --- p.45 / Chapter 3.2.3.3 --- Combined effect of pH and biomass concentration --- p.45 / Chapter 3.2.3.4 --- Effect of retention time --- p.45 / Chapter 3.2.3.5 --- Effect of agitation rate --- p.45 / Chapter 3.2.3.6 --- Effect of temperature --- p.46 / Chapter 3.2.3.7 --- Effect of particle size --- p.46 / Chapter 3.2.3.8 --- Effect of DEHP concentration --- p.46 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- Recovery of adsorbed DEHP from seaweed biomass --- p.47 / Chapter 3.2.4.1 --- Screening for suitable desorbing agents --- p.47 / Chapter 3.2.4.2 --- Multiple adsorption-desorption cycles --- p.47 / Chapter 3.2.5 --- Statistical analysis --- p.43 / Chapter 3.3 --- Photocatalytic oxidation --- p.48 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Photocatalytic reactor --- p.48 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Optimization of reaction conditions --- p.48 / Chapter 3.3.2.1 --- Effect of reaction time --- p.48 / Chapter 3.3.2.2 --- Effect of initial pH --- p.51 / Chapter 3.3.2.3 --- Effect of Ti02 concentration --- p.51 / Chapter 3.3.2.4 --- Effect of UV intensity --- p.52 / Chapter 3.3.2.5 --- Effect of H202 concentration --- p.52 / Chapter 3.3.2.6 --- Effect of initial DEHP concentration and irradiation time --- p.52 / Chapter 3.3.2.7 --- Statistical analysis --- p.52 / Chapter 3.3.4 --- Determination of mineralization of DEHP by analyzing total Organic carbon (TOC) content --- p.53 / Chapter 3.3.5 --- Identification of intermediate products of DEHP --- p.53 / Chapter 3.3.6 --- Evaluation for the toxicity of DEHP and intermediate products --- p.53 / Chapter 3.3.6.1 --- Microtox® test --- p.53 / Chapter 3.3.6.2 --- Amphipod survival test --- p.55 / Chapter 3.4 --- Feasibility of combining biosorption and photocatalyic oxidation as an Integrated treatment for DEHP --- p.57 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Effect of algal extract on photocatalytic oxidation of DEHP --- p.57 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Determination of mineralization of algal extract by analyzing total organic carbon (TOC) --- p.57 / Chapter 4 --- Results --- p.58 / Chapter 4.1 --- Determination method of DEHP --- p.58 / Chapter 4.2 --- Biosorption --- p.58 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Batch adsorption experiments --- p.58 / Chapter 4.2.1.1 --- Screening of potential biomass --- p.58 / Chapter 4.2.1.2 --- Characterization of beached seaweed and S. siliquastrum --- p.61 / Chapter a. --- Total organic carbon (TOC) content --- p.61 / Chapter b. --- Leaching properties --- p.61 / Chapter 4.2.1.3 --- Combined effect of pH and biomass concentration --- p.61 / Chapter 4.2.1.4 --- Effect of retention time --- p.74 / Chapter 4.2.1.5 --- Effect of agitation rate --- p.74 / Chapter 4.2.1.6 --- Effect of temperature --- p.74 / Chapter 4.2.1.7 --- Effect of particle size --- p.74 / Chapter 4.2.1.8 --- Effect of initial DEHP concentration: Modeling by Langmuir and Freundlich adsorptin isotherm --- p.79 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Recovery of adsorbed DEHP by seaweed biomass --- p.84 / Chapter 4.2.2.1 --- Screening for suitable desorbing agents --- p.84 / Chapter 4.2.2.2 --- Multiple adsorption-desorption cycles --- p.84 / Chapter 4.3 --- Photocatalytic oxidation --- p.90 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Optimization of reaction conditions --- p.90 / Chapter 4.3.1.1 --- Effect of reaction time --- p.90 / Chapter 4.3.1.2 --- Effect of initial pH --- p.90 / Chapter 4.3.1.3 --- Effect of TiO2 concentration --- p.90 / Chapter 4.3.1.4 --- Effect of UV intensity --- p.90 / Chapter 4.3.1.5 --- Effect of H2O2 concentration --- p.95 / Chapter 4.3.1.6 --- Effect of initial DEHP and irradiation time --- p.95 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Determination of mineralization of DEHP by analyzing total organic carbon (TOC) --- p.95 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- Identification of intermediate products of DEHP --- p.95 / Chapter 4.3.4 --- Evaluation for the toxicity of DEHP and the intermediate products --- p.102 / Chapter 4.3.4.1 --- Microtox® test --- p.102 / Chapter 4.3.4.2 --- Amphipod survival test --- p.102 / Chapter 4.4 --- Feasibility of combining biosorption and photocatalytic oxidation as an integrated treatment for DEHP --- p.102 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- Effect of algal extract on photocatalytic oxidation of DEHP --- p.102 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- Determination of mineralization of algal extract by analyzing total organic carbon (TOC) --- p.103 / Chapter 5 --- Discussion --- p.108 / Chapter 5.1 --- Determination method of DEHP --- p.108 / Chapter 5.2 --- Biosorption --- p.108 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Batch adsorption experiments --- p.108 / Chapter 5.2.1.1 --- Screening of potential biomass --- p.108 / Chapter 5.2.1.2 --- Characteristic of S. siliquastrum and beached seaweed --- p.109 / Chapter 5.2.1.3 --- Combined effect of pH and biomass concentration --- p.109 / Chapter 5.2.1.4 --- Effect of retention time --- p.111 / Chapter 5.2.1.5 --- Effect of agitation rate --- p.111 / Chapter 5.2.1.6 --- Effect of temperature --- p.111 / Chapter 5.2.1.7 --- Effect of particle size --- p.112 / Chapter 5.2.1.8 --- Effect of initial DEHP concentration: Modeling of Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms --- p.112 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Recovery of adsorbed DEHP by seaweed biomass --- p.114 / Chapter 5.2.2.1 --- Screening for suitable desorbing agents --- p.114 / Chapter 5.2.2.2 --- Multiple adsorption-desorption cycles --- p.115 / Chapter 5.3 --- Photocatalytic oxidation --- p.115 / Chapter 5.3.1 --- Optimization of reaction conditions --- p.115 / Chapter 5.3.1.1 --- Effect of reaction time --- p.115 / Chapter 5.3.1.2 --- Effect of pH --- p.116 / Chapter 5.3.1.3 --- Effect of TiO2 concentration --- p.116 / Chapter 5.3.1.4 --- Effect of UV intensity --- p.116 / Chapter 5.3.1.5 --- Effect of H2O2 concentration --- p.117 / Chapter 5.3.1.6 --- Effect of DEHP concentration and irradiation time --- p.117 / Chapter 5.3.2 --- Determination of mineralization of DEHP by analyzing total organic carbon (TOC) --- p.117 / Chapter 5.3.3 --- Identification of intermediate products of DEHP --- p.118 / Chapter 5.3.4 --- Evaluation for the toxicity of DEHP and the intermediate products --- p.119 / Chapter 5.4 --- Feasibility of combining biosorption and photocatalytic oxidation as an integrated treatment for DEHP --- p.119 / Chapter 6 --- Conclusions --- p.121 / Chapter 7 --- References --- p.123
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:cuhk.edu.hk/oai:cuhk-dr:cuhk_324079 |
| Date | January 2002 |
| Contributors | Chan, Hiu-wai., Chinese University of Hong Kong Graduate School. Division of Biology. |
| Source Sets | The Chinese University of Hong Kong |
| Language | English, Chinese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Text, bibliography |
| Format | print, xvi, 133 leaves : ill. (some col.) ; 30 cm. |
| Rights | Use of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) |
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