Master of Science / Department of Animal Sciences and Industry / James M. Lattimer / Three experiments were conducted to determine the impact of novel probiotic (NP) supplementation in monogastric livestock and poultry. Experiment 1 evaluated effects of the probiotic on growth performance and cecal parameters in broiler chickens (n = 2520). Birds in treatment groups 1 and 2 were administered NP culture as either an oral gavage (OG) or an aerosolized mist (AM), respectively. Treatment group 3 served as a negative control (C). Growth performance and feed efficiency (FE) were unaffected by treatment (P > 0.10). Cecal pH was reduced in AM and OG birds compared to C (P < 0.05). This novel probiotic is most effective in altering cecal VFA profile before d 21 post-administration, after which no differences in VFA concentrations were detected between treatments. Reduction in cecal pH in response to NP indicates potential application of this probiotic as an acidifier, commonly used in poultry production as an antibiotic alternative. Experiment 2 was a swine performance study conducted to determine effects of treating sows or piglets or both with an oral gavage of NP. Factor 1 consisted of administration of NP oral gavage administered to sows or a negative control (n = 28). Factor 2 consisted of either a negative control or oral gavage of NP administered to litters of piglets shortly after birth and at weaning. Sow weight loss during lactation was unaffected by treatment (P > 0.10). Feed intake upon introduction to the nursery was greater in piglets that received NP directly than those that did not (P < 0.05). Large intestinal fermentation in both sows and piglets was affected by NP administration. Fecal VFA concentrations tended to be greater in animals that received NP either indirectly through the sow or directly via oral gavage (P < 0.05). Direct supplementation of piglets with NP is more effective in altering fermentation after d 21 than indirect administration, as VFA concentrations in piglets that received NP indirectly are similar to the control by d 28. Butyrate concentrations were greater in piglets that received NP; this VFA is important in prevention of intestinal atrophy and recovery from physiological stress of weaning. Experiment 3 examined effects of NP administered as either an oral drench (OD) or a lyophilized powder (LP) on equine cecal fermentation compared to a negative control (NC). Cecally cannulated horses (n = 8) were transitioned to a 1:1 roughage to concentrate diet over a period of 5 d. Cecal pH was greater than NC in OD and LP horses on d 5 and d 7, respectively (P < 0.10). Acetate:propionate ratio, valerate, and caproate concentrations also were greater in LP horses than NC on d 7 (P < 0.05). This may indicate improved gut health and fiber digestion in supplemented horses. The novel probiotic used in these studies is able to effectively alter large intestinal fermentation in monogastric species and may have potential to improve gut health and performance of these species.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:KSU/oai:krex.k-state.edu:2097/36248 |
| Date | January 1900 |
| Creators | Scaletti, Ciana M. |
| Publisher | Kansas State University |
| Source Sets | K-State Research Exchange |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Thesis |
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