Thesis (M Sport Sc (Sport Science)--University of Stellenbosch, 2010. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Knee injuries are common among the physically active population and are
often severe enough that it requires surgery. Rehabilitation specialists are on
the constant look-out for the most efficient and cost-effective treatment
alternatives to provide athletes with an early return to sport. The inclusion of
backward locomotion in knee rehabilitation programs has been proposed
since it is considered a safe closed kinetic chain exercise which has been
found to increase quadriceps strength and power as well as cardiorespiratory
fitness.
The primary aim of the study was to establish the efficacy of backward
locomotion training during a knee rehabilitation program.
Thirty nine men and women (aged 18 to 59 years) with knee pathologies
volunteered for the study and were randomly assigned to the experimental
group (EXP, n = 20) and control group (CON, n = 19). All participants
underwent a 24 session knee rehabilitation program which included 20 – 30
minutes of cardiorespiratory training, either in backward mode (EXP), or
forward mode (CON). Aerobic fitness, quadriceps and hamstrings strength
and power, single leg balance, lower limb circumferences, and lower limb
flexibility were measured before and after the rehabilitation program.
Backward locomotion training resulted in a borderline statistical significant
improvement in ventilatory threshold (VT) (p = 0.07) and a statistical
significant improvement in peak power output (PPO) (p < 0.05). The VT and
PPO of the backward locomotion group increased by 9 and 14%, respectively,
compared to 0 and 4% in the forward locomotion group. Both groups showed
statistically significant improvements in quadriceps and hamstrings strength,
except the quadriceps of the uninvolved leg of the forward locomotion group.
Similarly, both groups showed a statistically significant improvement in
quadriceps and hamstrings average power, except the quadriceps of the uninvolved leg of the forward locomotion group. Single leg balance of the
involved and uninvolved legs improved statistically significantly in both groups
(p < 0.05). The differences in change between the two interventions were not
statistically significantly different (p > 0.05) and the practical differences were
small (ES ± 0.2). No statistically significant differences in the change in leg
circumferences were observed between the two groups. Only the change in
flexibility of the involved soleus was significantly different between the EXP
and CON groups.
The results show that backward locomotion training result in greater
improvements in aerobic fitness and equal or greater improvements in
quadriceps and hamstrings muscle strength and power, compared to forward
locomotion training. Backward locomotion as well as forward locomotion
contributes to the recovery of knee injuries, however, the practical significance
of backward locomotion is greater than for forward locomotion. The conclusion
of this is that backward locomotion is a better alternative rehabilitation
program for athletes as this will affect a quicker return to their sport. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Kniebeserings kom algemeen voor in die fisiek aktiewe bevolking en is
dikwels so ernstig dat dit chirurgie vereis. Rehabilitasie-spesialiste is
voortdurend op soek na die mees doeltreffende en koste-effektiewe alternatief
vir behandeling om die atlete vinnig te laat terugkeer na hul sport. Die
insluiting van agteruitbeweging in knie-rehabilitasieprogramme is al in die
verlede voorgestel, aangesien dit beskou word as 'n veilige geslote-kinetieseketting
oefening wat al geskik bevind is om quadriceps sterkte en krag, asook
kardiorespiratoriese fiksheid te verbeter.
Die hoofdoel van die studie was om die effektiwiteit van agteruitbewegingoefening
in 'n knierehabilitasieprogram te bepaal.
Nege-en-dertig mans en vroue (tussen die ouderdom van 18 en 59 jaar) met
kniepatologieë het vrywillig ingestem om aan die studie deel te neem en is
lukraak verdeel in die eksperimentele groep (EXP, n = 20) en kontrole groep
(CON, n = 19). Alle deelnemers het 24 sessies voltooi waarvan 20 – 30
minute kardiorespiratoriese oefeninge was. Dit het óf in die agteruitrigting
(EXP), óf vorentoe-rigting (CON) plaasgevind. Aërobiese fiksheid, quadriceps
en hamstrings sterkte en krag, eenbeenbalans, omtrekke van die onderste
ledemaat, en soepelheid van die onderste ledemaat is gemeet, voor en na die
rehabilitasieprogram.
Agteruitbeweging-oefening het 'n geringe verbetering in ventilatoriese
draaipunt (VT) (p = 0.07) opgelewer wat grens aan 'n statisties betekenisvolle
verbetering, asook 'n statisties betekenisvolle verbetering in piek kraguitset
(PPO) (p <0.05). Die VT en PPO van die agteruitbeweging groep het
onderskeidelik verbeter met 9 en 14%, in vergelyking met 0 en 4% in die
vorentoe-beweging groep. Beide groepe het statisties betekenisvolle
verbeteringe in quadriceps en hamstrings sterkte getoon, behalwe die
quadriceps van die onbeseerde been van die vorentoe-beweging groep. Soortgelyk daaraan het beide groepe statisties betekenisvolle verbeteringe in
quadriceps en hamstrings gemiddelde krag getoon, behalwe die quadriceps
van die onbeseerde been van die vorentoe-beweging groep. Eenbeenbalans
van die beseerde en onbeseerde bene het statisties betekenisvol verbeter in
beide groepe (p < 0.05). Die verskil in verandering tussen die twee
intervensies was nie statisties betekenisvol verskillend nie en die praktiese
verskil was klein (ES ± 0.2). Geen statisties betekenisvolle verskille is
waargeneem tussen die twee groepe in die verandering in beenomtrekke nie.
Slegs die soepelheid van die beseerde soleus van die EXP groep het
statisties betekenisvol verbeter tussen die twee groepe.
Die resultate toon dat agteruitbeweging-oefening tot groter verbetering gelei
het in aërobiese fiksheid en gelyke of groter verbetering in quadriceps en
hamstrings sterkte en krag, in vergelyking met vorentoe-beweging oefening.
Agteruitbeweging-oefening sowel as vorentoe-beweging oefening dra by tot
die herstel van kniebeserings, maar die praktiese beduidendheid van
agteruitbeweging-oefening is groter as vorentoe-beweging oefening. Die
gevolgtrekking van die studie is dat agteruitbeweging 'n beter alternatiewe
rehabilitasieprogram vir atlete is, met 'n gevolglike vinniger terugkeer na hul
sport.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:netd.ac.za/oai:union.ndltd.org:sun/oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/5392 |
| Date | 12 1900 |
| Creators | Brink, Marisa |
| Contributors | Terblanche, Elmarie, University of Stellenbosch. Faculty of Education. Dept. of Sport Science. |
| Publisher | Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch |
| Source Sets | South African National ETD Portal |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Thesis |
| Format | 108 p. : ill. |
| Rights | University of Stellenbosch |
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