In many tumors, persistently-active signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) imparts several oncogenic features such as survival, proliferation, angiogenesis, and immune escape. Therefore, STAT3 targeting in cancer and cancer-exposed dendritic cells (DCs) is important for cancer therapy. Our objective is developing delivery modalities of STAT3-targeting small interfering RNA (siRNA) using lipid-modified polyethylenimine (PEI) polyplexes and poly(D,L lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs), and evaluating the therapeutic outcomes in vitro and in vivo. Significant increase in siRNA condensation, protection, and cellular uptake by B16.F10 melanoma was seen by stearic-acid-modified PEI (PEI-StA) compared to unmodified PEI. Moreover, PEI-StA increased the STAT3 silencing potency of siRNA compared to PEI. STAT3 knockdown was accompanied with significant induction of interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion and reduction of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production and cytotoxicity evidenced by increased Caspase 3 activity in vitro and in vivo, and significant inhibition in tumor growth. Analysis of tumor microenvironment showed CD3+ cells infiltration corresponding to STAT3 knockdown. The levels of CD4+ helper cells, CD8+ cytotoxic cells, and NKT cells significantly increased. DC infiltration and activation significantly increased in tumor mass following STAT3 knockdown as evidenced by high expression of CD86 and CD40. Moreover, IFN-, IL-12, and TNF- significantly increased following STAT3 knockdown by PEI-StA compared to PEI, suggesting Th1-type immunity. Allogenic capacity of DCs isolated from siRNA-treated mice was evidenced by the high T cell proliferation and IL-2 production in mixed lymphocytes reaction (MLR). Then, we explored STAT3 knockdown in DCs exposed to tumor derived factors (TDFs). We investigated encapsulation of siRNA complexes (PEI or PEI-StA) into PLGA NPs (PLGA-P and PLGA-PS). PLGA-P and PLGA-PS had an average diameter of ~ 370 nm and zeta potential of ~ -16 mV. Uptake and endosomal localization was confirmed. After TDFs exposure, DCs showed high STAT3 and low CD86 expression. STAT3 silencing by PLGA-P and PLGA-PS restored DC functionality as evidenced by upregulation of CD86, IL-12, and TNF- and MLR activity. PLGA significantly reduced PEI-associated toxicity. Therefore, STAT3 targeting in B16 cells by siRNA polyplexes of PEI and PEI-StA, or in DCs by PLGA-P and PLGA-PS provide potential strategies for cancer therapy. / Pharmaceutical Sciences
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:LACETR/oai:collectionscanada.gc.ca:AEU.10048/1206 |
| Date | 11 1900 |
| Creators | Alshamsan, Aws |
| Contributors | El-Kadi, Ayman (Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences), Lavasanifar, Afsaneh (Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences), Suresh, Mavanur R. (Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences), Uluda, Hasan (Chemical and Materials Engineering), Unsworth, Larry D. (Chemical and Materials Engineering), Nazarali, Adil (Division of Pharmacy, University of Saskatchewan) |
| Source Sets | Library and Archives Canada ETDs Repository / Centre d'archives des thèses électroniques de Bibliothèque et Archives Canada |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Thesis |
| Format | 3044874 bytes, application/pdf |
| Relation | Alshamsan, Aws; Mol Pharm. 2009 Jan-Feb;6(1):121-33, Alshamsan, Aws; Biomaterials. 2010 Feb;31(6):1420-8, Alshamsan, Aws; J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2010 Feb 2;13(1):21-6 |
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