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Previous issue date: 2016-11-10 / This study analyzes the civil liability for environmental damages based on an economic
approach. It is focused on the possibility of preventing further environmental damages in an
efficient manner by inducing social behaviors aimed at maximizing social welfare. The
hypothesis of this study was based on the belief that it is possible to induce preventive behaviors
through civil liability. However, to make this possible, judges should enforce some measures
when deciding about remedial compensations for environmental damages related to court
proceedings. Their decisions should enforce compliance with some measures such as: full
recovery of the damage caused (internalization of externalities) and, as a behavioral
encouragement, the person responsible for the damage should pay an indemnity for collective
moral damages and the decision should be disclosed. Therefore, the person responsible for the
damage should not only pay for the social cost, but also for other costs, such as collective moral
damage and public damage to his/her image, which, combined with the first cost, can contribute
to the preventive purpose. This hypothesis was confirmed based on the data collected in an
empirical research. Thus, to make civil liability efficient in terms of prevention of
environmental damage, there is need to use people???s loss aversion to encourage
environmentally beneficial decisions in risky situations. And to make sure that this behavioral
encouragement is effective, loss aversion should be expanded with the disclosure of the court
decision in the press, exploiting the availability heuristics and/or the anchoring effect of the
members of society, to achieve the result of a decision that benefits social improvement
(environmental and social welfare). / Trata-se de trabalho que examina a responsabilidade civil ambiental a partir de uma abordagem
econ??mica, com foco em sua aptid??o para a preven????o eficiente de novos danos ao meio
ambiente atrav??s da indu????o de comportamentos sociais destinados ?? maximiza????o do bemestar
social. A hip??tese de pesquisa foi estruturada no sentido de que a indu????o de
comportamentos preventivos via responsabilidade civil ?? poss??vel, mas, para isso, os ju??zes, ao
proferirem decis??es reparat??rias de les??es ambientais em processos judiciais, devem impor o
cumprimento de algumas medidas: a recupera????o integral do dano causado (internaliza????o da
externalidade) e, como incentivo comportamental, a condena????o do respons??vel ao pagamento
de indeniza????o a t??tulo de danos morais coletivos e a publiciza????o da decis??o proferida. Com
isso, transfere-se ao causador do dano n??o s?? a absor????o do custo social produzido, mas tamb??m
outros custos - dano moral coletivo e preju??zo p??blico ?? sua imagem - que, somados ao primeiro,
contribuem para o objetivo preventivo. Conforme dados colhidos em pesquisa emp??rica, essa
hip??tese foi confirmada como verdadeira. A responsabiliza????o civil, para tanto, com o objetivo
de ser preventivamente eficiente, necessariamente dever?? efetuar o aproveitamento da
caracter??stica de avers??o ?? perda presente nas pessoas, mediante seu est??mulo, a fim de
incentivar a tomada de decis??es ambientalmente ben??ficas em situa????es de risco. E para que
este est??mulo comportamental seja efetivo, a avers??o ?? perda deve ser ampliada com a
divulga????o da decis??o judicial na imprensa, explorando a heur??stica da disponibilidade e/ou o
efeito de ancoragem existente nos indiv??duos integrantes da sociedade, de modo a se atingir o
resultado de um processo decis??rio favor??vel ao aprimoramento social (bem-estar ambiental e
social).
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:bdtd.ucb.br:tede/2199 |
| Date | 10 November 2016 |
| Creators | M??ller, Felipe da Silva |
| Contributors | Tabak, Benjamin Miranda |
| Publisher | Universidade Cat??lica de Bras??lia, Programa Strictu Sensu em Direito, UCB, Brasil, Escola de Humanidade e Direito |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UCB, instname:Universidade Católica de Brasília, instacron:UCB |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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