Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-05T10:53:14Z No. of bitstreams: 2 bernardo_murta_salomao.pdf: 765787 bytes, checksum: 15feb0d656e2880a46734eb591340e74 (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-05T11:33:45Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 bernardo_murta_salomao.pdf: 765787 bytes, checksum: 15feb0d656e2880a46734eb591340e74 (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-05T11:33:51Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 bernardo_murta_salomao.pdf: 765787 bytes, checksum: 15feb0d656e2880a46734eb591340e74 (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-05T11:34:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 bernardo_murta_salomao.pdf: 765787 bytes, checksum: 15feb0d656e2880a46734eb591340e74 (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-01-05T11:34:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 bernardo_murta_salomao.pdf: 765787 bytes, checksum: 15feb0d656e2880a46734eb591340e74 (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Instituto Nacional de Ci?ncia e Tecnologia de Ci?ncia Animal (INCT-CA) / Foram avaliados o consumo, as digestibilidades totais e ruminais e as taxas de digest?o (kd) e de passagem (kp) ruminal dos nutrientes de dietas constitu?das de cana-de-a??car in natura e diferentes n?veis de concentrado, bem como o pH e a concentra??o de am?nia ruminal e a efici?ncia microbiana. Foram utilizados cinco bovinos mesti?os Holand?s-Zebu, machos castrados, fistulados no r?men, com peso corporal (PC) m?dio inicial de 300 ? 50 kg, distribu?dos em delineamento experimental em quadrado latino 5 x 5 balanceado para efeito residual. O experimento foi constitu?do de cinco per?odos experimentais, com dura??o de dezesseis dias cada um, sendo oito dias destinados ? adapta??o dos animais ?s dietas e os outros oito para a realiza??o das coletas. As dietas experimentais foram constitu?das de: 1) 100% cana-de-a??car in natura (CA); 2) 80% de CA + 20% de concentrado (C); 3) 60% de CA + 40% de C; 4) 40% de CA + 60% de C e 5) 20% de CA + 80% de C. A cana-de-a??car foi corrigida com ureia/sulfato de am?nio (ureia/SA), na propor??o de 9:1, sendo as dietas isoproteicas (aproximadamente 12% de PB na base da MS). Os dados foram analisados utilizando o procedimento MIXED do SAS (vers?o 9.1), utilizando-se an?lise de regress?o e 5% como n?vel cr?tico de probabilidade para o erro tipo I. O consumo de mat?ria seca (MS), expresso em kg/dia ou g/kg de peso corporal foi influenciado (P<0,05) pelos n?veis de concentrado, estimando-se consumo m?ximo com 63,61 e 75,04%, respectivamente. Os demais consumos calculados em kg/dia tamb?m foram influenciados (P<0,05) pelos n?veis de concentrado, estimando-se consumos m?ximos com 63,21; 63,78; 53,14; 64,31; 32,49; 88,47 e 55,46% de concentrado na dieta, para MO, PB, FDNcp, NDT, FDNi, FDNcpD e CNF, respectivamente. O ponto de m?ximo para as vari?veis expressas em g/kg de peso corporal foi obtido com 56,94; 33,25 e 63,93% de concentrado para FDNcp, FDNi e NDT, respectivamente. O Pool (kg/dia) foi aumentado linearmente ? medida que se elevou os n?veis de concentrado para MS, PB, MO e CNF. Comportamento similar foi observado para ki (h-1) da MS, PB, MO, FDNcp e CNF. As taxas de digest?o (kd h-1) da MS, MO e FDNcp e a taxa de passagem (kp h-1) da PB, aumentaram linearmente com a eleva??o dos n?veis de concentrado na dieta. Estimaram-se m?ximos fluxos omasais (kg/dia) com 52,22; 51,78; 80,83 e 31,45% de concentrado na dieta, respectivamente, para MS, MO, CNF e FDNi. As digestibilidades aparentes (DA) da MS, EE e CNF tamb?m foram influenciadas pelos n?veis de concentrado na dieta. As digestibilidades ruminais da MS e FDN aumentaram linearmente (P<0,05) com a adi??o de n?veis crescentes de concentrado . A efici?ncia microbiana calculada a partir dos derivados de purina na urina n?o foi influenciada (P>0,05) pelos n?veis de concentrado na dieta. Houve intera??o entre tempo e tratamento para o pH ruminal. Para cada tratamento, os valores de pH no l?quido ruminal apresentaram comportamento quadr?tico em fun??o do tempo, estimando-se valores m?nimos de 6,83; 6,78; 6,55; 6,76 e 6,36 nos tempos de 11,29; 8,26; 11,62; 11,09 e 10,31 horas ap?s a alimenta??o para as dietas contendo 0, 20, 40, 60 e 80 % de concentrado, respectivamente. N?o houve efeito de intera??o entre tratamento e tempo e tampouco de tratamento (P>0,05) sobre a concentra??o de N-NH3/100 mL. Mas foi observado efeito quadr?tico de tempo ap?s a alimenta??o (P<0,05), sobre esta vari?vel estimando-se concentra??o m?nima de 9,64 mg de N-NH3 /100 mL ?s 15,9 horas ap?s a alimenta??o. Conclui-se que n?veis pr?ximos de 65% de concentrado resultam em maior ingest?o de energia em dietas contendo cana-de-a??car. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2013. / ABSTRACT Five ruminal cannulated crossbred (Holstein x Zebu) steers with average body weight (BW) of 300 ? 50kg were used to evaluate intake, total and apparent digestibility, ruminal digestion (kd) and passage (kp) rates of nutrients from sugar-cane based diets containing different levels of concentrate as well as its effects on ruminal pH and ammonia concentration, and microbial efficiency. Cattle were assigned into a 5 x 5 Latin Square design balanced for residual effects. The trial was divided into five 16 d experimental periods with 8 days for adaptation to experimental diets and 8 days for sample collection. Experimental treatments were composed of four different diets: 1) 100% of sugar-cane in natura (CA); 2) 80% of sugar-cane + 20% of concentrate; 3) 60% of CA + 40% of C; 4) 40% of CA + 60% of C; 5) 20% of CA + 80% of C. Experimental diets were isoprotein (approximately 12% DM basis) and a mix of urea/ammonium sulphate was used at 9:1ratio to correct the protein level of sugar-cane. A regression analysis was performed using the MIXED procedure of SAS (9.1 version) and significance was considered at P < 0.05. Dry matter intake (DMI) expressed either as kg/day or g/kg of BW was affected (P < 0.05) by concentrate level and the maximum intake was estimated to be at 63.61 and 75.04% of concentrate, respectively. Intake (kg/day) of OM, CP, NDFap, TDN, iNDF, digestible NDFap (NDFapD), and NFC were affected by concentrate level (P < 0.05) and their maximum intake was estimated to be at 63.21; 63.78; 53.14; 64.31; 32.49; 88.47 e 55.46% of concentrate, respectively. The ruminal pool size of DM, CP, OM, and NFC increased linearly as the dietary levels of concentrate increased. Similarly, ki (h-1) DM, CP, OM, NDFap, and NFC has also increased as the dietary levels of concentrate increased. The digestion rates (kg h-1) of DM, OM, and NDFap as well as the passage rate (kg h-1) of CP increased linearly as the dietary levels of concentrate increased. The maximum omasal flux (kg/day) of DM, OM, NFC, and iNDF were estimated to be at 52.22; 51.78; 80.83; and 31.45% of dietary concentrate, respectively. Apparent digestibility of DM, EE, and NFC was also linearly enhanced (P < 0.05) with the increase of concentrate levels. Microbial efficiency calculated from urinary purine derivates was not affected (P > 0.05) by the concentrate levels evaluated. An interaction of sampling time and dietary treatment was observed for ruminal pH. A quadratic effect across sampling time was observed for each experimental treatment the ruminal fluid pH where the estimation of the minimum values was 6.83; 6.78; 6.55; 6.76; and 6.36 for 11.29; 8.26; 11.62; 11.09; and 10.31 hours after feeding for diets containing 0, 20, 60, and 80% of concentrate, respectively. No interaction was observed (P > 0.05) among dietary treatments and sampling time for concentration of N-NH3/100 mL. Indeed, no effects (P > 0.05) of dietary treatments on ruminal concentration of N-NH3/100 mL. However, a quadratic effect (P < 0.05) was observed for time after feeding with the minimum concentration of 9.64 mg of N-NH3/100mL was estimated to be obtained at 15.9 hours after feeding. The data suggests that levels up to 65% of concentrate result in greater energy intake by cattle fed sugarcane based diets.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-05T11:11:47Z No. of bitstreams: 2 bruno_fagundes_cunha_lage.pdf: 500088 bytes, checksum: c6c7ee8d7a1c8ed90bce2cdb773607f3 (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-05T11:35:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 bruno_fagundes_cunha_lage.pdf: 500088 bytes, checksum: c6c7ee8d7a1c8ed90bce2cdb773607f3 (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-05T11:36:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 bruno_fagundes_cunha_lage.pdf: 500088 bytes, checksum: c6c7ee8d7a1c8ed90bce2cdb773607f3 (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-01-05T11:36:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 bruno_fagundes_cunha_lage.pdf: 500088 bytes, checksum: c6c7ee8d7a1c8ed90bce2cdb773607f3 (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-31 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Objetivou-se, com o presente estudo, estabelecer rela??es entre comportamento alimentar, temperamento e consumo alimentar residual em bovinos Nelore, na fase p?s-desmame, submetidos ao confinamento. Foram utilizados 85 machos Nelore desmamados, em confinamento coletivo, durante 119 dias, sendo os 28 primeiros para adapta??o ? dieta e ao ambiente. O CAR foi calculado pela diferen?a entre o consumo observado e o predito, baseado no ganho de peso m?dio di?rio e no peso vivo metab?lico, sendo classificados como alto CAR (>m?dia + 0,5 DP), m?dio CAR (? 0,5 DP da m?dia) e baixo CAR (<m?dia ? 0,5 DP). A compara??o de m?dias foi realizada pelo teste t-Student. Foram estimadas correla??es de Pearson entre caracter?sticas de comportamento alimentar, temperamento, CAR e classes de GMD. As caracter?sticas de comportamento alimentar tempo de perman?ncia no cocho (TPC), tempo de cabe?a baixa (CB) e frequ?ncia de visitas (FV) foram mensuradas a partir de um sistema de monitoramento eletr?nico, que registra padr?es individuais de alimenta??o, GrowSafe System?. O temperamento foi avaliado atrav?s da velocidade de sa?da (VS), escore composto (EC) e reatividade. N?o houve rela??o do CAR com peso inicial (PI), peso final (PF) e GMD. Em m?dia, animais classificados como baixo CAR apresentaram CMS 24,8% inferior aos animais alto CAR. Animais alto CAR permaneceram mais tempo no cocho, passaram mais tempo de cabe?a baixa e apresentaram maior taxa de alimenta??o (TA) comparados aos animais baixo CAR. No entanto, nenhuma diferen?a foi encontrada para FV. O PF, PI, CMS influenciaram o GMD dos animais. Foram estimadas correla??es significativas entre TPC, CB, TA e CAR (P<0,05), no entanto, n?o foi observada correla??o entre FV e CAR. O TPC e a FV n?o variou para animais de diferentes classes de GMD. Animais classificados como alto GMD apresentaram maior CB e TA, frente aos animais baixo GMD. Correla??es significativas foram encontradas para CB, TA e GMD, mas n?o para TPC, FV e GMD. A ?nica caracter?stica de temperamento que apresentou varia??o quanto ?s classes de CAR foi VS., e, com rela??o ?s classes de GMD, nenhuma caracter?stica temperamento apresentou diferen?a significativa. Foi estimada correla??o significativa entre VS e CAR. As demais medidas de temperamento n?o se relacionaram com CAR ou GMD. CAR ? independente GMD e pesos inicial e final. Caracter?sticas de comportamento alimentar relacionam-se com CAR. O GMD est? relacionado com a agilidade em ingerir alimento. As rela??es entre temperamento e CAR e classes de GMD necessitam de mais estudos. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2013. / ABSTRACT The objective of the present study was to establish relationships between feeding behavior, temperament and residual feed intake in Nellore the post-weaning under feedlot. It were used 85 male Nellore weaned feedlot during 119 days, being the first 28 days for adaptation of diet and environment. The RFI was calculated by the difference between the observed and predicted consumption, based on average daily weight gain and metabolic live weight being classified as high RFI (average > 0,5 + SD), medium RFI (? 0,5 SD of the mean) and low RFI (average < 0,5 SD). The comparison of means was performed by test t-Student. Were estimated Pearson correlations between feeding behavior traits, temperament, RFI and classes of GMD. The characteristics of feeding behavior time at feeder (TF), time to head down (HD) and frequency of visits (FV) were measured from an electronic monitoring system that records individual patterns of feeding, the GrowSafe System?. Temperament was assessed by ouput speed (OS), composite score (CS) and reactivity. There was no relationship among the RFI with initial weight (IW), final weight (FW) and ADG. On average, animals classified as low RFI showed CMS 24.8% less than the high RFI animals. High RFI animals spent more time in the trough, spent more time of head down and had higher feed rate (FR) compared to low RFI animals. However, no difference was found for FV. The IW, FW, DMI influenced the ADG of the animals. Significant correlations were estimated between TF, HD, FR and RFI (P <0.05), however, there was no correlation between FV and RFI. The TF and FV did not vary for different classes of GMD. Animals classified as high ADG showed higher HD and FR, compared to animals low GMD. Significant correlations were found for HD, FR and ADG, but not for TF, FV and ADG. The only feature of temperament showed variation in the classes of RFI was FS. And with respect to classes of ADG, no characteristic temperament showed a significant difference. It was estimated correlation between FS and RFI. The other measures of temperament were unrelated RFI or GMD. RFI is independent of ADG and initial and final weight. Characteristics of feeding behavior relate to RFI. The ADG is related with the agility to ingest food. Relations between temperament and RFI classes of ADG require further studies.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-13T12:35:30Z No. of bitstreams: 2 rodrigo_cornelio_oliveira_ribeiro.pdf: 711572 bytes, checksum: c4454fe2873e1d90209ede8fc33ae5f3 (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-13T12:36:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 rodrigo_cornelio_oliveira_ribeiro.pdf: 711572 bytes, checksum: c4454fe2873e1d90209ede8fc33ae5f3 (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-13T12:36:29Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 rodrigo_cornelio_oliveira_ribeiro.pdf: 711572 bytes, checksum: c4454fe2873e1d90209ede8fc33ae5f3 (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-13T12:36:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 rodrigo_cornelio_oliveira_ribeiro.pdf: 711572 bytes, checksum: c4454fe2873e1d90209ede8fc33ae5f3 (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-13T12:37:09Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 rodrigo_cornelio_oliveira_ribeiro.pdf: 711572 bytes, checksum: c4454fe2873e1d90209ede8fc33ae5f3 (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-01-13T12:37:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 rodrigo_cornelio_oliveira_ribeiro.pdf: 711572 bytes, checksum: c4454fe2873e1d90209ede8fc33ae5f3 (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Instituto Nacional de Ci?ncia e Tecnologia de Ci?ncia Animal (INCT-CA) / Um experimento foi realizado com o objetivo de estimar o consumo, a digestibilidade total e as taxas de digest?o (kd) e de passagem (kp) ruminal dos nutrientes de dietas constitu?das exclusivamente por volumosos. Avaliaram-se tamb?m algumas equa??es para predizer a digestibilidade da fibra destes alimentos para bovinos de corte. Foram utilizados cinco bovinos mesti?os Holand?s x Zebu, machos n?o castrados, fistulados no r?men, com peso corporal (PC) m?dio inicial de 458,5 ? 32,5 kg, distribu?dos em delineamento experimental em quadrado latino 5 x 5 balanceado para efeito residual. O experimento foi constitu?do de cinco per?odos experimentais, com dura??o de dezesseis dias cada um, sendo sete dias destinados ? adapta??o dos animais ?s dietas e os outros nove para a realiza??o das coletas. As dietas experimentais foram constitu?das de cinco volumosos, sendo utilizadas as silagens de milho (SM, Zea mays, L.), de capim-elefante (SCE, Pennisetum purpureum Schum) e de capim-braqui?ria (SCB, Brachiaria decumbens), a cana-de-a??car in natura (CA, Saccharum officinarum L.) e o feno de capim-tifton 85 (TF85, Cynodon spp.). Utilizou-se a mistura de ureia/sulfato de am?nio na propor??o de 9:1 para manter as dietas isoproteicas (11% de PB). Os dados foram analisados utilizando o procedimento MIXED do SAS (vers?o 9.1), utilizando-se o teste de Tukey e 0,05 como n?vel cr?tico de probabilidade para o erro tipo I. O consumo de mat?ria seca (CMS) foi maior (P<0,05) para os animais alimentados com SM quando comparado aos animais que receberam CA. Maiores (P<0,05) valores para o consumo de FDNcp foram observados para os animais alimentados com SM, SCB, SCE e FT85. N?o houve diferen?a (P>0,05) para os coeficientes de digestibilidade aparente da MS, MO, PB e CNF entre os volumosos avaliados. A digestibilidade da FDNcp foi maior (P<0,05) para os animais alimentados com SCB, SCE e FT85 em rela??o aos alimentados com CA. Maior (P<0,05) valor para o coeficiente de digestibilidade ruminal (CDR) da FDNcp foi observado para os animais que receberam SCB, SCE e FT85 em rela??o aos que consumiram CA. N?o houve diferen?a (P>0,05) para o Pool (kg/dia) e para a kp (h-1) da FDNcp entre os diferentes volumosos avaliados. A efici?ncia microbiana (g/kg NDT) foi maior (P<0,05) para os animais alimentados com SCB (147,08 g/kg NDT). Houve intera??o (P<0,05) entre os efeitos de tratamento e tempo de mensura??o do pH ruminal. Os valores de pH no l?quido ruminal apresentaram comportamento quadr?tico em fun??o do tempo e os valores m?ximos de 6,72; 7,10; 7,06 e 6,92 foram estimados nos tempos de 9,45; 10,99; 11,13 e 12,00 horas ap?s a alimenta??o para as dietas contendo SM, SCB, SCE, e FT85, respectivamente. Os valores de pH para CA apresentaram comportamento linear decrescente em fun??o do tempo. Conclui-se que o uso exclusivo de volumosos tropicais nas dietas de bovinos, com exce??o da cana-de-a??car in natura, proporcionam consumo e digestibilidades dos nutrientes satisfat?rios, visto que dietas com 11% de PB atendem as exig?ncias m?nimas de compostos nitrogenados para os microrganismos ruminais maximizarem a digest?o da fibra em detergente neutro. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2013. / ABSTRACT This experiment was conducted to estimate the nutrient intake, total digestibility, ruminal digestion (kd) and passage (kp) rates of nutrient from diets containing only forages. Equations to predict the fiber digestibility of feed for beef cattle were also evaluated. There had been used five crossbred Holstein x Zebu steers, fistulated in rumen, with body weight (BW) ranging 458.5 ? 32.5 kg, distributed in Latin square experimental design 5 x 5 balanced for residual effects. The experiment consisted of five experimental periods, lasting sixteen days each, being seven days for adaptation animals to the diets and the other nine to perform the collection. The experimental diets were composed of five forages, being maize silage - SM (Zea mays, L.), elephant grass - SCE (Pennisetum purpureum Schum); Brachiaria grass silage - SCB (Brachiariadecumbens); the sugar cane in natura - CA (Saccharum officinarum L.); and Tifton hay 85 - FT85 (Cynodon spp.). A mixture of urea/ammonium sulfate was used in a 9:1 ratio to maintain diets isonitrogenated (11% CP). Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS (version 9.1), using the Tukey test and 0.05 as the critical level of probability for Type I error. The dry matter intake (CMS) was higher (P <0.05) for animals fed with SM when compared to animals receiving CA. Higher (P <0.05) values for the FDNcp intake were observed for animals fed with SM, SCB, SCE and FT85. There was no difference (P> 0.05) for apparent digestibility coefficients of MS, MO, PB and CNF among forages evaluated. The digestibility of FDNcp was higher (P <0.05) for animals fed with SCB, SCE and FT85 than those fed with CA. Greater (P <0.05) value for ruminal digestibility (CDR) of FDNcp was observed for animals receiving SCB, SCE and FT85 compared to those fed CA. No differences were observed (P> 0.05) for Pool (kg/day) and kp (h-1) from FDNcp among the different forage evaluated. The microbial efficiency (g/kg NDT) was higher (P <0.05) in animals fed with SCB (147.08g/kg NDT). There was an interaction (P <0.05) between the effects of treatment and time of measurement of ruminal pH. The pH of the rumen fluid showed a quadratic function of time and the maximum values of 6.72, 7.10, 7.06 and 6.92 being estimated at the times of 9.45, 10.99, 11.13 and 12.00 hours after feeding for the diets containing SM, SCB, SCE, and FT85, respectively. The pH values for CA linearly decreased in function of time. We conclude that the exclusive use of tropical forages in the diets of cattle, with the exception of sugar cane in natura, provide a satisfactory intake of digestible nutrients, whereas diets with 11% CP meet the minimum requirements for nitrogen compounds for ruminal microorganisms maximize the digestion of neutral detergent fiber.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2016-01-12T17:27:44Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) kenia_maria_oliveira.pdf: 438730 bytes, checksum: ce2d37a2f214da4b6e560faddfc6edc8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2016-01-12T17:28:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) kenia_maria_oliveira.pdf: 438730 bytes, checksum: ce2d37a2f214da4b6e560faddfc6edc8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-12T17:28:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) kenia_maria_oliveira.pdf: 438730 bytes, checksum: ce2d37a2f214da4b6e560faddfc6edc8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / O objetivo desse trabalho foi estudar os efeitos da utiliza??o de farelo de crambe em substitui??o ao farelo de soja sobre o comportamento ingestivo de bovinos leiteiros. Foram utilizados quatro machos castrados Holand?s x Zebu, fistulados no r?men, com peso vivo m?dio de 664 kg, distribu?dos em delineamento quadrado latino 4 x 4. Os tratamentos consistiram em quatro dietas isoproteicas e isoenerg?ticas, formuladas com rela??o volumoso:concentrado 60:40 com base na mat?ria seca (MS). O volumoso foi composto de silagem de milho (51% MS) e? feno de Tifton (49% MS), e o concentrado formulado com n?veis crescentes de substitui??o do farelo de soja pelo farelo de crambe em 0%, 2,8%, 6,4% e 11,0% na MS da dieta. O comportamento ingestivo foi avaliado atrav?s do m?todo direto de avalia??o visual, em intervalos de 10 minutos, durante per?odos de 24 horas. Registrou-se a frequ?ncia de alimenta??o, rumina??o e ?cio e a posi??o do animal (em p? ou em dec?bito). As vari?veis em p? e em dec?bito n?o diferiram entre os tratamentos, assim como os tempos gastos em alimenta??o, rumina??o e ?cio. O consumo de mat?ria seca e de FDN expressos em g/dia e gFDN/dia respectivamente, a efici?ncia de rumina??o expressa em gMS/min, a efici?ncia de rumina??o expressa em gFDN/dia e o tempo de mastiga??o total n?o diferiram significativamente. No entanto, a efici?ncia de alimenta??o (gMS/min) variou de forma linear decrescente com a inclus?o do farelo de crambe. Os per?odos do dia influenciaram todas as atividades. O maior tempo de alimenta??o foi observado nos per?odos ap?s o fornecimento da dieta e a maior atividade de rumina??o foi verificada no per?odo noturno. A substitui??o de farelo de soja por farelo de crambe n?o afetou o comportamento ingestivo, exceto para o par?metro efici?ncia de alimenta??o. Neste sentido, considerando o comportamento ingestivo, recomenda-se a substitui??o do farelo de soja por farelo de crambe para alimenta??o de bovinos leiteiros. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2014. / ABSTRACT The aim of this work was to study the effects of the use of crambe meal replacing soy bean meal on the ingestive behavior of dairy cattle. Four male Holstein x Zebu rumen, with average live weight of 664kg distributed in latin square design 4 x 4. The treatments consisted of four diets isonitrogenous and isocaloric, formulated roughage used concentrate 60:40 with based on dry matter (DM). The forage was corn silage (51% DM) and Tifton grass hay (49% DM), and the concentrate was formulated with increasing levels of substitution of soy bean meal by crambe meal at 0%, 2.8%, 6.4% and 11.0% of the diet DM. The feeding behavior was evaluated using the direct method of visual assessment in intervals10 minute during a 24 hour period. Recorded the frequency of feeding, idling time and the animal's position (standing or supine). The variables standing and supine id not differ between treatments as well as spending one a ting, ruminating and idling times. The consumption of dry matter and NDF expressed in g/day and gNDF/day respectively, the efficiency of rumination expressed in gDM/min, the efficiency of rumination expressed in gNDF/day and the total chewing time did not differ significantly. However, the efficiency of power (gDM/min) ranged from decreasing linearly with the inclusion of crambe meal. Periods of the day influenced all the activities. The longer feeding time was observed in the periods after the diet intake and greater rumination activity was observed at night. The replacement of soy bean meal by meal crambe, did not affect feeding behavior, except for the feeding efficiency parameter. In this sense, considering the feeding behavior, it is recommended there placement of soy bean meal by crambe meal to feed dairy cattle.

Submitted by PPG Odontologia (odontologia-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-06-01T13:46:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LIGIA_MARIA_NOGARETT_PIBERNAT_DE_CARVALHO_TES.pdf: 602746 bytes, checksum: 5e6dcc81b20622b739f9ab98624f9a66 (MD5) / Rejected by Sheila Dias (sheila.dias@pucrs.br), reason: Devolvido devido ? falta da capa institucional no arquivo em PDF. on 2018-06-11T12:41:58Z (GMT) / Submitted by PPG Odontologia (odontologia-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-06-11T17:29:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LIGIA_MARIA_NOGARETT_PIBERNAT_DE_CARVALHO_TES.pdf: 1308142 bytes, checksum: e3ba9abe3c75e3384b12c1a64fbba5dd (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sheila Dias (sheila.dias@pucrs.br) on 2018-06-22T11:52:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 LIGIA_MARIA_NOGARETT_PIBERNAT_DE_CARVALHO_TES.pdf: 1308142 bytes, checksum: e3ba9abe3c75e3384b12c1a64fbba5dd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-22T12:01:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LIGIA_MARIA_NOGARETT_PIBERNAT_DE_CARVALHO_TES.pdf: 1308142 bytes, checksum: e3ba9abe3c75e3384b12c1a64fbba5dd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-25 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The aim of the present study was to asses the present of Bisphenol A in dental material used on CAD/CAM block.For this In Vitro study, blocks for CAD-CAM, Lava Ultimate, Enamic and Mark II in standardized fragments containeing Bisphenol A were evaluated. Ten fragments of each block were made: n = 30, immersed in deionized water on group 1 and artificial saliva Kin Hidrat on group 2 in a light protected bottle.Stored in a culture stove for 24 hours, all samples were put in 1,5ml bottles containing 1,0ml of artificial saliva (KIN HIDRAT, PharmaKIN, S?o Paulo, Brazil ) on group 1 and deionized water on group 2, and then freezed in -80?C for 24 hours. After the 24 hour period, the samples were submitted to High Efficiency Chromatography on Toxicology and Pharmacology Institute of PUCRS as methodology described on this study.After cromatographic analysis of groups 1 and 2, the non-release of Bisphenol A was observed in all groups of samples tested. All groups and samples presented peak release of unidentified substance of different molecular weight and different breaking time than the Bisphenol A standard. Additional researches using other analysis methods are needed to examine the cumulative estrogenic effects of Bisphenol A dental materials for CAD CAM and composite resins. / O objetivo geral deste estudo foi avaliar o componente Bisfenol A presente em blocos de materiais dent?rios utilizados no sistema CAD/CAM quanto a libera??o ou n?o de Bisfenol A. Foram avaliados para a realiza??o deste estudo in vitro, blocos para CAD/CAM, Lava Ultimate, Enamic e Mark II, em fragmentos padronizados, cuja matriz de resina composta continha Bisfenol A. Foram confeccionados 10 fragmentos de cada um dos blocos: n = 30, imerso em ?gua deionizada no grupo 1 e saliva artificial KinHidrat no grupo 2 em frasco protegido da luz. Armazenadas em estufa por 24hs,todas as amostras, ap?s o periodo de 24hs, foram armazenadas em recipientes de 1,5ml contendo 1,0 ml de saliva artificial (KIN HIDRAT,PharmaKIN, S?o Paulo, Brasil ) no grupo 1 e ?gua deionizada no grupo 2 e ap?s congeladas ? - 80?C por 24hs. Decorrido o per?odo de 24h, as amostras foram submetidas a cromatografia de alta efici?ncia (HPLC) no Instituto de Toxicologia e Farmacologia da PUCRS com metodologia descrita no estudo.Ap?s an?lise cromatogr?fica dos grupos 1 e 2 observou- se a n?o libera??o de Bisfenol A em nenhum dos grupos de amostras testadas.Todos os grupos e amostras apresentaram pico de libera??o de subst?ncia n?o identificada de diferente peso molecular e diferente tempo de quebra do padr?o de Bisfenol A. Pesquisas adicionais, empregando outros m?todos de an?lise s?o necess?rias para examinar os efeitos estrog?nicos cumulativos do Bisfenol A de materiais dent?rios para CAD/CAM e resinas compostas.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:31:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FRANCISCO JOSE LOPES RODOVALHO.pdf: 13305799 bytes, checksum: 23374e97fb38c10170518a8f35e72196 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-05-29 / This work brings as hypothesis the possibility of the development of a method capable to evaluate WMAN s equipments in terms of coverage and performance, portrayed through its efficiency, focused on WiMAX technology, pattern IEEE 802.16-2004. The objective is to present the procedures to make possible to use a test site to compare the acting of different manufacturers' equipments. It begins with a site where its physical and propagation parameters are obtained, always the same for those certain points, to compare the performance of several equipments through reference measures in terms of the data rate efficiency. The site is characterized through 51 measure points. The tools used and developed for the test accomplishment are also described. Such tools are, for example, the coverage prediction software CellPlanner and a software tool, called GetMIB developed to capture, through the SNMP commands, the stored data in MIBs, and a script for tasks automation by the free software AutoiT. The test results presented the Signal-to-Noise-Relation (SNR), the values of BETA (?), which represents the path loss exponent, the Instantaneous and Accumulated Efficiencies of data rate net communication, as well as the correlation between these obtained variables, which have been presented in graphs and tables. The proposed method has proved to be reliable once it has presented suitable results with the performance expectation of the equipment and is in accordance with the environment used in the tests. From the results verified for the tested equipment, its replacement by other equipments of several manufacturers can be conceived, with similar results. From the confrontation of these results it is possible to obtain information on which equipment better adapts to those operation conditions imposed by the site. / Este trabalho traz como hip?tese a possibilidade do desenvolvimento de um m?todo capaz de avaliar equipamentos de uma WMAN em termos de cobertura e desempenho, retratado atrav?s de sua efici?ncia, voltada para a tecnologia WiMAX, padr?o IEEE 802.16-2004. O objetivo ? apresentar os procedimentos que possibilitem utilizar um site de testes, para comparar o desempenho de equipamentos de diferentes fabricantes. Parte-se de um site, onde se obtenham os par?metros f?sicos e de propaga??o do mesmo, sempre iguais para aqueles pontos determinados, comparar o desempenho de equipamentos diversos atrav?s de medidas de refer?ncia, em termos da efici?ncia da taxa de dados. O site fica caracterizado atrav?s de 51 pontos de medida. S?o tamb?m descritas as ferramentas utilizadas e desenvolvidas para a realiza??o dos testes, tais como o software de predi??o de cobertura CellPlanner, uma ferramenta de software chamado de GetMIB desenvolvido para capturar, via SNMP, os dados armazenados nas MIBs, e um script atrav?s do sofware livre AutoiT para automatiza??o das tarefas. Os resultados dos testes realizados apresentaram a Rela??o Sinal Ru?do (SNR), os valores de BETA (?), que representa o expoente de perda de percurso, as Efici?ncias Instant?nea e Acumulada da rede de comunica??o de dados, bem como a correla??o entre estas vari?veis obtidas, as quais foram apresentadas de forma gr?fica e tabeladas. O m?todo proposto se mostrou confi?vel uma vez que apresentou resultados condizentes com a expectativa de desempenho do equipamento e em conformidade com o ambiente utilizado nos testes. A partir dos resultados verificados para o equipamento testado, pode-se conceber a sua substitui??o por outros equipamentos de fabricantes diversos, obtendo-se resultados similares. Da confronta??o destes resultados ? poss?vel obter-se informa??es sobre qual equipamento melhor se adapta ?quelas condi??es de opera??o impostas pelo site.

Submitted by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2017-08-07T12:11:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AntonioPereiraDuarteDissertacaoParcial2016.pdf: 671252 bytes, checksum: 7d4561a1a4a80fe01af5cb21596e9b50 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2017-08-07T12:11:51Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 AntonioPereiraDuarteDissertacaoParcial2016.pdf: 671252 bytes, checksum: 7d4561a1a4a80fe01af5cb21596e9b50 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-07T12:11:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AntonioPereiraDuarteDissertacaoParcial2016.pdf: 671252 bytes, checksum: 7d4561a1a4a80fe01af5cb21596e9b50 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-24 / This dissertation deals with the external control of all aspects of police activity, with particular emphasis on control of the military judicial police activity and the need to ensure their full efficiency. Within this perspective, begins by explaining the bodies responsible for constitutional activity of National Defence and Public Security, showing then the military justice system defined by the Federal Constitution of 1988 for the application of standards to military criminal law, which highlighted judicial courts and prosecutors with a high degree of expertise. Deepens the discussion on the Judicial Military Police model adopted in Brazil to promote the military criminal investigations, revealing its shortcomings and the indispensability of his readaptation, celing by a lack of professionalization of charge by carrying out the assignment. Under this framework, ends by demonstrating that all administrative activity, including the judicial police activity, is subject to the constitutional principle of efficiency, which projects into various pecularities of investigative actions, notably in productivity, quality and speed. This study also advances on constitutional and infra-constitutional design of the external control of police activity in its different forms of expression, indicating the possibility that the Military Prosecutor had to be more effective control of the investigations carried out by the Military Judicial Police, which there always be guided by the highest efficiency and the unrestricted respect for fundamental rights and guarantees. The final approach is suggesting solutions to improve the profile of the military judicial police activity - proposing its institutionalization; as well as the profile of the external control exercised by the Military Public Ministry, whose demands more widened especially with the advent of the National Council of the Public Ministry as external control agency, which has worked for the improvement of the national Public Ministry. / A presente disserta????o trata do tema do controle externo da atividade de pol??cia, conferindo especial ??nfase ao controle da atividade de pol??cia judici??ria militar e a necessidade de se garantir a sua plena efici??ncia. Dentro dessa perspectiva, principia por explicitar os ??rg??os incumbidos da atividade constitucional de Defesa Nacional e de Seguran??a P??blica, evidenciando, em seguida, o sistema de justi??a militar definido pela Carta de 1988 para aplica????o das normas afetas ao ordenamento penal militar, em que se destacam ??rg??os judiciais e um Minist??rio P??blico com elevado grau de especializa????o. Aprofunda a discuss??o em torno do modelo de Pol??cia Judici??ria Militar adotado no Brasil para promover as investiga????es criminais militares, revelando suas defici??ncias e a imprescindibilidade de sua readequa????o, m??xime pela aus??ncia de uma profissionaliza????o dos encarregados pelo cumprimento da referida atribui????o. Em virtude de tal quadro, termina por demonstrar que toda atividade administrativa, incluindo a atividade de pol??cia judici??ria, est?? submetida ao princ??pio constitucional da efici??ncia, que se projeta em v??rias facetas da atua????o investigativa, destacadamente em sua produtividade, qualidade e celeridade. Avan??a sobre a concep????o constitucional e infraconstitucional do controle externo da atividade policial em suas diferentes formas de express??o, assinalando as possibilidades que o Minist??rio P??blico Militar det??m de realizar um controle muito mais efetivo das investiga????es desenvolvidas pela Pol??cia Judici??ria Militar, com vistas ao atingimento de sua m??xima efici??ncia e tendo por norte a salvaguarda dos direitos e garantias fundamentais. A abordagem se encerra sugerindo solu????es para melhorar o perfil da atividade de pol??cia judici??ria militar - propondo sua institucionaliza????o; bem como o perfil do controle externo exercido pelo Minist??rio P??blico Militar, cujas exig??ncias mais se ampliaram sobretudo com o advento do Conselho Nacional do Minist??rio P??blico como ??rg??o de controle externo.

Submitted by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2017-08-07T14:46:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FelipedaSilvaMullerDissertacaoParcial2016.pdf: 963778 bytes, checksum: ba9c2dcd4c12a360b1eed52bd163dd99 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2017-08-07T14:47:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 FelipedaSilvaMullerDissertacaoParcial2016.pdf: 963778 bytes, checksum: ba9c2dcd4c12a360b1eed52bd163dd99 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-07T14:47:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FelipedaSilvaMullerDissertacaoParcial2016.pdf: 963778 bytes, checksum: ba9c2dcd4c12a360b1eed52bd163dd99 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-10 / This study analyzes the civil liability for environmental damages based on an economic approach. It is focused on the possibility of preventing further environmental damages in an efficient manner by inducing social behaviors aimed at maximizing social welfare. The hypothesis of this study was based on the belief that it is possible to induce preventive behaviors through civil liability. However, to make this possible, judges should enforce some measures when deciding about remedial compensations for environmental damages related to court proceedings. Their decisions should enforce compliance with some measures such as: full recovery of the damage caused (internalization of externalities) and, as a behavioral encouragement, the person responsible for the damage should pay an indemnity for collective moral damages and the decision should be disclosed. Therefore, the person responsible for the damage should not only pay for the social cost, but also for other costs, such as collective moral damage and public damage to his/her image, which, combined with the first cost, can contribute to the preventive purpose. This hypothesis was confirmed based on the data collected in an empirical research. Thus, to make civil liability efficient in terms of prevention of environmental damage, there is need to use people???s loss aversion to encourage environmentally beneficial decisions in risky situations. And to make sure that this behavioral encouragement is effective, loss aversion should be expanded with the disclosure of the court decision in the press, exploiting the availability heuristics and/or the anchoring effect of the members of society, to achieve the result of a decision that benefits social improvement (environmental and social welfare). / Trata-se de trabalho que examina a responsabilidade civil ambiental a partir de uma abordagem econ??mica, com foco em sua aptid??o para a preven????o eficiente de novos danos ao meio ambiente atrav??s da indu????o de comportamentos sociais destinados ?? maximiza????o do bemestar social. A hip??tese de pesquisa foi estruturada no sentido de que a indu????o de comportamentos preventivos via responsabilidade civil ?? poss??vel, mas, para isso, os ju??zes, ao proferirem decis??es reparat??rias de les??es ambientais em processos judiciais, devem impor o cumprimento de algumas medidas: a recupera????o integral do dano causado (internaliza????o da externalidade) e, como incentivo comportamental, a condena????o do respons??vel ao pagamento de indeniza????o a t??tulo de danos morais coletivos e a publiciza????o da decis??o proferida. Com isso, transfere-se ao causador do dano n??o s?? a absor????o do custo social produzido, mas tamb??m outros custos - dano moral coletivo e preju??zo p??blico ?? sua imagem - que, somados ao primeiro, contribuem para o objetivo preventivo. Conforme dados colhidos em pesquisa emp??rica, essa hip??tese foi confirmada como verdadeira. A responsabiliza????o civil, para tanto, com o objetivo de ser preventivamente eficiente, necessariamente dever?? efetuar o aproveitamento da caracter??stica de avers??o ?? perda presente nas pessoas, mediante seu est??mulo, a fim de incentivar a tomada de decis??es ambientalmente ben??ficas em situa????es de risco. E para que este est??mulo comportamental seja efetivo, a avers??o ?? perda deve ser ampliada com a divulga????o da decis??o judicial na imprensa, explorando a heur??stica da disponibilidade e/ou o efeito de ancoragem existente nos indiv??duos integrantes da sociedade, de modo a se atingir o resultado de um processo decis??rio favor??vel ao aprimoramento social (bem-estar ambiental e social).

Submitted by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2017-08-30T17:23:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DiogoRafaeldeArrudaDissertacao2016.pdf: 1651110 bytes, checksum: 6f237df243848bbe70f83ba1f6b51db1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2017-08-30T17:23:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DiogoRafaeldeArrudaDissertacao2016.pdf: 1651110 bytes, checksum: 6f237df243848bbe70f83ba1f6b51db1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-30T17:23:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DiogoRafaeldeArrudaDissertacao2016.pdf: 1651110 bytes, checksum: 6f237df243848bbe70f83ba1f6b51db1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-17 / This master's thesis is a legal and economic verification of betterment tax. This is based on a passed collection in the aggregate equity gain to private property by indirect influence of public works. The species used in their collection of assumptions limitation on total costs and individual benefits generated by consolidating the attempt to balanced supply of public goods and services at the lowest cost to society. Although the standard it's value increases, we identified that the correct terminology for the regulated object would increase the property's market price. The regulatory standard of the institute becomes useful in the world of facts for not having incentives to owners benefit to freely return what had been wrongly added, fitting tribute to the corrective action, and the sharing of burdens and realized bonus. And the same craving combat opportunism, there is the possibility that free gains arising to the affected owners, we have identified as an owner surplus. The need for identification of the popular collaboration on the implementation of the tax, it investigated empirically that the rule applies to your goals, but before the decision-making, treatment of the subject with the population may lead to inefficient choices. / Esta tese de mestrado aborda a verifica????o jur??dica e econ??mica da esp??cie tribut??ria intitulada contribui????o de melhoria. Este tributo ?? baseado em uma arrecada????o sob o ganho patrimonial agregado aos im??veis particulares por influ??ncia indireta de obras p??blicas. A esp??cie utiliza em seus pressupostos de arrecada????o a limita????o sobre custos totais e os benef??cios individuais gerados, consolidando a tentativa de oferta equilibrada de bens e servi??os p??blicos, ao menor custo para a sociedade. Embora a norma trate de acr??scimos de valor, identificamos que a terminologia correta para o objeto regulado seria aumento de pre??o de mercado do im??vel. A norma reguladora do instituto se faz ??til no mundo dos fatos por n??o haverem incentivos aos propriet??rios beneficiados para livremente devolver o que fora agregado indevidamente, cabendo ao tributo a a????o corretiva, e a reparti????o de ??nus e b??nus concretizados. E, mesmo almejando combater o oportunismo, h?? a possibilidade de que ganhos livres surjam aos propriet??rios afetados, o que identificamos como um excedente do propriet??rio. Da necessidade de identifica????o da colabora????o popular sobre a implementa????o do tributo, investigou-se empiricamente que a norma ?? v??lida aos seus objetivos, mas diante da tomada de decis??es, o tratamento da tem??tica com a popula????o pode conduzir a escolhas ineficientes.

Submitted by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2017-10-30T13:13:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MichelAngeloConstantinodeOliveiraTese2014.pdf: 517065 bytes, checksum: a528b5761c52e0544f3e4b39cddabf3f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2017-10-30T13:15:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MichelAngeloConstantinodeOliveiraTese2014.pdf: 517065 bytes, checksum: a528b5761c52e0544f3e4b39cddabf3f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-30T13:15:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MichelAngeloConstantinodeOliveiraTese2014.pdf: 517065 bytes, checksum: a528b5761c52e0544f3e4b39cddabf3f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-11-28 / UCB / Economic theory uses the production function to develop microeconomic and macroeconomic analyses, respectively at the level of rm and wealth of nations. This thesis proposes a new model for application in the production function, introducing instrumental copulas for modelling the dependence structure of random variables for analysis of asymmetric behavior and extreme events. In the rst test the function of traditional production is modeled using vine-copula for rms from the USA, Germany and England, so it was possible to construct multivariate distributions and estimation of capital-output pairs (y ???? k) variables; work-product (y ???? l); working-capital as a production (k ???? ljy); and know the structures associated dependencies, evaluating the nonlinear dependence and heavy tails. For the second test, following the data and methodological procedures of the rst test, using vine-copula and the construction parameters and coe cient of dependence are the same. The di erence is in the modelling of stochastic frontier and approach insu ciency using this new type of instrument. The marginal distributions were estimated using the gamma function and normal function, several families of copulas were found, including Gumbel, Student-t, BB7, Normal and Clayton which implies changes in behavior and dependence of each pair of variables over the years and in each country, in addition to showing the heavy tails where rms of large and / or small focus. This change in families con rm the stochastic behavior of the data and the production function, in contrast to the inappropriate use of deterministic functions and multivariate normality assumption. / A teoria econ??mica utiliza a fun????o de produ????o para desenvolver an??lises microecon??micas e macroecon??micas, respectivamente ao n??vel da rma e riqueza das na????es. Este trabalho de tese prop??e uma nova modelagem para aplica????o em fun????o de produ????o, introduzindo o instrumental de c??pulas para modelagem da estrutura de depend??ncia em vari??veis aleat??rias, para an??lise do comportamento assim??trico e dos eventos extremos. No primeiro ensaio a fun????o de produ????o tradicional ?? modelada utilizando vine-c??pulas para as rmas dos EUA, Alemanha e Inglaterra, assim foi poss??vel a constru????o de distribui????es multivariadas e estima????o dos pares de vari??veis produto-capital (y????k); produto-trabalho (y????l); capital-trabalho dado uma produ????o (k????ljy); e conhecer as estruturas de depend??ncias associadas, avaliando a depend??ncia n??o linear e as caudas pesadas. Para o segundo ensaio, segue os dados e procedimentos metodol??gicos do primeiro ensaio, utilizando vine-c??pulas e a constru????o dos par??metros e coe cientes de depend??ncia s??o os mesmos. A diferen??a est?? na modelagem de fronteira estoc??stica e na abordagem de e ci??ncia utilizando esse novo instrumento estat??stico. As distribui????es marginais foram estimadas utilizando a fun????o gamma e a fun????o normal, foram encontradas v??rias fam??lias de c??pulas, entre elas Gumbel, Student-t, BB7, Normal e Clayton que implica em mudan??as no comportamento e na depend??ncia de cada par de vari??veis ao longo dos anos e em cada pa??s, al??m de mostrar as caudas pesadas onde as rmas de grande e/ou pequeno porte se concentram. Essa mudan??a nas fam??lias con rmam o comportamento estoc??stico nos dados e da fun????o de produ????o, em contraste com o uso inadequado de fun????es deterministicas e hip??tese de normalidade multivariada.