Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2016-01-12T17:27:44Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) kenia_maria_oliveira.pdf: 438730 bytes, checksum: ce2d37a2f214da4b6e560faddfc6edc8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2016-01-12T17:28:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) kenia_maria_oliveira.pdf: 438730 bytes, checksum: ce2d37a2f214da4b6e560faddfc6edc8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-12T17:28:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) kenia_maria_oliveira.pdf: 438730 bytes, checksum: ce2d37a2f214da4b6e560faddfc6edc8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / O objetivo desse trabalho foi estudar os efeitos da utiliza??o de farelo de crambe em substitui??o ao farelo de soja sobre o comportamento ingestivo de bovinos leiteiros. Foram utilizados quatro machos castrados Holand?s x Zebu, fistulados no r?men, com peso vivo m?dio de 664 kg, distribu?dos em delineamento quadrado latino 4 x 4. Os tratamentos consistiram em quatro dietas isoproteicas e isoenerg?ticas, formuladas com rela??o volumoso:concentrado 60:40 com base na mat?ria seca (MS). O volumoso foi composto de silagem de milho (51% MS) e? feno de Tifton (49% MS), e o concentrado formulado com n?veis crescentes de substitui??o do farelo de soja pelo farelo de crambe em 0%, 2,8%, 6,4% e 11,0% na MS da dieta. O comportamento ingestivo foi avaliado atrav?s do m?todo direto de avalia??o visual, em intervalos de 10 minutos, durante per?odos de 24 horas. Registrou-se a frequ?ncia de alimenta??o, rumina??o e ?cio e a posi??o do animal (em p? ou em dec?bito). As vari?veis em p? e em dec?bito n?o diferiram entre os tratamentos, assim como os tempos gastos em alimenta??o, rumina??o e ?cio. O consumo de mat?ria seca e de FDN expressos em g/dia e gFDN/dia respectivamente, a efici?ncia de rumina??o expressa em gMS/min, a efici?ncia de rumina??o expressa em gFDN/dia e o tempo de mastiga??o total n?o diferiram significativamente. No entanto, a efici?ncia de alimenta??o (gMS/min) variou de forma linear decrescente com a inclus?o do farelo de crambe. Os per?odos do dia influenciaram todas as atividades. O maior tempo de alimenta??o foi observado nos per?odos ap?s o fornecimento da dieta e a maior atividade de rumina??o foi verificada no per?odo noturno. A substitui??o de farelo de soja por farelo de crambe n?o afetou o comportamento ingestivo, exceto para o par?metro efici?ncia de alimenta??o. Neste sentido, considerando o comportamento ingestivo, recomenda-se a substitui??o do farelo de soja por farelo de crambe para alimenta??o de bovinos leiteiros. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2014. / ABSTRACT The aim of this work was to study the effects of the use of crambe meal replacing soy bean meal on the ingestive behavior of dairy cattle. Four male Holstein x Zebu rumen, with average live weight of 664kg distributed in latin square design 4 x 4. The treatments consisted of four diets isonitrogenous and isocaloric, formulated roughage used concentrate 60:40 with based on dry matter (DM). The forage was corn silage (51% DM) and Tifton grass hay (49% DM), and the concentrate was formulated with increasing levels of substitution of soy bean meal by crambe meal at 0%, 2.8%, 6.4% and 11.0% of the diet DM. The feeding behavior was evaluated using the direct method of visual assessment in intervals10 minute during a 24 hour period. Recorded the frequency of feeding, idling time and the animal's position (standing or supine). The variables standing and supine id not differ between treatments as well as spending one a ting, ruminating and idling times. The consumption of dry matter and NDF expressed in g/day and gNDF/day respectively, the efficiency of rumination expressed in gDM/min, the efficiency of rumination expressed in gNDF/day and the total chewing time did not differ significantly. However, the efficiency of power (gDM/min) ranged from decreasing linearly with the inclusion of crambe meal. Periods of the day influenced all the activities. The longer feeding time was observed in the periods after the diet intake and greater rumination activity was observed at night. The replacement of soy bean meal by meal crambe, did not affect feeding behavior, except for the feeding efficiency parameter. In this sense, considering the feeding behavior, it is recommended there placement of soy bean meal by crambe meal to feed dairy cattle.

Submitted by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-06-30T17:24:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_JULIA_LUIZA_SCHAFER_PARCIAL.pdf: 1950516 bytes, checksum: d087e3b380f5026a78af786f693a37b3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-30T17:24:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_JULIA_LUIZA_SCHAFER_PARCIAL.pdf: 1950516 bytes, checksum: d087e3b380f5026a78af786f693a37b3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-08 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / Introdu??o: A literatura sugere que respostas emocionais est?o associadas ao desenvolvimento e manuten??o de sintomas do Transtorno de Estresse P?s-Traum?tico (TEPT). A capacidade de influenciar a experi?ncia e express?o emocional, conhecida como regula??o emocional (RE), pode ser cr?tica ao lidar com n?veis significativos de estresse. Especificamente, a RE atrav?s de cogni??es, ou pensamentos (ou seja, Regula??o Emocional Cognitiva, REC), ajuda os indiv?duos a manter o controle sobre sua experi?ncia emocional durante, ou depois de serem expostos a eventos estressores, ou traum?ticos. O Question?rio de Regula??o Emocional Cognitiva (CERQ), foi desenvolvido para medir nove diferentes estrat?gias de REC que se referem ? maneira consciente e atencional de lidar com eventos de vida amea?adores, ou negativos. Objetivos: Os objetivos gerais desta disserta??o foram desenvolver e investigar as evid?ncias de validade da vers?o brasileira do CERQ (Estudo 1) e investigar a rela??o entre a exposi??o a traumas, estrat?gias cognitivas de RE, afeto e Sintomas de Estresse P?s-Traum?tico (SEPT) atrav?s de um modelo de media??o dupla (Estudo 2). M?todo: Uma amostra de 445 estudantes universit?rios completou um Question?rio S?cio-Demogr?fico, a Life of Events Checklist (LEC-5), a vers?o brasileira do CERQ, a Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) e a Posttraumatic Symptoms Checklist (PCL-5) em uma plataforma de pesquisa on-line. Para o Estudo 1, o processo de adapta??o da vers?o brasileira do CERQ incluiu tradu??o, retro-tradu??o, avalia??o de ju?zes e teste em 30 participantes da popula??o-alvo. As evid?ncias de validade de construto foram avaliadas atrav?s de an?lise fatorial confirmat?ria, da consist?ncia interna atrav?s dos alfas de Cronbach e de correla??es com as vari?veis afetivas mensuradas pelo PANAS. Para o Estudo 2 foram realizadas an?lises preliminares de correla??o e de regress?o linear m?ltipla para investigar associa??es entre tipo de trauma, estrat?gias cognitivas de regula??o emocional, afeto e severidade de SEPT. Em seguida, um modelo com rumina??o e afeto negativo como mediadores do efeito da exposi??o ao trauma les?o moral causada por outros sobre os SEPT foi testado usando o macro PROCESS para o SPSS. Resultados: As an?lises de validade mostraram que a estrutura original do CERQ possui boa validade fatorial na amostra e alta confiabilidade, com ? de Cronbach variando entre .71 e .88. An?lises preliminares de associa??o entre tipo de trauma, estrat?gias de regula??o emocional cognitiva, afeto e SEPT mostraram que o tipo de trauma de les?o moral causada por outros, rumina??o e afeto negativo s?o preditores significativos da gravidade de SEPT. Ao testar o modelo de media??o dupla, os resultados sugerem que a rumina??o ? um mediador forte e independente entre o tipo de trauma de les?o moral causada por outros e SEPT, enquanto afeto negativo ? um mediador apenas quando a rumina??o est? presente no modelo. Discuss?o: Nossos resultados indicam que a vers?o brasileira do CERQ ? uma ferramenta v?lida e confi?vel para avaliar as estrat?gias cognitivas de regula??o emocional e que os indiv?duos expostos ao tipo de trauma de les?o moral causada pelos outros utilizam rumina??o como uma estrat?gia de regula??o emocional cognitiva com mais frequ?ncia. O uso aumentado dessa estrat?gia amplifica os n?veis de afeto negativo que acaba levando a n?veis mais elevados de SEPT. Em geral, esses resultados podem influenciar pesquisas e auxiliar no desenvolvimento e melhoria de interven??es cognitivas para indiv?duos expostos a eventos traum?ticos. / Background: Literature suggests that emotional responses are associated to the development and maintenance of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms. The ability to influence emotional experience and expression, known as emotion regulation (ER), can be critical when dealing with significant levels of stress. Specifically, ER through cognitions, or thoughts (i.e. Cognitive Emotion Regulation; CER), helps individuals to maintain control over their emotional experience during, or after being exposed to stressful, or traumatic events. The Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) was developed to measure nine different CER strategies that refer to the conscious and attentional way people deal with threatening, or negative life events. Objectives: Therefore, the general purposes of this thesis were to develop and evaluate validity evidences of the Brazilian version of the CERQ (Study 1) and to investigate the relationship between trauma exposure, cognitive emotion regulation strategies, affect and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms (PTSS) testing for a double mediation model (Study2). Method: A sample of 445 university students completed a Socio-Demographic Questionnaire, the Life of Events Checklist (LEC-5), the Brazilian version of the CERQ, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) and the Posttraumatic Symptoms Checklist (PCL-5) on an on-line research platform. For Study 1, adaptation process of the Brazilian version of the CERQ included translation, backtranslation, expert committee?s evaluation, and testing on 30 participants from the target population. Validity evidence was assessed through confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency through the Cronbach?s alpha analysis, and correlations with the affective variables measured by the PANAS. For Study 2, preliminary correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to investigate associations among trauma type exposure, cognitive emotion regulation strategies, affect and PTSS severity. Next, a model positing rumination and negative affect as double mediators of the effect of trauma type of moral injury by others on PTSS was tested using the PROCESS macro for SPSS. Results: Validity analyses showed that the original structure of the CERQ has good factorial validity in the sample and high reliabilities, with Cronbach?s ? ranging between .71 and .88. Preliminary analyses of the association among trauma type, cognitive emotion regulation strategies, affect and PTSS showed that trauma type of moral injury, rumination and negative affect were significant predictors of PTSS severity. When testing for the double mediation model, results suggested that rumination is a strong and independent mediator between trauma type moral injury by others and PTSS, while negative affect is a mediator only when rumination is also included. Discussion: Our results indicate that the Brazilian version of the CERQ is a valid and reliable tool for assessing cognitive emotion regulation strategies, and that individuals who are exposed to trauma type of moral injury by others engage more frequently in rumination as a cognitive emotion regulation strategy, which in turn amplifies levels of negative effect that ends up leading to higher levels of PTSS. Overall, these results can influence further researches and aid the development and improvement of cognitive treatment interventions for individuals exposed to traumatic events.