Diderot et l'Encyclopédie se propose d'enquêter sur le rapport entre ladimension anthropologique et la dimension politique: en d'autres mots,d'enquêter sur le lien qui se trouve entre une épistémologie matérialiste, et doncune nouvelle conception de l'être physiologiquement et matériellementdéterminé, et la transformation sociopolitique que l’Encyclopédie propose; unetransformation qui se concrétise au moyen de relations qui s'entrecroisent, àcaractère théorétique et cognitif (renvois), ou à caractère matériel (de l'organe àl'organisation, lutte aux corporations, division du travail, solidarité).L’hypothèse qui meut l'étude et qui, peut-être, en représente l'aspect leplus original, est l’identification de la présence d'un projet éducatif très vaste quipermettrait de maintenir ensemble, dans la pensée du philosophe de Langres,plan anthropologique et plan politique, en leur donnant, un “sens abouti” et enles empêchant de plonger dans le désespoir que le non-systématisme du procédédiderotien suscite parfois; un tel projet éducatif viserait, en paraphrasant lesThèses sur Feuerbach, à “éduquer aux éducateurs”, à faire d'eux des hommeséclairés dans une perspective de “perfectibilité matérialisée”. / My research examines the relationship between Diderot's early philosophical works and the Encyclopédie, specifically investigating the link between its anthropological and political dimensions. In other words, in my research I look at the connection between a materialist epistemology, which features a new conception of the 'human being” as a physically and physiologically determined entity, and the socio-political transformations suggested by the Encyclopédie. These transformations involve a series of intersecting relations of both theoretical-cognitive (renvois) and material nature (e.g. the shift from “organ” to “organization”, the fight to guilds, the division of labor, and the concept of solidarity).The interpretative contribution of this thesis lies in the identification of an educational project, which ties both anthropological and political aspects, and which is concerned with the materialistic education of the Third State. Quoting the Theses on Feuerbach, this educational project seems to show the necessity for educators to be enlightened too.According to this new interpretation, the Encyclopédie can no longer be considered a mere intellectual effort, and can finally become a true "revolutionary practice", a "Pensée en action". In this way, the Encyclopédie symbolizes the culmination of those organic cycles preceding every revolution (Venturi 1939), as well as a reference for those men who need take part in the "Progress" (in the mechanical sense) after the "revolution". As a result, the Encyclopédie develops into a praxis against the system, whose beating heart is represented by its relational and dialectical dimensions, which are able to generate new foundations for social life and new ways to think of politics.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:theses.fr/2017EHES0078 |
| Date | 03 July 2017 |
| Creators | Goisis, Orsola |
| Contributors | Paris, EHESS, Università degli studi (Padoue, Italie), Karsenti, Bruno, Tomba, Massimiliano |
| Source Sets | Dépôt national des thèses électroniques françaises |
| Language | French |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Electronic Thesis or Dissertation, Text |
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