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Previous issue date: 2016-03-30 / Chemotherapy is highlighted for the treatment of many classes of tumors, especially by new drug delivery nanosystems. The drug delivery nanosystems are focused on greater selectivity for abnormal tissue, decrease adverse effects, dose reduction and decreased frequency applications. Due to the scale of these systems, the EPR effect favors the permeabilization in blood vessels and retention in tumor tissue particles. This thesis performed vinblastine extractions from C. roseus using water and ethanol as co-solvents for CO2 at 300 bar and at different temperatures, those experiments showed the viability of this extraction method, subsequent extractions were optimized using ethanol. The results are compared to traditional extraction methods such as solid-liquid extraction the results found was up to 92.41%. Concluding that vinblastine extraction using carbon dioxide and ethanol mixtures at high pressure is possible. The PLGA nanoparticles containing vinblastine showed again the reproducibility of the nanoemulsion method of ensuring the production of homogeneous nanoparticles with and without drug and cell viability experiments show that the three formulations of PLGA nanoparticles containing vinblastine potentiated drug activity at the lower doses, 1 and 5 ?g/mL, compared to free drug. The studies of glycopolymers synthesis presented the novel synthesis of an ATRP initiator based on PLGA without using PEG spacers. This initiator may, in future studies, be used for modifying PLGA. Successive attempts monomer polymerization saccharide via ATRP in water and DMSO leads to the conclusion that this approach is not the most suitable for the syntheses of glycopolymers graft from a PLGA initiator without the use of PEG spacers. / A quimioterapia ? op??o terap?utica para o tratamento de diversas classes de tumores, principalmente pelos novos nanosistemas de libera??o modificada de f?rmacos. Os nanosistemas de libera??o modificada t?m como foco a maior seletividade aos tecidos anormais, a diminui??o de efeitos adversos, redu??o da dose e diminui??o da frequ?ncia de aplica??es. Devido a escala destes sistemas, o efeito EPR favorece a permeabiliza??o nos vasos sangu?neos e a reten??o de part?culas no tecido tumoral. Nesta tese foram realizadas extra??es de vimblastina a partir de C. roseus utilizando ?gua e etanol como cossolventes de CO2 a 300 bar e a diferentes temperaturas mostraram a viabilidade do m?todo de extra??o, posteriormente, as extra??es foram otimizadas utilizando etanol. Quando os resultados encontrados s?o comparados a m?todos tradicionais de extra??o como a extra??o s?lido-l?quido o resultado encontrado foi de at? 92,41% superior. Concluindo, que a extra??o de vimblastina utilizando misturas de di?xido de carbono e etanol a altas press?es ? poss?vel. As nanopart?culas de PLGA contendo vimblastina demonstraram a reprodutibilidade do m?todo de nanoemuls?o garantindo a produ??o de nanopart?culas homog?neas, com e sem f?rmaco. Os experimentos de viabilidade celular mostraram que as tr?s formula??es de nanopart?culas de PLGA contendo vimblastina potencializaram a atividade do f?rmaco para as doses mais baixas, 1 e 5 ?g/mL, em rela??o ao f?rmaco livre. Os estudos realizados de s?ntese de glicopol?meros apresentaram a s?ntese in?dita de um iniciador de ATRP baseado em PLGA sem o uso de espa?adores de PEG. Este iniciador pode, em futuros estudos, ser utilizado para a modifica??o de PLGA. As sucessivas tentativas de polimeriza??o de mon?meros de sacar?deos via ATRP em ?gua e DMSO leva a conclus?o que esta metodologia n?o ? a mais adequada para s?nteses glicopol?meros conjugados a PLGA sem o uso de espa?adores de PEG.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:tede2.pucrs.br:tede/6953 |
| Date | 30 March 2016 |
| Creators | Falc?o, Manuel Alves |
| Contributors | Cassel, Eduardo |
| Publisher | Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Engenharia e Tecnologia de Materiais, PUCRS, Brasil, Faculdade de Engenharia |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS, instname:Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, instacron:PUC_RS |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Relation | -7432719344215120122, 600, 600, 600, -655770572761439785, 4518971056484826825 |
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