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Previous issue date: 2017-01-13 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Candidiasis is the most prevalent fungal infection in the oral cavity of human beings. It is an oportunistic disease, which has predisposing factors such as xerostomia, alcohol and tobacco use, ill-fitted and poor cleaned dentures, diabetes mellitus, severe nutritional deficiencies and imunosuppressive conditions such as HIV infection and chemotherapy. Nystatin and chlorhexidine have been widely used to control oral infections, sometimes in an associated protocol. Nevertheless, there are reports about an antagonistic interaction when these drugs are combined. The present work aimed to analyze, in vitro, the effect of combined nystatin and chlorhexidine on Candida albicansand the stability of their mixture as well. The drugs were tested alone and in different combinations including single formulation and independent formulations with different time intervals. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the drugs was determined by the broth microdilution method, and also their effects on the optical density (OD) of suspensions and biofilms of C. albicans were evaluated.The stability of nystatin/chorhexidine mixture was tested in high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Nystatin/chlorhexidine single formulation did not show a significantly differentMICcompared to the drugs used alone.The combinations with time intervalsbetween drugs showed higher MIC than the drugs alone, except for the MIC of chlorhexidine with 10-min interval. According to our results, the combination of the drugs interferes with theMIC, increasing its level, exceptfor the chlorhexidine MIC in nystatin/chlorhexidine single formulation. Nystatin/chlorhexidine combinations showed impaired activity against C.albicans biofilms. Among the combinations, that with 30-min interval showed the highest antifungal effect and the single formulation the lowest. The drugs when combined showed high percentages of degradation at all the times evaluated. Conclusion: The combination of nystatin and chlorhexidine interferes with their effectiveness and also increases their rate of degradation. / A candid?ase ? a infec??o f?ngica mais prevalente na cavidade oral de seres humanos. ? uma infec??o oportunista, que tem por fatores predisponentes a xerostomia, o uso de ?lcool e tabaco, pr?teses mal-higienizadas e mal-adptadas, diabetes mellitus, defici?ncias nutricionais graves e condi??es imunossupressoras como infec??o pelo HIV e quimioterapia. A nistatina e a clorexidina t?m sido amplamente empregadas no controle de processos infecciosos da cavidade oral, algumas vezes simultaneamente. Entretanto, h? relatos na literatura de que, se empregadas de forma combinada, essas drogas teriam intera??o antag?nica. O presente estudoteve por objetivo avaliar, in vitro, o efeito do uso concomitante de clorexidina e nistatina sobre Candida albicans. As drogas foram testadas em diferentes combina??es, incluindo formula??o ?nica e formula??es independentes empregadas de formaassociadacom diferentes intervalos de tempo. Os testes foram realizados determinando-se a concentra??o inibit?ria m?nima (CIM) por meio do m?todo de microdilui??o em caldo,bemcomo avalia??o do efeito sobre a densidade ?ptica das suspens?es e biofilmes de C. albicans. A estabilidade da mistura de nistatina e clorexidina foi testada por meio de cromatografia l?quida de alta efici?ncia (HPLC). A formula??o ?nica nistatina/clorexidina n?o exibiu CIM significativamente diferente dos respectivos f?rmacos empregados isoladamente. As combina??es com intervalos de tempo intermedi?riostiveram CIM significativamente maiordo que o f?rmaco isolado, exceto para a CIM da clorexidina ao intervalo de 10 min. De acordo com esses resultados, a combina??o dos f?rmacos interfere nasrespectivas CIMs, elevando-as, com exce??o da CIM da clorexidina para formula??o ?nica. Comparadas ao uso das drogas isoladas, as combina??es de nistatina e clorexidina exibiram atividade diminu?da nos biofilmes de C.albicans,tendo o intervalo de 30 minutos o maior efeito antif?ngico, ea formula??o ?nica, o menor. A mistura das drogas teve elevadas percentagens de degrada??o em todos os tempos avaliados. Conclus?o: A combina??o de nistatina e clorexidina interfere na efetividadedas drogas e tamb?m eleva as suas taxas de degrada??o.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:tede2.pucrs.br:tede/7182 |
| Date | 13 January 2017 |
| Creators | Scheibler, Elusa |
| Contributors | Cherubini, Karen, Silva, Renata Medina da |
| Publisher | Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Odontologia, PUCRS, Brasil, Faculdade de Odontologia |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS, instname:Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, instacron:PUC_RS |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Relation | -8096554818733665164, 600, 600, 600, 600, 4673435736271820140, -2070498469879244349, 2075167498588264571 |
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