Return to search

Potential use of sludge in slope bioengineering: environmental considerations.

Lam, Shu Kee. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 206-219). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / Abstract (in Chinese) --- p.iv / Acknowledgements --- p.vi / Table of contents --- p.vii / List of tables --- p.xii / List of figures --- p.xvi / List of plates --- p.xvii / Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- INTRODUCTION / Chapter 1.1 --- Research background --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Conceptual framework --- p.4 / Chapter 1.3 --- Objectives of the study --- p.8 / Chapter 1.4 --- Significance of the study --- p.9 / Chapter 1.5 --- Organization of the thesis --- p.10 / Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- LITERATURE REVIEW / Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.12 / Chapter 2.2 --- Use of hydroseeding in slope bioengineering works --- p.12 / Chapter 2.3 --- Problems associated with hydroseeded slopes --- p.12 / Chapter 2.4 --- Common Bermudagrass used in hydroseeding --- p.13 / Chapter 2.5 --- "Sludge disposal, potentials and problems" --- p.14 / Chapter 2.5.1 --- Properties and disposal of sludge --- p.14 / Chapter 2.5.2 --- Use of sludge and potential problems --- p.16 / Chapter 2.5.3 --- Heavy metals in sludge --- p.19 / Chapter 2.5.3.1 --- Cadmium --- p.22 / Chapter 2.5.3.2 --- Chromium --- p.22 / Chapter 2.5.3.3 --- Copper --- p.23 / Chapter 2.5.3.4 --- Nickel --- p.24 / Chapter 2.5.3.5 --- Lead --- p.24 / Chapter 2.5.3.6 --- Zinc --- p.25 / Chapter 2.5.4 --- Speciation of heavy metals --- p.25 / Chapter 2.5.5 --- Factors affecting the bioavailability of heavy metals --- p.26 / Chapter 2.5.5.1 --- Reaction pH --- p.26 / Chapter 2.5.5.2 --- Organic matter --- p.28 / Chapter 2.5.5.3 --- Fertilizers --- p.29 / Chapter 2.5.6 --- Effect of heavy metals on plant growth --- p.29 / Chapter 2.5.7 --- Effect of heavy metals on animals and water bodies --- p.31 / Chapter 2.6 --- "Lime, heavy metals and plant growth" --- p.32 / Chapter 2.6.1 --- Effect of lime on heavy metal dynamics --- p.32 / Chapter 2.6.1.1 --- Competition with heavy metals for adsorption sites --- p.32 / Chapter 2.6.1.2 --- Immobilization of heavy metals --- p.32 / Chapter 2.6.2 --- Effect of lime on plant growth --- p.34 / Chapter 2.7 --- Effect of precipitation on slopes --- p.35 / Chapter 2.7.1 --- Infiltration --- p.35 / Chapter 2.7.2 --- Surface runoff --- p.38 / Chapter 2.7.3 --- Soil erosion --- p.39 / Chapter 2.8 --- Summary --- p.42 / Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- EFFECT OF SLUDGE AND LIME ON ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS OF COMMON BERMUDAGRASS / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.43 / Chapter 3.2 --- Materials and methods --- p.44 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Materials --- p.45 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Experimental design --- p.46 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Grass clipping and pre-treatment --- p.49 / Chapter 3.3 --- Chemical analysis --- p.50 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Properties of decomposed granite --- p.50 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- "Properties of sludge," --- p.52 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Nitrogen of grass clippings --- p.52 / Chapter 3.4 --- Statistical analysis --- p.53 / Chapter 3.5 --- Results and discussion --- p.54 / Chapter 3.5.1 --- Properties of DG and sludge --- p.54 / Chapter 3.5.2 --- Aboveground biomass of grass --- p.56 / Chapter 3.5.3 --- Effect of sludge on aboveground biomass --- p.63 / Chapter 3.5.4 --- Effect of lime on aboveground biomass --- p.66 / Chapter 3.5.5 --- Synergic effect of sludge and lime on aboveground biomass --- p.68 / Chapter 3.5.6 --- "Effect of sludge on nitrogen uptake by grass shoots," --- p.69 / Chapter 3.6 --- Summary --- p.72 / Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- EFFECT OF SLUDGE AND LIME ON HEAVY METAL UPTAKE BY COMMON BERMUDAGRASS / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.74 / Chapter 4.2 --- Materials and methods --- p.77 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Materials and experimental design --- p.77 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Analysis of heavy metals in grass shoots --- p.77 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Reaction pH at the end of Part 1 --- p.77 / Chapter 4.2.4 --- Statistical analysis --- p.78 / Chapter 4.3 --- Results and discussion --- p.78 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Cumulative uptake of heavy metals by common Bermudagrass --- p.79 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Effect of sludge on heavy metal uptake --- p.84 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- Effect of lime on heavy metal uptake --- p.86 / Chapter 4.3.4 --- Synergic effect of sludge and lime on cumulative heavy metal uptake --- p.88 / Chapter 4.3.5 --- Effect of fertilizer addition --- p.91 / Chapter 4.3.6 --- Concentration of heavy metals in grass --- p.93 / Chapter 4.3.7 --- Effect of pH on heavy metal uptake --- p.98 / Chapter 4.3.8 --- Effect of heavy metal uptake on aboveground biomass --- p.100 / Chapter 4.4 --- Summary --- p.103 / Chapter CHAPTER 5 --- EFFECT OF SLUDGE AND LIME ON HEAVY METALS IN LEACHATE / Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction --- p.106 / Chapter 5.2 --- Materials and methods --- p.107 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Leachate collection --- p.108 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Analysis of leachate --- p.109 / Chapter 5.2.3 --- Statistical analysis --- p.109 / Chapter 5.3 --- Results and discussion --- p.110 / Chapter 5.3.1 --- Effect of sludge and lime on leachate volume --- p.110 / Chapter 5.3.2 --- Leachate pH and the effect of sludge and lime --- p.115 / Chapter 5.3.3 --- Heavy metal contents in leachate --- p.119 / Chapter 5.3.4 --- Effect of sludge and lime on the leaching of heavy metals --- p.121 / Chapter 5.3.5 --- Effect of pH on the leaching of heavy metals --- p.125 / Chapter 5.4 --- Summary --- p.126 / Chapter CHAPTER 6 --- "LEACHATE, SURFACE RUNOFF, SEDIMENT YIELD AND THEIR HEAVY METALS" / Chapter 6.1 --- Introduction --- p.128 / Chapter 6.2 --- Materials and methods --- p.130 / Chapter 6.2.1 --- Materials --- p.130 / Chapter 6.2.2 --- Experimental design --- p.132 / Chapter 6.2.3 --- Rainfall intensities in simulation experiment --- p.134 / Chapter 6.2.4 --- Selection of slope gradient --- p.136 / Chapter 6.2.5 --- Rainfall simulation --- p.136 / Chapter 6.2.6 --- "Leachate, surface runoff and runoff sediment" --- p.137 / Chapter 6.2.7 --- Properties of decomposed granite and sludge --- p.138 / Chapter 6.2.8 --- "Heavy metals in leachate, surface runoff and runoff sediment" --- p.139 / Chapter 6.2.9 --- Statistical analysis --- p.140 / Chapter 6.3 --- Results and discussion --- p.140 / Chapter 6.3.1 --- Properties of DG and sludge --- p.140 / Chapter 6.3.2 --- "Leachate, surface runoff and runoff sediment production" --- p.142 / Chapter 6.3.3 --- "Heavy metal concentrations in leachate, surface runoff and runoff sediment" --- p.153 / Chapter 6.3.3.1 --- Heavy metal concentrations in leachate --- p.153 / Chapter 6.3.3.2 --- Heavy metal concentrations in runoff --- p.163 / Chapter 6.3.4 --- Cumulative loss of heavy metals --- p.170 / Chapter 6.3.4.1 --- Cumulative loss of heavy metals from leachate --- p.170 / Chapter 6.3.4.2 --- Cumulative loss of heavy metals from runoff --- p.178 / Chapter 6.3.4.3 --- "Heavy metal loss from leachate, surface runoff and runoff sediment" --- p.185 / Chapter 6.4 --- Summary --- p.189 / Chapter CHAPTER 7 --- CONCLUSIONS / Chapter 7.1 --- Summary of major findings --- p.192 / Chapter 7.2 --- Implications of the study --- p.196 / Chapter 7.2.1 --- Potential use of sludge in slope bioengineering works --- p.196 / Chapter 7.2.2 --- Measures to optimize the benefits of sludge in land application --- p.198 / Chapter 7.3 --- Limitations of the study --- p.200 / Chapter 7.4 --- Suggestions for further study --- p.202 / REFERENCES --- p.206 / APPENDICES --- p.220

Identiferoai:union.ndltd.org:cuhk.edu.hk/oai:cuhk-dr:cuhk_326185
Date January 2007
ContributorsLam, Shu Kee., Chinese University of Hong Kong Graduate School. Division of Geography and Resource Management.
Source SetsThe Chinese University of Hong Kong
LanguageEnglish, Chinese
Detected LanguageEnglish
TypeText, bibliography
Formatprint, xvii, 239 leaves : ill. (some col.) ; 30 cm.
CoverageChina, Hong Kong, China, Hong Kong, China, Hong Kong
RightsUse of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Page generated in 0.0041 seconds