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The association of CTLA-4 gene with childhood graves' disease in Hong Kong Chinese.

Yung Chung Ming Edmund. / Thesis submitted in: September 2005. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 44-54). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Title Page / Contents / Abstract / 摘要 / List of Figures and tables / Abbreviations / Text / References / Chapter Chapter 1: --- General Introduction / Chapter 1.1 --- An overview to the study of CTLA-4 gene in childhood Graves' disease (GD) / Chapter 1.1.1 --- "Graves' disease 226}0ؤ features, incidence, aetiology and pathogenesis page" / Chapter 1.1.1.1 --- GD features 226}0ؤ from clinical to laboratory --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.1.2 --- GD incidence - from adult to children --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.1.3 --- GD aetiology - from environment to genes --- p.3 / Chapter 1.1.1.4 --- GD pathogenesis - from auto-antigen to autoantibody --- p.4 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- CTLA-4 gene study in Graves' disease --- p.5 / Chapter 1.1.3 --- Conclusion --- p.6 / Chapter 1.2 --- "Objectives, hypothesis and planning of the study" --- p.7 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Objectives --- p.7 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Hypothesis --- p.7 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- Planning --- p.7 / Chapter Chapter 2: --- Literature Review --- p.8 / Chapter 2.1 --- The CD28 / CTLA-4: B7 co-stimulatory pathway and Graves' disease --- p.8 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Overview of co-stimulation and T cell activation --- p.8 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Overview of the CD28 gene --- p.9 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Overview of the CTLA-4 gene --- p.10 / Chapter 2.1.4 --- Co-stimulation and Graves' disease --- p.13 / Chapter 2.2 --- The study of CTLA-4 gene polymorphism in Graves' disease --- p.14 / Chapter Chapter 3: --- Methodology --- p.16 / Chapter 3.1 --- Recruitment of subjects --- p.16 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Recruitment of cases --- p.16 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Recruitment of controls --- p.16 / Chapter 3.1.3 --- Ethical approval --- p.17 / Chapter 3.2 --- Peripheral blood collection and genomic DNA preparation --- p.17 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Peripheral blood collection --- p.17 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- White blood cell harvesting --- p.17 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- White blood cell digestion --- p.17 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- DNA extraction --- p.17 / Chapter 3.3 --- Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification of CTLA-4 gene exon one --- p.18 / Chapter 3 .4 --- PCR-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis of CTLA-4 gene codon 17 A/G dimorphism --- p.19 / Chapter 3.5 --- PCR-Single Strand Conformational Polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis of of CTLA-4 gene codon 17 A/G dimorphism --- p.21 / Chapter 3.5.1 --- Preparation of SSCP gel and buffer --- p.21 / Chapter 3.5.2 --- ´5ةend labelling of forward PCR primer --- p.21 / Chapter 3.5.3 --- Preparation of PCR fragment for SSCP analysis --- p.21 / Chapter 3.5.4 --- SSCP analysis --- p.22 / Chapter 3.5.5 --- Autoradiography --- p.22 / Chapter 3.6 --- Sequence confirmation of the SSCP fragment by PCR cycle sequencing --- p.22 / Chapter 3.6.1 --- Preparation of sequencing template from SSCP fragment --- p.22 / Chapter 3.6.2 --- PCR cycle sequencing --- p.23 / Chapter 3.6.3 --- Preparation of cycle sequencing products for electrophoresis --- p.23 / Chapter 3.6.4 --- Sequencing by capillary electrophoresis (CE) --- p.24 / Chapter 3.7 --- Statistical analysis --- p.24 / Chapter Chapter 4: --- Results and Data Analysis --- p.26 / Chapter 4.1 --- Results --- p.26 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- Demographic data of case and control subjects --- p.26 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- PCR amplification of CTLA-4 gene exon one --- p.26 / Chapter 4.1.3 --- PCR-RFLP analysis of CTLA-4 gene codon 17 A/G dimorphism locus --- p.26 / Chapter 4.1.4 --- PCR-SSCP analysis of CTLA-4 gene codon 17 A/G dimorphism locus --- p.29 / Chapter 4.1.5 --- PCR cycle sequencing of the SSCP fragments --- p.31 / Chapter 4.2 --- Data analysis --- p.32 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Overview of data --- p.32 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- CTLA-4 exon one polymorphism analysed with respect to sex --- p.32 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- CTLA-4 exon one polymorphism in patients with Graves' disease and controls --- p.34 / Chapter Chapter 5: --- Discussion --- p.36 / Chapter Chapter 6: --- Summary and Conclusions --- p.42

Identiferoai:union.ndltd.org:cuhk.edu.hk/oai:cuhk-dr:cuhk_325559
Date January 2006
ContributorsYung, Chung Ming Edmund., Chinese University of Hong Kong Graduate School. Division of Medical Sciences.
Source SetsThe Chinese University of Hong Kong
LanguageEnglish, Chinese
Detected LanguageEnglish
TypeText, bibliography
Formatprint, xiv, 54 leaves : ill. (some col.) ; 30 cm.
CoverageChina, Hong Kong, China, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
RightsUse of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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