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Previous issue date: 2010-05-31 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This study was conducted in two stages, with different experiments and culminating in two
chapters. The first focuses on the evaluation of the influence of the complex technology used in
transgenic soybean in the biological aspects of Urbanus acawoios (Williams, 1926) (Lepidoptera:
Hesperiidae). Four plots of soybeans were grown, three of genetically modified soybean cultivar
P98R62 (soybean GMRR) and with a conventional soybean cultivar BRS 232 (Soybean conv.).
Only two plots with transgenic herbicide were applied at a concentration of 1200 g ai ha-1, the
Roundup Ready ? and Roundup ? WG, both applied twice, 25 and 45 days after emergence. 125
eggs coming from a butterfly rearing in the open air, and from the same female, were used to
assembly the five treatments each with 25 larvae, which are made of larvae fed on leaves of
Soybean conv., Soy GMRR without herbicide application, soy GMRR treated with glyphosate in
Roundup Ready ?, GMRR treated with glyphosate in Roundup ? WG and leaves of C.
fairchildiana. The mortality rate of larvae was higher in treatments containing soy GMRR, with
or without herbicide, when compared with the mortality of larvae fed with C. fairchildiana and
soybean conv. The pupae originated from larvae fed on soy conv. and C. fairchildiana were
shown 100% viable, as coming from the GMRR treated with Roundup Ready ?, Roundup ? WG
and without herbicide, were shown up 84.6%, 87.5% and 88.2% viable, respectively. The second
chapter deals with an assessment of the influence of pollen from transgenic corn resistant to
insects on Galleria mellonella (Linnaeus, 1758) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). This is a lepidopteran
pyralids associated with beehives; their larvae feed on old wax, pollen, exuviae, etc. There are
conflicting opinions about its safety to bees, beekeeping and therefore, to consider a pest of
apiaries, others to classify as an important organism in the recycling of organic matter inside the
hive. This last view may be considered beneficial to bees. Within this context, the adoption of
transgenic crops resistant to insects by expressing the Bt protein from Bacillus thuringiensis, may
cause disease of the larvae of G. mellonella. Bees to collect pollen and store in the hives can
expose this lepidopteran to intoxication by Bt proteins present in pollen. This study aims to
evaluate the influence of Bt corn pollen on G. mellonella and then trace a discussion about the
possibility of the condition field of Lepidoptera. For this a bioassay was performed, where it was
offered to the larvae pollen Bt, conventional and commercial. The duration of the larval stage of
G. mellonella was affected by the supply of pollen, and the corn by conventional or transgenic,
provided the biggest records. Mortality was higher in individuals fed with transgenic pollen and
bee wax, but did not differ from other foods, when pollen from Bt was offered honeycomb of
Apis mellifera. The width and length of larvae originated from larvae fed with bee wax added to
conventional or transgenic pollen were lower than other treatments. The corn pollen,
conventional or GM alone is a less suitable food for the development of G. mellonella, in relation
to a diet consisting of pollen from various plants. / O presente trabalho foi realizado em duas etapas, com experimentais distintos, e que resultaram
em dois cap?tulos. O primeiro versa sobre a avalia??o da influ?ncia do complexo tecnol?gico
empregado na soja transg?nica, em aspectos biol?gicos de Urbanus acawoios (Williams, 1926)
(Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae). Quatro canteiros de soja foram cultivados, sendo tr?s com soja
geneticamente modificada cultivar P98R62 (soja GMRR) e um com soja convencional, cultivar
BRS 232 (soja conv.). Somente em dois canteiros com plantas transg?nicas foi aplicado o
herbicida na concentra??o de 1200 g ia ha-1, nas formula??es Roundup Ready? e Roundup WG?,
ambos aplicados duas vezes, aos 25 e 45 dias ap?s a emerg?ncia das pl?ntulas. Ovos provindos
de uma cria??o em borbolet?rio ao ar livre, e oriundos de uma mesma f?mea, foram utilizados
para montagem de cinco tratamentos com 25 lagartas cada, sendo estes constitu?dos por lagartas
alimentadas com folhas de soja conv. soja GMRR sem aplica??o do herbicida, soja GMRR tratada
com glifosato na formula??o Roundup Ready?, GMRR tratada com glifosato na formula??o
Roundup WG? e folhas de C. fairchildiana. A mortalidade de larvas foi superior nos tratamentos
que continham soja GMRR, com ou sem aplica??o de herbicida, quando comparada com a
mortalidade das larvas alimentadas com C. fairchildiana e soja conv. As pupas provindas de
lagartas alimentadas com soja conv. e C. fairchildiana apresentaram-se 100% vi?veis, j? as
provindas de GMRR tratada com Roundup Ready?, Roundup WG? e sem aplica??o de herbicida,
apresentaram-se 84,6%; 87,5% e 88,2% vi?veis, respectivamente. O segundo cap?tulo versa sobre
a avalia??o da influ?ncia do p?len do milho transg?nico resistente a insetos, sobre Galleria
mellonella (Linnaeus, 1758) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Esse piral?deo ? um lepid?ptero associado
? colm?ias de abelhas, suas larvas se alimentam de cera velha, p?len, ex?vias etc. Existem
opini?es contr?rias quanto a sua inocuidade ?s abelhas, e conseq?entemente a produ??o ap?cola,
certos investigadores o consideram pragas de api?rios, j? outros o classificam como um
organismo importante na reciclagem de mat?ria org?nica dentro das colm?ias. Nessa ultima
vis?o, podem ser considerados ben?ficos ?s abelhas. Dentro desse contexto, a ado??o de cultivos
transg?nicos resistentes a insetos pela a express?o da prote?na Bt, de Bacillus thuringiensis,
poder? causar afec??o das larvas de G. mellonella. As abelhas ao coletarem p?len e armazenar
nas colm?ias podem expor esse lepid?ptero a intoxica??o pela prote?na Bt presente no p?len. O
presente trabalho tem o objetivo de avaliar a influ?ncia do p?len do milho Bt sobre G. mellonella
e com isso tra?ar uma discuss?o sobre a possibilidade de afec??o ? campo deste lepid?ptero. Para
isso foi realizado um ensaio biol?gico, onde foi ofertado ?s larvas p?len Bt, convencional e
comercial. A dura??o da fase larval de G. mellonella foi afetada pela oferta de p?len, sendo que o
do milho, convencional ou transg?nico, forneceu os maiores registros na dura??o. A mortalidade
foi superior nos indiv?duos alimentados com cera virgem e p?len transg?nico, no entanto n?o
diferiu dos demais alimentos, quando junto ao p?len Bt, foi ofertado favo de Apis mellifera. A
largura e comprimento das pupas provindas de lagartas alimentadas com cera virgem adicionada
ao p?len transg?nico ou convencional, foram inferiores aos demais tratamentos. O p?len do
milho, convencional ou transg?nico, por si s? ? um alimento menos adequado ao
desenvolvimento de G. mellonella, em rela??o a uma dieta composta por p?len de v?rias plantas.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:localhost:tede/487 |
| Date | 31 May 2010 |
| Creators | Trevisan, Henrique |
| Contributors | Carvalho, Acacio Geraldo de |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Curso de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncias Ambientais e Florestais, UFRRJ, Brasil, Ci?ncias Agr?rias |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ, instname:Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, instacron:UFRRJ |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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