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Previous issue date: 2015-07-22 / The need of producing polymeric artifacts increasingly powerful and versatile but which have increasingly lower biodegradation times motivates the scientific community to seek combinations of natural and synthetic polymers in order to meet both aspects. The manufacture of the blend LDPE/TPS Starch / Chitosan aims to go against that objective. The biodegradation occurs mostly in the soil. Trying to understand the dynamics of the biodegradation process in soil, this paper monitored the effects caused by deposition of the blend, analyzing different parameters, such as organic carbon, organic matter and microbial carbon, indicating levels of soil quality.The blends were prepared with different concentrations of chitosan, with values set to 0, 7, 5 and 15% of total mass and buried in pure soil and soil treated with humus. The analysis periods were 10, 40, 70, 100 and 130 days, with samples being exposed to the environment. Infrared analysis were performed using Fourier transform, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy with spectroscopy dispersive energy before and after biodegradation mass loss, after the biodegradation process of the blends. Organic carbon, organic matter, microbial carbon, pH and moisture in the soil.The results obtained after analysis in blend showed that with the passage of time, the biodegradation process happened, considering that carbon levels dropped considerably and oxygen were increased in accordance with the EDS analysis. The FTIR analysis confirmed this fact by showing that there was an intese oxidative process, especially in the initial 70 days in all samples. The X-RD analysis showed that there was a variationin crystallinity, but always with a decrease of this paramenter. The weight loss was also significant and progressive in all samples. Soil results showed that the same is resilient and can recover its characteristics during the biodegradation process. At the beginning of the experiment, especially in the first 40 ays, all evaluated paramenters declined considerably, but returned to baseline levels and maintained these values by the end of the experiment. Experimental design was made and it showed that none of the dependent variables influenced the biodegradion process. / A necessidade de produzir artefatos polim?ricos cada vez mais vers?teis e ?performantes? e que apresentem caracter?sticas de biodegrada??o cada vez mais acentuadas tem motivado a comunidade cient?fica a buscar combina??es entre pol?meros sint?ticos e naturais com o objetivo de atender esses aspectos. O desenvolvimento de blendas de polietileno de baixa densidade/amido termopl?stico/quitosana (PEBD/TPS/Q) e de amido termopl?stico/quitosana (TPS/Q) visou ir de encontro a tal objetivo, procurando entender a din?mica do processo biodegradativo no solo. O presente trabalho acompanhou os efeitos causados pela deposi??o dessas blendas, analisando diferentes par?metros, como carbono org?nico total, massa org?nica total e carbono de biomassa microbiana, que indicam n?veis de qualidade do solo, al?m da perda de massa ap?s cada per?odo de biodegrada??o. As blendas de PEBD/TPS/Q e TPS/Q foram preparadas com diferentes concentra??es de quitosana, com valores definidos em 0, 7,5 e 15% da massa total e enterradas em solo puro e solo tratado com h?mus. Os per?odos de an?lise de biodegrada??o foram de 10, 40, 70, 100 e 130 dias, com as amostras sendo expostas ao ambiente. As blendas foram analisadas por espectroscopia de infravermelho com transformada de Fourier (FTIR), difra??o de raios-X (DRX), microscopia eletr?nica de varredura com espectroscopia de energia dispersiva (MEV/EDS), e quanto a perda de massa, antes e ap?s o processo de biodegrada??o. Tamb?m foram realizadas an?lises de carbono org?nico total, massa org?nica total, concentra??o de carbono de biomassa microbiana, pH e umidade dos solos utilizados. Os resultados comprovaram o processo biodegradativo das blendas com o passar do tempo, tendo em vista a diminui??o dos n?veis de carbono e aumento consider?vel dos n?veis de oxig?nio das blendas de PEBD/TPS/Q, de acordo com as an?lises de FTIR e EDS, e total biodegrada??o das blendas de TPS/Q. As bandas de FTIR comprovaram a ocorr?ncia do processo oxidativo, principalmente nos 70 dias iniciais, nas amostras de PEBD/TPS/Q. As an?lises de DRX mostraram que houve uma varia??o da cristalinidade, com a tend?ncia de diminui??o deste par?metro. A perda de massa tamb?m foi consider?vel e progressiva para todas as amostras. Os resultados de an?lise das amostras de solo mostraram o poder de recupera??o da atividade microbiana dos mesmos (resili?ncia) durante o processo biodegradativo. No per?odo inicial do experimento, em especial nos primeiros 40 dias, todos os par?metros avaliados sofreram decaimento de seus valores, por?m retornaram aos patamares iniciais e mantiveram esses valores at? o final do experimento. O planejamento experimental realizado mostrou que nenhuma das vari?veis independentes influenciou no processo de bioatividade do solo.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:localhost:jspui/1806 |
| Date | 22 July 2015 |
| Creators | GOMES, Vinicius Olivieri Rodrigues |
| Contributors | Dilma Alves Costa, Dilma Alves Costa, Costa, Dilma Alves, Silva, Waleska Giannini Pereira da, Pereira, Tatiana Faria |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Engenharia Qu?mica, UFRRJ, Brasil, Instituto de Tecnologia |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | Portuguese |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ, instname:Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, instacron:UFRRJ |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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