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Previous issue date: 2015-03-12 / Tooth movement in response to orthodontic forces is results from remodeling changes that affect the periodontal ligament and the bone surrounding teeth. This movement may be faster or slower depending on the physical characteristics of the force applied and the biological response induced, and is characterized by zones of compression and tension on the periodontal ligament. Knowledge about the tissue changes generated in this process is essential to plan the movement of teeth and their adjoining structures into a new position without any damage to tissues. In this study, the literature was reviewed to improve our understanding of the cellular, biochemical and molecular phenomena that affect the structures of the periodontal ligament (PL), as well as the alveolar bone surrounding the tooth and involved in the tooth movement that is induced in the process. The purpose of our systematic review was to evaluate studies about cytokines in gingival fluid (GF) during orthodontic treatment, summarize the patterns of cytokine regulation that have been more frequently studied and discuss their clinical implications. Additionally, we investigated changes in immunological and bone modulators in response to the application of orthodontic forces. For that purpose, GF of teeth that were involved in maxillary expansion was evaluated qualitatively to measure interleukin concentrations and their predictive value as a market of inflammatory response intensity and bone turnover during orthodontic movement. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate whether the force applied on the PL during maxillary expansion affected the composition of the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), specifically the level of IL-17 on the sides where tension and compression were applied. GCF samples were collected from the mesiobuccal and mesiolingual areas of 32 molars of 16 patients aged 7 to 14 years who had to undergo maxillary expansion. These patients started orthodontic treatment sometime between 2012 and 2013 at the School of Dentistry of the Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil. Metal bands were placed around the permanent maxillary first molars to hold a modified Hyrax expander. One of the investigators collected clinical data about the sites listed above during activation of the expander. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect interleukin levels. The sites were examined to measure IL-17 before the device was placed and at 1, 7 and 14 days of active use of the expander. The forces applied resulted in an increase in IL-17 expression in periodontal tissues one day after the application of tension and compression at both measurement sites. IL-17 levels tended to be higher (p ? 0.05) seven days after the Hyrax screw was activated. From that time to the fourteenth day, there was a tendency to a decrease in IL-17 levels (p ? 0.05). We concluded that there was an increase in IL-17 expression at both tension and compression sites in response to force application. / O movimento dent?rio promovido por for?as ortod?nticas ? baseado em altera??es remodeladoras que ocorrem no ligamento periodontal e no osso que circundam os dentes. Este movimento pode ocorrer de forma mais r?pida ou lenta, dependendo das caracter?sticas f?sicas da for?a aplicada e da resposta biol?gica induzida e ? caracterizado por cria??o de zonas de compress?o e tens?o no ligamento periodontal. O conhecimento das altera??es teciduais geradas ? essencial para o planejamento do movimento do dente e de suas estruturas anexas para uma nova posi??o, sem danos aos tecidos. Neste estudo, uma revis?o de literatura teve como objetivo possibilitar a compreens?o dos fen?menos celulares, bioqu?micos e moleculares que ocorrem nas estruturas do ligamento periodontal (PDL) e, tamb?m do osso alveolar ao redor do dente e que est?o envolvidos na movimenta??o dent?ria induzida. A revis?o sistem?tica teve como objetivo avaliar estudos sobre citocinas no fluido gengival (GCF) durante o tratamento ortod?ntico, resumindo os padr?es de regula??o das citocinas mais estudadas e explorar suas implica??es cl?nicas. Al?m disso, foram investigadas altera??es dos moduladores imunol?gicos e ?sseos em resposta a aplica??o da for?a ortod?ntica. Para tanto o fluido gengival de dentes submetidos ao procedimento de expans?o maxilar foi avaliado qualitativamente verificando concentra??es de interleucinas e seu valor preditivo como marcador da intensidade da resposta inflamat?ria e turnover ?sseo na movimenta??o ortod?ntica. O objetivo da investiga??o foi avaliar se a for?a aplicada sobre o ligamento periodontal durante a expans?o maxilar se reflete na composi??o do Fluido do Sulco Gengival (FSG), mais especificamente no n?vel de interleucina IL-17 dos lados de tens?o ou compress?o. As amostras do FSG foram coletadas das regi?es mesiovestibulares e m?siopalatinas de 32 molares de 16 pacientes com idade entre 7 a 14 anos, que tinham necessidade de expans?o maxilar. Estes pacientes iniciaram o tratamento ortod?ntico durante o per?odo compreendido entre 2012 e 2013, na Faculdade de Odontologia da Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS). Eles receberam an?is nos primeiro molares permanentes superiores para a confec??o de um aparelho disjuntor de Hyrax modificado. Os dados cl?nicos foram coletados por um investigador nas regi?es supracitadas durante o per?odo de ativa??o do aparelho. Empregando-se o ensaio imunoenzim?tico (ELISA) foram detectados os n?veis da interleucina. Os locais foram analisados para IL-17 antes da coloca??o do aparelho, 1, 7 e 14 dias de uso ativo do aparelho. As for?as empregadas resultaram em um aumento da express?o de IL-17 nos tecidos periodontais ap?s um dia de aplica??o em ambos os lados, de tens?o e compress?o. Os n?veis de IL-17 tenderam a ser maiores (p ? 0,05) ap?s sete dias de ativa??o do parafuso. Deste momento, at? o d?cimo quarto dia, observou-se uma tend?ncia para diminui??o dos n?veis de IL-17 (p ? 0,05). Concluiu-se que houve um aumento na express?o de IL-17 em ambos os locais, de tens?o e compress?o, em resposta ? aplica??o de for?a.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:tede2.pucrs.br:tede/6006 |
| Date | 12 March 2015 |
| Creators | Allgayer, Susiane |
| Contributors | Menezes, Luciane Macedo de |
| Publisher | Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Odontologia, PUCRS, Brasil, Faculdade de Odontologia |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS, instname:Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, instacron:PUC_RS |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Relation | -8096554818733665164, 600, 600, 600, 4673435736271820140, -2070498469879244349 |
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