Purpose: The objective of this thesis is to evaluate clinical studies that have used oncolytic viruses as treatment and to compare their treatment-outcomes on patients with malignant glioma. Method: This thesis is a systematic literature review where PubMed has been used as the database for data collection. Two searches were done using the search phrases oncolytic virus AND Glioma and oncolytic virus AND brain tumor. Several of the articles showed up multiple times in different searches. After having applied the inclusion criteria, ten of the seventeen articles were removed. Remaining were seven articles used for the thesis. Results: The study conducted by Forsythe et al., using reovirus showed the median overall survival (OS) to be 21 weeks and the median time to progression (TTP) was 4.3 weeks. The study conducted by Kicielinski et al., using REOLYSIN showed the median OS to be 140 days. Median TTP was 61 days. The study conducted by Geletneky et al., 2017 was the first dose-escalating clinical trial for the use of H-1 parvovirus. The median TTP was 111 days and the median OS was 464 days. The study conducted by Lang et al., DNX-2401 was used and in group A the median OS time was 9.5 months. In group B the median OS in the group was 13 months. In another example of an oncolytic adenovirus is ONYX-015, the median TTP after treatment for all patients was 46 days. The median OS for patients diagnosed with glioblastoma multiforme was 4.9 months and for patients with anaplastic astrocytoma and anaplastic oligodendroglioma was 11.3 months across. In a study conducted by Freeman et al. using newcastle disease virus, the OS ranged from 3-66 weeks from the start of treatment and TTP ranged from 2-53 weeks. The study conducted by Markert et al., the median OS from treatment with G207 was 7.5 months. The median TTP was around 2.5 months. Conclusion: Oncolytic viruses are promising agents for treatment against malignant gliomas. No definite outcomes of the treatment could be concluded, however, the median survival was extended in certain cases. The patients tolerated the oncolytic viruses well with no adverse effects correlated with the treatments. There are currently more virus vectors being tested as new developments are needed in this field.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:UPSALLA1/oai:DiVA.org:uu-412395 |
| Date | January 2020 |
| Creators | Tehranipour, Pegah |
| Publisher | Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för farmaceutisk biovetenskap |
| Source Sets | DiVA Archive at Upsalla University |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Student thesis, info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis, text |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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