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Previous issue date: 2013-06-28 / Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte / The genus Herpsilochmus is composed mainly of cryptic species, among them is
Herpsilochmus rufimarginatus, which is currently represented by four subspecies: H. r.
rufimarginatus, H. r. frater, H. r. scapularis and H. r. exiguus. Differences in plumage and
vocalization suggest that there are more than one species involved in this complex. Thus this
and other subspecific taxa need urgent revision, the disjunct distribution of this species also
allows us to infer the relationship between birds that occur in this biome and / or different
centers of endemism. This study aims to make a taxonomic revision of the taxa included in
the complex time Herpsilochmus rufimarginatus based on morphological, morphometric,
vocals and geographical distribution of this bird. Besides creating distribution models current
potential and make the reconstruction of the distribution bygone using ecological niche
modeling, and testing the niche conservatism and divergence between different subspecies.
Consultations for examination of the skins of specimens of the museums: Museum of
Zoology, University of S?o Paulo (MZUSP), National Museum of Rio de Janeiro (MN) and
Emilio Goeldi Museum of Par? (MPEG), and the skins deposited at the collection of
Ornithological Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (COUFRN). We studied the
following measures length of specimens: exposed culmen, culmen and total culmen nostril,
tarsus, wing and tail flattened. The voice analysis was performed with vocalizations banks
and / or digital banks people where 17 voice parameters were measured. This information and
more available in the literature were used to assemble a bunch of data under the limit
distribution of taxa and generate ecological niche models. This analyzes carried out in the
program Maxent, having as model selection criterion the AUC, and the models were greater
than 0.80 are considered good models. Environmental data for the realization of the modeling
were downloaded on the website of Worldclim. The morphometric information, vocals and
geographic distribution point for the separation of these taxa to be considering various uni and
multivariate analyzes. The potential distribution models performed well (AUC> 0.80), and its
distribution associated with environmental characteristics of the Amazon forest and Atlantic
forest (forests of south and southeast, northeast and forest). The reconstruction of the
distribution indicates a possible contact between the southern part of the Atlantic forest in the
northern part of the Amazon. The analysis of niche overlap showed a low overlap between
taxa and comparisons between the null model and the generated overlay link probably
occurring niche conservatism. The data suggest that the taxa that occur in the Amazon and
Atlantic forest represent three distinct species / O g?nero Herpsilochmus ? composto principalmente por esp?cies cr?pticas, entre elas est?
Herpsilochmus rufimarginatus, que atualmente ? representado por quatro subesp?cies: H. r.
rufimarginatus, H. r. frater, H. r. scapularis e H. r. exiguus. Diferen?as na plumagem e
vocaliza??o sugerem que existam mais de uma esp?cie envolvida nesse complexo. Sendo
assim esse e outros t?xons subespec?ficos precisa de revis?o urgente, a distribui??o disjunta
dessa esp?cie tamb?m possibilita inferir a rela??o entre essas aves que ocorrem em biomas
e/ou centros de endemismos diferentes. Esse estudo tem como objetivo fazer a revis?o
taxon?mica dos t?xons hora inclu?dos no complexo Herpsilochmus rufimarginatus com base
em caracteres morfol?gicos, morfom?tricos, vocais e distribui??o geogr?fica dessa ave. Al?m
criar modelos de distribui??o potencial atual e fazer a reconstru??o da distribui??o pret?rita
usando modelagem de nicho ecol?gico, e testar o conservadorismo e diverg?ncia de nicho
entre as diferentes subesp?cies. Foram realizadas consultas para exame das peles dos
esp?cimes presentes nos museus: Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de S?o Paulo
(MZUSP), Museu Nacional (MN) e Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi (MPEG), e as peles
depositadas na Cole??o de Ornitol?gica da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
(COUFRN). Foram verificadas as seguintes medidas de comprimento dos esp?cimes: culmen
exposto, culmen total e culmen narina, tarso, asa achatada e cauda. A an?lise vocal foi
realizada com vocaliza??es de bancos digitais e/ou de bancos pessoas, onde foram
mensurados 17 par?metros vocais. Essas informa??es e mais as dispon?veis em literatura
serviram para montar um bando de dados sob o limite de distribui??o dos t?xons e gerar os
modelos de nicho ecol?gico. As an?lises realizadas no programa Maxent, tendo como crit?rio
de sele??o de modelo os valores de AUC, sendo os modelos que tiveram valores maiores que
0,80 s?o considerados bons modelos. Os dados ambientais para realiza??o da modelagem
foram baixados no site do WorldClim. As informa??es morfom?tricas, vocais e distribui??o
geogr?fica apontam para a para a separa??o desses t?xons seja levando em considera??o
an?lises multivariadas e uni variadas. Os modelos de distribui??o potencial tiveram bom
desempenho (AUC > 0,80), sendo a sua distribui??o associada a caracter?sticas ambientais da
floresta Amaz?nica e Mata Atl?ntica (florestas do sul e sudeste, e floresta do nordeste). A
reconstru??o da distribui??o aponta um poss?vel contato entre a parte sul da Mata Atl?ntica
com a parte norte da Amaz?nica. A an?lise de sobreposi??o de nicho apontou uma baixa
sobreposi??o entre os t?xons e as compara??es entre modelo nulo e os gerados de
sobreposi??o apontam provavelmente que ocorre conservadorismo de nicho. As informa??es sugerem que os t?xons que ocorrem na Amaz?nia e Mata Atl?ntica representam tr?s esp?cies
distintas, sendo uma delas uma esp?cie n?o descrita
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/18132 |
| Date | 28 June 2013 |
| Creators | Silva, Marcelo da |
| Contributors | CPF:50373625987, http://lattes.cnpq.br/5696697654544552, Lima, Sergio Maia Queiroz, CPF:08556252796, http://lattes.cnpq.br/8316105480397252, Bornschein, Marcos Ricardo, CPF:78764637972, http://lattes.cnpq.br/1111188704769972, Pichorim, Mauro |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Sistem?tica e Evolu??o, UFRN, BR, Ci?ncias Biol?gicas |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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