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souza_av_dr_botfca.pdf: 1549773 bytes, checksum: 84b4a67f035a5e2a2ded161bbf59589c (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Outra / O bioma Cerrado e uma das regioes mais ricas do Brasil no tocante a diversidade de plantas medicinais, sendo atualmente, considerado uma area ghotspots h devido o alto grau de endemismo das especies e a velocidade de degradacao que vem sofrendo. Anemopaegma arvense, Mandevilla illustris e Mandevilla velutina, sao plantas medicinais endemicas do cerrado, muito utilizadas na medicina popular devido suas propriedades terapeuticas. A coleta indiscriminada realizada pela populacao, como tambem por laboratorios farmaceuticos para a fabricacao de medicamentos, tem colocado essas especies em risco de extincao. Ferramentas biotecnologicas como a tecnica da micropropagacao e biologia molecular para analise do DNA, tem sido amplamente usadas para a producao, conservacao e analise da diversidade genetica de especies nativas. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivos estudar a variabilidade genetica em diferentes populacoes de M. velutina por meio do marcador molecular RAPD e estabelecer a conservacao em bancos de germoplasma in vitro; desenvolver protocolos eficientes de enraizamento in vitro para A. arvense, M. illustris e M. velutina; verificar a ocorrencia e identificar especies de micorrizas, avaliando a colonizacao em raizes de plantas de diferentes populacoes e variedades de A. arvense. Para os estudos de enraizamento in vitro, as brotacoes foram submetidas a acao de diferentes substancias que apresentam efeito sobre a formacao de raizes adventicias, sob variadas condicoes. Para a analise da diversidade genetica, utilizou-se a tecnica de Polimosfirmo de DNA Amplificado ao Acaso (RAPD) e para os estudos micorrizicos, realizou-se a avaliacao da infeccao micorrizica nas raizes e a identificacao de especies de fungos micorrizicos extraidos do solo. As especies comportaram-se de maneira diferente quanto a inducao de raizes adventicias in vitro, mostrando a influencia direta do genotipo no processo de enraizamento. Para as especies M. illustris / The Bioma Cerrado is one of the richest regions in Brazil due to the variety of native medicinal plants, and nowadays it is considered a hotspot area because of the high degree of endemism of the species and the speed of degradation that it has been submitted. Anemopaegma arvense, Mandevilla illustris and Mandevilla velutina, are medicinal plants endemic of Cerrado very used in the popular medicine due to their therapeutic properties. The indiscriminate collection accomplished by the population, as well by pharmaceutical laboratories for the formulation of medicines, has put those species in risk of extinction. Biotechnological tools as the technique of micropropagation and molecular biology for the analysis of the DNA, have been widely used for the production, conservation and analysis of the genetic diversity of native species. In this context, the current work was investigate the genetic variability in different populations of M. velutina by means of molecular marker RAPD and to establish a protocol for in vitro conservation in germplasm bank; to develop efficient protocol of in vitro rooting for A. arvense, M. illustris and M. velutina; to verify the occurrence and to identify species of mycorrhiza, colonizing plant roots of different populations and varieties of A. arvense. For the studies of in vitro rooting, the plantlets were exposed to the action of different exogenous substances that a effect the formation of adventious roots, under several conditions. For the analysis of genetic diversity, it was used the technique of Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA at (RAPD) and for the studies on influence of mycorrhizal infection on root development and identification of species of fungi present in the soil. The species behaved in a different ways of induction of adventious roots in vitro. For the species M. illustris and A. arvense, 73,3% e 50% of plantlets rooted after fifteen days in treatment with 1 and 2 mg.L-1 of NAA, respectively. For M.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/103260 |
| Date | 15 August 2006 |
| Creators | Souza, Ana Valéria de [UNESP] |
| Contributors | Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Pereira, Ana Maria Soares [UNESP] |
| Publisher | Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
| Format | ix, 218 f. : il., gráfs., tabs. |
| Source | Aleph, reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP, instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista, instacron:UNESP |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Relation | -1, -1 |
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