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Previous issue date: 2009-05-29 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The food chain theory predict that presence of omnivory prevent the trophic cascade and could be a strong stabilizing factor over resource and consumer community dynamics, and that the nutrient enrichment destabilize populations dynamics. Most of the freshwater tropical reservoirs are eutrophic, and strategies that seek improve the water quality through the control of phytoplankton biomass and nutrient input, become essential for the improvement and preservation of water quality. The aim of this study was test the zooplanktivory (when larvae) and omnivory (when young and adult) effects of Nile Tilapia over the structure and dynamics of plankton communities, in addition or absence of nutrients enrichment. For this, one field experiment was performed with a factorial design 2x3 resulting in six treatments: control, without fish and nutrient (C); with omnivorous fish (O); with zooplanktivorous fish (Z); without fish and with enrichment of nutrients (NP); with omnivorous fish and nutrients (ONP); and, with zooplanktivorous fish and nutrients (ZNP). The two planktivory types reduced the zooplankton biomass and increased the phytoplankton biomass, but the omnivory of filter-feeding fish attenuated the trophic cascade magnitude. The fertilization by nutrients increases the nutrient concentrations in water and the phytoplankton biomass, but the effect on zooplankton is dependent of the trophic structure. In a general way, the effects of the fish and nutrient addition were addictive, but significant interactions among those factors were observed in the answer of some zooplankton groups. The effects of omnivorous fish over the temporal variability of phytoplankton and zooplankton biomass were very variable, the increase or reduce in variability of the plankton depending of the level of nutrients and of the analyzed variable. With base in this study, we conclude that the planktivory type exercised by the fish and the concentrations of nutrients in the water affects the force of pelagic trophic cascades and probably the success of biomanipulation programs for the handling of water quality in lakes and tropical reservoirs / A teoria de cadeias alimentares prev? que a presen?a de onivoria pode atenuar os efeitos de cascata tr?fica e estabilizar as popula??es de aut?trofos e herb?voros, as quais s?o desestabilizadas pela fertiliza??o por nutrientes. Tendo em vista que muitos lagos e reservat?rios tropicais encontram-se eutrofizados, estrat?gias que visem o controle do aporte de nutrientes e a redu??o da biomassa fitoplanct?nica s?o essenciais para a melhoria da qualidade da ?gua desses ambientes. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito da zooplanctivoria e onivoria por uma mesma esp?cie de peixe (Til?pia do Nilo), que quando larva ? zooplanct?vora e quando jovem e adulta torna-se filtradora on?vora, sobre a estrutura e din?mica das comunidades planct?nicas, na presen?a e aus?ncia de enriquecimento por nutrientes. Para tanto, foi realizado um experimento com desenho fatorial 2 x 3, resultando em 6 tratamentos: sem adi??o de peixes ou nutrientes (C); com adi??o de peixes zooplanct?voros (Z); com adi??o de peixes on?voros (O); com adi??o de nutrientes (NP); com adi??o de peixes zooplanct?voros e nutrientes (ZNP); e com adi??o de peixes on?voros e nutrientes (ONP). Os resultados mostram que os dois tipos de planct?voros reduziram a biomassa zooplanct?nica e aumentaram a biomassa fitoplanct?nica, mas que a onivoria dos peixes filtradores atenuou a magnitude das cascatas tr?ficas. Os resultados tamb?m mostram que a fertiliza??o por nutrientes aumenta as concentra??es de nutrientes na ?gua e a biomassa fitoplanct?nica, mas que o efeito sobre o zoopl?ncton depende da estrutura tr?fica. De um modo geral, os efeitos da adi??o de peixes e nutrientes foram aditivos, mas intera??es significativas entre esses fatores foram observadas na resposta de alguns grupos zooplanct?nicos. Os efeitos dos peixes on?voros sobre a variabilidade temporal da biomassa do fitopl?ncton e do zoopl?ncton foram muito vari?veis, aumentando ou reduzindo a variabilidade do pl?ncton dependendo do n?vel de nutrientes e da vari?vel analisada. ? poss?vel concluir, com base neste estudo, que o tipo de planctivoria exercido pelos peixes e as concentra??es de nutrientes na ?gua afetam a for?a das cascatas tr?ficas pel?gicas e provavelmente o sucesso dos programas de biomanipula??o para o manejo da qualidade da ?gua de lagos e reservat?rios tropicais
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/14010 |
| Date | 29 May 2009 |
| Creators | Cardoso, Maria Marcolina Lima |
| Contributors | CPF:03130326707, http://lattes.cnpq.br/4121209629385349, Amado, Andr? Megali, CPF:08699632797, http://lattes.cnpq.br/4312158184208542, Carneiro, Luciana Silva, CPF:07015083701, lscarnei@gmail.com, Starling, Fernando Luis do Rego Monteiro, CPF:23940158100, http://lattes.cnpq.br/3715200724482557, Attayde, Jos? Luiz |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ecologia, UFRN, BR, Bioecologia Aqu?tica |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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