北韓以核武及導彈作為對抗美國的「護身符」，也是其突破外交困境及獲取 經濟援助的 「工具」，嚴重威脅國際不擴散建制與東北亞安全。中共曾協助北韓提前突破鈽提煉技術，另北韓自巴基斯坦迂迴獲取中共濃縮鈾技術，中共也曾提供北韓蠶式反艦導彈、飛毛腿B型防空導彈(SCUD-B)與技術援助，同意北韓參與東風61型(DF-61)導彈研發工作。中共在北韓核武及導彈發展中扮演了一定的角色。
北韓分別於1993年及2002年發動核武危機，美國與相關國家籲請中共出面協助化解危機，中共則利用其在北韓核危機中的獨特地位與影響力，巧妙地將相關國家對中共的期望，轉而謀取其政經利益。在第一次北韓核武危機中，中共發揮勸和與促談作用，有助於雙方最終達成「框架協議」，就其所發揮的作用而言，勉強可稱為斡旋者及調停者。第二次北韓核危機中，在中共協調與斡旋下，假北京舉辦三邊會談與六邊會談，將危機導入和平解決的軌道。中共扮演會談的東道主、會議主席的角色、斡旋者與調停者的角色，有助於提高其國際地位的影響力。
中共正趁勢將其影響擴展到其他領域，而且結合其經濟實力來營造一個有利於自己的外交環境，利用市場和經貿關係的巨大輻射力使國際社會日益向中國靠攏，一個新的國際外交與經濟核心正在北京形成。 / North Korea has used nuclear program and missiles as “amulet” against the United States and instrument for acquiring diplomatic and economic benefits. It obviously threats to non-proliferation regime and security in north-eastern Asian. China has played a certain role in North Korea’s nuclear and missile programs. North Korea achieved breakthrough of plutonium refinery with the assistance of China and acquired China’s uranium enrichment technique through Pakistan. China also provided North Korea with Silkworm anti-vessel missiles, Scud-B missiles and other technical aids. China agreed North Korea to participate in China’s development of DF-61 missiles.
Two nuclear crises were provoked by North Korea in 1993 and 2002, respectively. The United States and other nations concerned urged China to help resolve the crises. China took advantage of its distinctive position and influences to gain political and economic interests. In the first North Korea nuclear crisis, China’s role can be viewed as “mediator” or “intervener” because of its influence on US and North Korea to achieve an “Agreed Framework” finally. With China’s coordination, the tri-party and sex-party talks help in Beijing led the second crisis to a peaceful resolution. China’s roles as host and chairman for the meetings, intervener and mediator have effectively demonstrated its international influence.
China is exploiting any opportunities to extend its influence to other areas as well. By using its economic power, China is creating a favorable foreign environment and maintaining closer relations with other countries. A new diplomatic and economic power is forming in Beijing.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:CHENGCHI/G0929810011 |
| Creators | 陳光炳, Chen, kuang-ping |
| Publisher | 國立政治大學 |
| Source Sets | National Chengchi University Libraries |
| Language | 中文 |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Rights | Copyright © nccu library on behalf of the copyright holders |
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