Dissertation (PhD)--University of Stellenbosch, 2005. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The Saudi Arabian Government has implemented a nation-wide policy to prepare its people for the
workforce and has directed that the Saudi Council for Health Specialties (SCHS) be established.
Under the SCHS umbrella the Saudi Nursing Board (SNB) has been formed for the purpose of
regulating the nursing profession. While Saudi Arabia has for many years been dependent on the
international community for nurses, it is now establishing its own nursing workforce. One challenge
for the SCHS and the SNB is to ensure that practice standards are developed, since ultimately
nursing practice affects the quality of the patient services and patient health outcomes.
The Saudi nursing profession has a responsibility to develop its social mandate and provide a full
range of services to the Saudi public. Systems and education programmes are required for all
aspects of the regulatory process, including continuing professional development. Effective
regulation systems are not based on a “one size fits all” approach. Furthermore, nurses need to
insist on high quality education to develop both basic and ongoing competence and should be able
to depend on the profession for social status and credibility.
The purpose of this research was to develop, implement, validate and evaluate a continuing
professional development learning programme for nurses working in Saudi Arabia. The learning
programme was built from a vision of nurses (regardless of country) engaging in lifelong learning
for the purpose of ensuring quality patient care and population health. The development of a
continuing professional development learning programme is an initial step in fulfilling the need for
educational structures to support standards of practice.
The overall outcome of the research was functional by nature in that the knowledge of continuing
professional development in nursing was generated and applied to nursing practice in Saudi
Arabia. In view of the nature of the question, a mixed methodology was selected. Although the
qualitative aspect was dominant, both the qualitative and quantitative aspects were used
simultaneously. The design included exploratory and descriptive aspects. Furthermore, the
researcher employed qualitative methods to develop, implement and evaluate the provisional learning programme and quantitative methods to validate the provisional programme, resulting in a
partial explanation of the research phenomenon. The primary theoretical drive was inductive, as
the purpose was to discover rather than to test the learning programme contents.
Botes’ Research Model and King’s Theory of Goal Attainment were utilised. They complemented
each other, as they both support a comprehensive, dynamic scientific approach to learning (health)
outcomes influenced by the quality of nursing practice and practice environment.
The research, which was outcomes–based, was carried out in the context of quality patient care
(population health) and nursing practice situated within the Saudi Arabian setting, where the
nursing regulatory system is emerging. As the questionnaire mean ( X ) results revealed scores
of 3.0 to 3.9, data saturation was achieved during the first round of the Delphi technique. Fourteen
experts from six different countries were asked to validate the provisional learning programme,
which was duly done. The programme was implemented in a tertiary research hospital in Saudi
Arabia. Formative and summative evaluations were also conducted. The results of the
implementation and evaluation affirmed the effectiveness of the learning programme.
Boyer’s Model for Scholarship was used to triangulate the research findings. These results formed
the basis for the recommendations and final summary. The five broad recommendations that
emerged from the research were that nurses should take on self-regulatory and leadership
responsibilities; that they should engage in continuing professional development collaboration; that
the nursing profession’s self-regulation responsibilities be acknowledged; that a healthy (quality)
workplace environment be ensured; and that further research be done in this field. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die regering van Saoedi-Arabië het ʼn landwye beleid geïmplementeer om die mense van die land
vir die arbeidsmag voor te berei en het opdrag gegee vir die stigting van die Saudi Council for
Health Specialties (SCHS,) ʼn raad wat spesifiek met gesondheidsdienste gemoeid is. Die Saoedi
Raad vir Verpleging (Saudi Nursing Board oftewel SNB) is tot stand gebring met die doel om die
verpleegdiens in die land te reguleer. Nadat Saoedi-Arabië vir baie jare van die internasionale
gemeenskap vir verpleegkundiges afhanklik was, word ʼn eie verpleegkorps nou in die land
gevestig. Een van die uitdagings waarmee die SCHS en die SNB te kampe het, is die
noodsaaklikheid om te verseker dat standaarde vir die praktyk ontwikkel word, aangesien die
verpleegpraktyk inderdaad die gehalte van pasiënte-diens en gesondheidsuitkomste beïnvloed.
Die verpleegberoep in Saoedi-Arabië is daarvoor verantwoordelik om sy maatskaplike mandaat te
ontwikkel en ʼn volledige reeks dienste aan die mense van die land beskikbaar te stel. Stelsels en
opvoedkundige programme is nodig vir alle aspekte van die reguleringsproses. Dit sluit
voortgesette professionele ontwikkeling in. Vir ʼn reguleringstelsel om werklik doeltreffend te wees
moet dit op spesifieke behoeftes gerig wees en kan een stelsel nie aan al die vereistes van diverse
instellings voldoen nie. Dit is noodsaaklik dat verpleegkundiges op onderrig van ʼn hoë gehalte
aandring ten einde basiese en voortgaande bevoegdheid te ontwikkel. Daarbenewens behoort
hulle op die beroep te kan steun vir sosiale status en geloofwaardigheid.
Die doel van hierdie navorsing was om ʼn voortgesette leerprogram vir die professionele
ontwikkeling van verpleegkundiges wat in Saoedi-Arabië werk, te ontwikkel, te implementeer, te
valideer en te evalueer. Die leerprogram het onstaan uit ʼn visie van verpleegsters (ongeag hulle
land van oorsprong) wat hulle met lewenslange leer besig hou met die doel om diens van ʼn hoë
gehalte aan pasiënte asook bevolkingsgesondheid te verseker. Met die ontwikkeling van ʼn
leerprogram vir voortgesette professionele ontwikkeling is die eerste stap gedoen om in die
behoefte aan opvoedkundige strukture ter ondersteuning van praktykstandaarde te voorsien. Die algehele uitkoms van die navorsing was funksioneel van aard deurdat die kennis van
voortgesette professionele ontwikkeling in verpleging deur die verpleegpraktyk in Saoedi-Arabië
gegenereer en ook daarop toegepas is. Vanweë die aard van die navorsingsvraag is besluit om ʼn
gemengde metodologie, dit is kwalitatiewe en kwantitatiewe aspekte gelyktydig te gebruik, met die
kwalitatiewe aspek as die dominante metode. Sowel verkennende as beskrywende aspekte is in
die ontwerp ingesluit. Daarbenewens het die navorser kwalitatiewe metodes gebruik om die
voorlopige leerprogram te ontwikkel, te implementeer en te evalueer, en kwantitatiewe metodes om
die voorlopige program te valideer. Die navorsingsverskynsel is deur middel van ʼn gedeeltelike
verklarende metode ontleed. Die primêre teoretiese dryfkrag was induktief, aangesien dit die doel
van die navorsing was om die leerprogram se inhoud te ontdek eerder as om dit te toets.
Daar is van Botes se Navorsingsmodel en King se Teorie van Doelbereiking (Theory of Goal
Attainment) gebruik gemaak. Hulle het mekaar aangevul aangesien albei ʼn omvangryke,
dinamiese wetenskaplike benadering tot leer- (gesondheid-) uitkomste, wat deur die gehalte van
verpleegpraktyk en die praktykomgewing beïnvloed word, ondersteun.
Die navorsing, wat uitkomsgebaseerd was, is uitgevoer binne die konteks van pasiëntediens van
gehalte (bevolkingsgesondheid) en verpleegpraktyk, gesetel in die Saoedi-Arabiese milieu, waar
die reguleringstelsel vir verpleegkunde aan die ontwikkel is. Data saturasie is reeds bevestig
tydens die eerste rondte van die Delphi tegniek met gemiddelde tellings van ( X ) 3,0 en 3,9. Die
navorsingsontwerp is daardeur verder versterk. Veertien deskundiges van ses verskillende lande
is gevra om die voorlopige leerprogram te valideer, wat hulle ook gedoen het. Die program is in ʼn
tersiêre navorsingshospitaal in Saoedi-Arabië geïmplementeer. Formatiewe en summatiewe
evaluering is gedoen en die resultate van die implementering en evaluering het die
doeltreffendheid van die leerprogram bevestig.
Boyer se Wetenskaplikheidsmodel (Model for Scholarship) is gebruik om die navorsingsbevindinge
te staaf. Hierdie resultate het die grondslag gelê vir die aanbevelings en die finale opsomming.
Die vyf breë aanbevelings wat uit die navorsing voortgekom het was dat verpleegkundiges selfregulerende
en leierskapverantwoordelikhede aanvaar; dat hulle aan samewerkingsaksies ten
opsigte van voortgesette professionele ontwikkeling deelneem; dat die verpleegberoep se verantwoordelikhede ten opsigte van selfregulering erken word; dat ʼn gesonde (gehalte-)
werkomgewing verseker word; en dat verdere navorsing op hierdie gebied gedoen word.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:netd.ac.za/oai:union.ndltd.org:sun/oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/16510 |
| Date | 10 1900 |
| Creators | Butler, Mollie |
| Contributors | Kapp, C.A., Van der Merwe, T.D., University of Stellenbosch. Faculty of Education. Dept. of Curriculum Studies. |
| Publisher | Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch |
| Source Sets | South African National ETD Portal |
| Language | en_ZA |
| Detected Language | Unknown |
| Type | Thesis |
| Format | xvii, 346 leaves : ill. |
| Rights | University of Stellenbosch |
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