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Previous issue date: 2017-12-08 / O peixe voador ? um dos recursos dispon?veis de import?ncia econ?mica e social para pa?ses como a Filipinas, Indon?sia, Peru, Barbados, Trindade e Tobago e Brasil, contudo os processos relacionados ? sua perda de frescor s?o pouco conhecidos. Uma ferramenta para avaliar as propriedades sensoriais do grau de frescor do pescado, considerando aspectos espec?ficos para cada esp?cie, ? o M?todo do ?ndice de Qualidade (MIQ), o qual fornece pontua??es de dem?rito para os atributos sensoriais do pescado em fun??o do grau de deteriora??o. Neste estudo, objetivou-se desenvolver o MIQ para avalia??o do frescor do peixe voador (Hirundichthys affinis, G?nther, 1866) inteiro e armazenado em gelo, correlacionando com an?lises f?sico-qu?micas e microbiol?gicas ao longo do per?odo de armazenamento. Para isso foram recrutados candidatos e selecionado julgadores sensoriais pelos Teste de Reconhecimento de Aromas e Teste de 100 matizes de Farnsworth Munsell. O desenvolvimento do MIQ se deu por meio de 3 ensaios de armazenamento e foram utilizados exemplares de peixe voador capturados em Cai?ara do Norte, RN, Brasil. Foram realizadas an?lises microbiol?gicas (contagem de Coliformes a 45?C/g, pesquisa de Salmonella sp/25g, an?lise de Estafilococos coagulase positiva/g e contagem total de microrganismos aer?bios mes?filos e psicrotr?ficos) e f?sico-qu?micas (mensura??o do pH e a determina??o de nitrog?nio das Bases Vol?teis Totais, Trimetilamina e Subst?ncias Reativas ao ?cido Tiobarbit?rico). Assim, foi desenvolvido um esquema MIQ com 11 par?metros, agrupados em 3 atributos principais (aspecto geral, olhos e guelras) e o ?ndice de Qualidade apresentou alta correla??o linear (r = 0,956) com o tempo de armazenamento indicando perda de frescor durante os dias. A contagem total de bact?rias aer?bias mes?filas e psicrotr?ficas revelaram forte e significante correla??o com o tempo de armazenamento (r = 0,705, p < 0,001 e r = 0,934 e p < 0,001, respectivamente), variando de 3,20 log UFC/g (1? dia) a 5,61 log UFC/g (19? dia de armazenamento) e de 2,0 log UFC/g (1? dia) a 8,18 log UFC/g (19? dia de armazenamento), respectivamente. Salmonella n?o foi detectada em nenhuma amostra. Foi encontrado Estafilococos coagulase positivo (4,0x102 UFC/g) e coliformes a 45?C (3,6 NMP/g) em uma amostra no 9? dia de armazenamento. Os valores m?dios de pH tiveram aumento linear e cont?nuo (p < 0,001), variando de 6,23 (1? dia) a 6,88 (19? dia). Os valores m?dios de N-BVT e N-TMA variaram, respectivamente, de 25,19 (1? dia) a 39,42 mg N-BVT/100g (19? dia) e 6,58 (1? dia) a 12,17 mg TMA/100g (19? dia), apresentando um aumento linear, cont?nuo e significativo (p < 0,001 e p < 0,001) com forte e significativa correla??o linear (r = 0,923, p < 0,001 e r = 0,747, p < 0,001) com o tempo de armazenamento. As m?dias das Subst?ncias Reativas ao ?cido Tiobarbit?rico (SRATB) variaram de 0,08 (1? dia) a 2,52 MA/kg (22? dia). A An?lise de Componentes Principais sugere que o peixe voador permane?a com grau de frescor aceit?vel por at? 9 dias, considerando as an?lises realizadas e condi??es de armazenagem em gelo utilizadas neste estudo. / The flying fish is one of the resources of economic and social importance available to countries such as the Philippines, Indonesia, Peru, Barbados, Trinidad and Tobago and Brazil, but the processes related to their loss of freshness unknown. A tool to evaluate the sensory properties of fish freshness, considering specific aspects for each species, is the Quality Index Method (QIM), which provides demerit scores for the attributes of the fish as a function of the deterioration stage. The objective of this study was to develop the QIM to evaluate the freshness of the fish (Hirundichthys affinis, G?nther, G?nther, 1866), correlating with physical-chemical and microbiological analyzes throughout the storage period. For this purpose candidates were recruited and selected sensory judges by the Farnsworth Munsell Aroma Test and Test of 100 shades. The development of the QIM was done by means of 3 storage tests and were used flying fish specimens captured in Cai?ara do Norte, RN, Brazil. Microbiological analyzes (Coliform counts at 45?C/g, Salmonella sp/25g analysis, Coagulase positive Staphylococcus and total counts of aerobic mesophilic and psychrotrophic) and physicochemical analyzes were performed (pH measurement and determination of Total Volatile Bases and Trimethylamine). Then, a QIM scheme was developed with 11 parameters, grouped into 3 main attributes (appearance, eyes and gills) and a Quality Index that presented high linear correlation (r = 0.956) with storage time indicating loss of freshness during the days. The total count of aerobic mesophilic bacteria showed a significant increase (p = 0.009), ranging from 3.20 log CFU/g (1st day) to 5.61 log CFU/g (19th day of storage). The total count of mesophilic and psychrotrophic aerobic bacteria showed a strong and significant correlation with storage time (r = 0.705, p < 0.001 and r = 0.934 p <0.001, respectively), ranging from 3.20 log CFU/g (1st day) 5.61 log UFC / g (19th day storage) and 2.0 log UFC/g (1st day) at 8.18 log UFC/g (19th day storage), respectively. Salmonella was not detected. Coagulase positive Staphylococcus (4.0x102 CFU/g) and coliforms at 45?C (3.6 NMP/g) were found in a 9th day storage sample. The mean values of pH with a linear and continuous increase (p < 0.001), ranging from 6.23 (1st day) to 6.88 (19th day). The mean values of TVB-N and TMA-N ranged respectively from 25.19 (1st day) to 39.42 mg TVB-N/100 g (19th day) and 6.58 (1st day) to 12.17 mg (p <0.001 and p < 0.001) with a strong and significant linear correlation (r = 0.923, p < 0.001 and r = 0.747, p < 0.001) with storage time. As averages of Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS) ranged from 0.08 (1st day) to 2.52 MA / Kg (22nd day). The Principal Component Analysis suggests that the flying fish remain with an acceptable degree of freshness for up to 9 days, considering the analyzes and ice storage conditions used in this study.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/24777 |
| Date | 08 December 2017 |
| Creators | Garcia, Sam?ria Silva de Ara?jo |
| Contributors | 87658674400, Gon?alves, Alex Augusto, 12252128801, Viegas, Elisabete Maria Macedo, 74257110872, Carvalho, Rodrigo Antonio Ponce de Leon Ferreira de, Damasceno, Karla Suzanne Florentino da Silva Chaves |
| Publisher | PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM NUTRI??O, UFRN, Brasil |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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