臺灣公務人員退休撫卹基金（退撫基金）自1995年成立，由退撫基金管理委員會統一管理，按政府別、身分別，分戶設帳，分別以收支平衡為原則，但依據2003年退撫基金第2次精算結果(美世顧問公司)，軍職人員自2013年、教育人員2032年及公務人員2035年起，將陸續產生累積虧損（破產），主要原因為退休制度本身結構問題、提撥率不足所致，其次為經營績效無法大幅提升，原因為管理組織屬性欠彈性、專業人才不足、管理法令束縛及資產配置較保守，對於現有制度與管理之缺失，如何檢討改善，以提高收益，確保基金之永續發展，為本研究之重點。
本研究採用制度分析比較，藉由退撫基金與先進國家退休金計畫與管理制度加以比較，瞭解臺灣與其他國家退休管理制度上之差異，並探討未來世界退休制度管理趨勢。並蒐集勞工保險基金、勞工退休基金及公教保險準備金等基金相關資料，再與退撫基金作管理運用之比較研究，另外，與退撫基金同質型國外退休基金管理模式之相關研究文獻，作分析比較研究，依投資組合模型計算出最適資產配置，以瞭解退撫基金經營管理之效率性。 / 茲據研究結果發現，退撫基金管理係屬行政機構，管理較無彈性，另外退休撫卹制度設計而產生龐大潛藏負債，以及管理法令限制而影響營運績效。最後，針對研究結果提出對退撫基金管理之建議。就管理機構建議改為行政法人或提高委外比例。對退撫制度之潛藏負債問題建議為：逐步修改退撫制度，先實施退休所得合理化、展期年金，對於新進公務人員採用個人帳戶制，並依個人風險偏好，選擇不同的管理模式。對於管理制度建議為增加國外投資、資本利得比例、擴大投資範圍及建立資訊公開制度。 / The Public Service Pension Fund (PSPF) of Republic of China was established in 1995. On the principle of collection/payment balance, the Management Board of Public Service Pension Fund (MBPSPF) is in charge of management of the PSPF by setting up different independent accounts in accordance with the capacities and governmental levels. The outcome of actuarial evaluation conducted in the year 2003 forecasted the accumulated net loss (insolvency) will respectively happen to the military personnel in the beginning year of 2013, the educational workers in the beginning year of 2032 and the public servants in the beginning year of 3035. The factors will result in the accumulated net loss (insolvency) mainly include incomplete framework of the public service pension system and insufficient contribution rate. Due to inelastic organization and framework, shortage of professional personnel, constraint of the laws and regulations and conservative strategies of assets allocation, overall performance can not be improved substantially is also the minor factor that will result in the accumulated net loss. The key point of this study will focus on eliminating the defects of the present system and administration and making improvement to increase overall earnings, thus continuing operation of the PSPF can be ensured. / This study adopts a measure of system analysis and comparison. In comparing with pension project and administration system of mainly advanced countries, the difference between Taiwan and other advanced countries cab be realized. Thus we can further discuss and explore the future global trend of pension administration. Besides mention above, the related information of Labor Insurance Fund, Labor Pension Fund, and the insurance reserve of public servants and education workers was collected, studied, and compared with the PSPF. Furthermore, the PSPF was compared with abroad pension funds which have same attributes of PSPF by analyzing the related studies of administration or operation. And accordingly, an optimal model of assets allocation was designed for further testing and understanding the efficiency of administration of the PSPF.
From this research, the followings were discovered:
1. An administrative institution such as the PSPF with no corporation register, make administration inelastic.
2. The designed system of the “Contributory Pension Fund” will result in potential enormous debts.
3. The constraint of laws and regulations will result in ineffective overall performance.
Finally, regarding to the inelastic administration (as of description 1), an ideal proposal is to register the PSPF as a corporation or increase proportion of overseas discretionary management. As to the potential enormous debts (as of description 2), the proposals are to improve the system of “Contributory Pension Fund” step by step, adopt a fair and reasonable retirement income, extend the time limit of annuity, adopt an individual account for a new public servant and manage the account in accordance with his or her risk attitude. As to the ineffective overall performance (as of description 3), the proposals are to increase the proportion of overseas investment and capital gains, extend the range of investment and establish system of information disclosure.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:CHENGCHI/G0093921036 |
| Creators | 賴東亮, Lai, Dong Liang |
| Publisher | 國立政治大學 |
| Source Sets | National Chengchi University Libraries |
| Language | 中文 |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Rights | Copyright © nccu library on behalf of the copyright holders |
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