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Previous issue date: 2015-05-25 / O L?pus Eritematoso Sist?mico (LES) ? uma doen?a autoimune cr?nica, rara, multissist?mica, com um padr?o muito heterog?neo de manifesta??es cl?nicas e sorol?gicas. O paciente, al?m de sofrer agravos f?sicos e no funcionamento fisiol?gico, tamb?m pode enfrentar uma s?rie de problemas psicossociais. Pesquisas apontam que o LES pode acarretar danos importantes no ?mbito psicol?gico, principalmente com presen?a de ansiedade e depress?o. O American College of Rheumatology (ACR), em 1999, prop?s a defini??o de 19 s?ndromes cl?nicas neuropsiqui?tricas atribu?das ao LES. A depress?o, portanto, encontra-se entre os transtornos de humor e ? uma das manifesta??es psiqui?tricas mais comuns nesse grupo, sendo encontrada com maior frequ?ncia nesses pacientes do que na popula??o em geral. Estudos tamb?m sugerem que o apoio social desempenha um papel importante no desenvolvimento de estrat?gias de enfrentamento, na gest?o do LES e na depress?o. Assim, este estudo tem como objetivo geral verificar a associa??o entre sintomas depressivos e apoio social percebido em pacientes com LES. Os objetivos espec?ficos voltaram-se ?: investigar a preval?ncia de sintomas depressivos; investigar o apoio social percebido e verificar se h? associa??o entre a depress?o, o apoio social e vari?veis sociodemogr?ficas. Utilizou-se um question?rio sociodemogr?fico, a Escala de Depress?o de Beck e a Escala de Apoio Social Percebido. A an?lise foi realizada atrav?s das estat?sticas descritiva e inferencial. A amostra final foi de 79 mulheres com LES, com uma m?dia de idade de 35,7 anos. Destas, 44 (55,7%) eram casadas. Apenas 6 (7,59%) haviam terminado o ensino superior e 32 (40,51%) ainda n?o finalizaram o ensino m?dio. Setenta e uma (89,87%) tinha renda abaixo de tr?s sal?rios m?nimos e 71 (89,87) praticavam alguma religi?o, sendo a cat?lica (67,71%) a mais mencionada pelas participantes. Do total da amostra, 37 (46,74%) j? haviam sido diagnosticadas h? mais de 7 anos, sendo que 25 (31,65%) tinham LES h? mais de 10 anos. Apenas 19 (24,05%) desenvolviam alguma atividade laboral. Quarenta e duas (53,17%) apresentaram n?veis de sintomas depressivos de leve a grave e 51 (64,46%) referiram n?veis de dor igual ou acima de 5. Encontrou-se associa??o significativa entre sintomas depressivos e dor (p=0,013) e sintomas depressivos e atividade laboral (p=0,02). Quando se verificou a percep??o de apoio social, os resultados mostraram n?veis altos pelas participantes do estudo. Atrav?s do teste de correla??o de Spearman, encontrou-se forte correla??o entre sintomas depressivos e apoio social (p= 0,000037) de modo que quanto maior a frequ?ncia de apoio menor os escores de depress?o. Esses achados s?o relevantes porque sintomas depressivos nos pacientes com LES t?m um car?ter multicausal e multifatorial e podem permanecer despercebidos, pois muitos deles se confundem com as manifesta??es da doen?a. Tal fato exige dos profissionais uma avalia??o cuidadosa, n?o apenas no ?mbito cl?nico, mas tamb?m considerando outros fatores de ordem psicossociais que podem estar atuando no surgimento ou mesmo agravamento dos sintomas. Esses resultados tamb?m corroboram com outros estudos, os quais n?o apenas confirmam o papel preditivo do apoio social nos aspectos f?sicos, mas tamb?m psicol?gicos. Nesse sentido, os profissionais de sa?de que atuam nesta ?rea, podem desenvolver a??es que fortale?am as dimens?es de apoio social, pautando-se em interven??es bem-sucedidas j? em curso ou, a partir da fala dos pacientes com LES, construir pr?ticas de cuidado que estejam de acordo com as necessidades, peculiaridades e disponibilidade desse grupo. / Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease, rare, multisystem, with a very heterogeneous clinical and serological manifestations standard. The patient, in addition to suffering injuries on his physical and physiological functioning, may also face a number of psychosocial problems. Research indicates that SLE can cause significant damage to the psychological realm, especially with the presence of anxiety and depression. In 1999, the American College of Rheumatology (ACR), proposed the establishment of 19 neuropsychiatric clinical syndromes attributed to SLE. Depression lies between mood disorders and is one of the most common psychiatric manifestations in this group, being found more frequently in these patients than in the general population. Studies also suggest that social support plays an important role in the development of coping strategies, in SLE management and depression. This study has as main objective verify the association between depressive symptoms and perceived social support in patients with SLE. The specific objectives turned to: investigte the prevalence of depressive symptoms; investigate the perceived social support and verify if there is an association between depression, social support and sociodemographic variables. We used a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Beck Depression Scale, and the Perceived Social Support Scale. The analysis was performed through descriptive and inferential statistics. The final sample could count with 79 SLE women, with an average age of 35.7 years. 44 (55.7%) of the participants were married. Only 6 (7.59%) had completed higher education and 32 (40.51%) have not finished high school. Seventy-one (89.87%) had an income below three minimum salaries and 71 (89.87) practiced a religion, and the Catholic (67.71%) was the most mentioned by them. Of the total sample, 37 (46.74%) had been diagnosed SLE more than 7 years before, and 25 (31.65%) had the disease for more than 10 years. Only 19 (24.05%) had some work activity. Forty-two of them (53.17%) had depressive symptoms levels from mild to severe, and 51 (64.46%) reported pain levels of 5, or above. The study found a significant association between depressive symptoms and pain (p = 0.013) and depressive symptoms and work activity (p = 0.02). When we examined the perception of social support, the results showed high levels among participants. Using the Spearman correlation test we found a strong correlation between depressive symptoms and social support (p= 0,000037). It means that the higher the frequency of support, the lower the score of depression. These findings are relevant because depressive symptoms in patients with SLE have a multicausal and multifactorial character and may remain unnoticed, since many of them are confused with the manifestations of the disease. This fact requires a careful assessment from professionals, not only in the clinical setting, but also considering other psychosocial reasons, that may be influencing the emergence or worsening of symptoms. These results also corroborate other studies, which not only confirm the predictive role of social support in the physical wellbeing, but also in the psychological.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/20902 |
| Date | 25 May 2015 |
| Creators | Santos, L?cia Maria de Oliveira |
| Contributors | 18112900434, http://lattes.cnpq.br/2021670670663453, Campos, Elisa Maria Parahyba, 53042522849, http://lattes.cnpq.br/3913582934554058, Oliveira, Luciana Carla Barbosa de, 87597586434, http://lattes.cnpq.br/9664507110577422, Maia, Eulalia Maria Chaves |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM PSICOLOGIA, UFRN, Brasil |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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