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Previous issue date: 2017-02-20 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / Dimorphic fungi belonging to Sporothrix schenckii complex are responsible for
sporotrichosis, important fungal infection with worldwide distribution. The anthropozoonotic
characteristic is of high relevance in the state of Rio de Janeiro, where an increasing in the
number of cases in human patients was observed in the last decades, highlighting the role of
domestic cat as a transmitter agent. The description of new species compounding de
Sporothrix genus, based on phenotypic and genotypic evaluations, showed the involvement of
other members of this group in the epidemic status installed in Rio de Janeiro. The
verification of strains resistant to itraconazole, a widely used antifungal in human and animal
medicine for the treatment of this mycosis, is an important factor that possibly results in
relapse and therapeutic failure of this disease. The present study aimed to identify, by
phenotypic and molecular approaches, 168 isolates obtained from the routine of Veterinary
Clinical Microbiology Laboratory ? UFRRJ, and the determination of minimal inhibitory
concentration (MIC) for amphotericin B (AMB), ketoconazole (KTC), itraconazole (ITC),
terbinafine (TRB) and voriconazole (VRC). Based on morphophysiological characteristics it
was possible to identify 159 (94.64%) isolates as S. brasiliensis and 9 (5.36%) as S. luriei.
However, applying PCR-RFLP of calmodulin 168 (100%) samples were identified as S.
brasilensis. The susceptibility test, based on M38-A2 document (CLSI), showed that TRB
was the most effective antifungal tested, followed by ITC, KTC, AMB, and VRC,
respectively. No ITC resistant isolates were detected in the present study. These results
demonstrate that the identification reached only by phenotypic evaluation is not recommended
for the characterization of Sporothrix schenckii complex components. It also proves the
predominance of S. brasiliensis in other regions of RJ state. The better efficacy of TRB added
to the absence of isolates resistant to ITC support the necessity of pharmacodynamics and
pharmacokinetics studies for the optimization of the therapeutic protocols. More information
about isolates from dogs and cats correlated with the species from the S. schenckii complex,
as well as in vitro antifungal efficacy evaluation provide knowledge about therapeutic
alternatives. In this way, the present study also provides relevant information about the
endemic status in Rio de Janeiro and important data for the treatment of human and animal
sporotrichosis. / Fungos dim?rficos pertencentes ao complexo Sporothrix schenckii s?o respons?veis pela
esporotricose, importante infec??o f?ngica que apresenta distribui??o mundial. Sua conhecida
caracter?stica antropozoon?tica apresenta grande relev?ncia no estado do Rio de Janeiro, onde
se verifica aumento significativo no n?mero de pacientes humanos e animais acometidos pela
doen?a nas ?ltimas d?cadas, destacando-se em tais casos o papel do felino como agente
transmissor. A descri??o de novas esp?cies pertencentes ao g?nero Sporothrix, baseada em
caracter?sticas fenot?picas e genot?picas, demonstrou o envolvimento de outros componentes
deste g?nero na epidemia instalada no estado. A verifica??o de isolados resistentes a
itraconazol, antif?ngico amplamente utilizado na medicina humana e veterin?ria para o
tratamento da doen?a, ? fato preocupante e tem poss?vel associa??o a recidivas e falhas
terap?uticas. O presente estudo objetiva a identifica??o fenot?pica e genot?pica de 168
exemplares oriundos de pacientes felinos e caninos, obtidos na rotina do Diagn?stico
Microbiol?gico Veterin?rio - UFRRJ, com determina??o da Concentra??o Inibit?ria M?nima
(CIM) frente ? anfotericina B (AMB), cetoconazol (KTC), itraconazol (ITC), terbinafina
(TRB) e voriconazol (VRC). A partir de caracter?sticas morfofisiol?gicas foi poss?vel
identificar 159 (94,64%) isolados como S. brasiliensis e 9 (5,36%) como S. luriei. Contudo,
metodologias moleculares identificaram 168 (100%) S. brasiliensis, a partir de PCR-RFLP
em gene respons?vel pela s?ntese de calmodulina. O teste de sensibilidade, realizado a partir
do documento M38-A2 (CLSI) determinou maior efic?cia in vitro para TRB, seguido por
ITC, KTC, AMB e VRC, respectivamente. Cepas resistentes a ITC n?o foram detectadas no
presente estudo. Tais resultados demonstram que a identifica??o alcan?ada exclusivamente
por m?todos fenot?picos n?o ? recomendada para caracteriza??o de componentes do complexo
Sporothrix schenckii. Comprova-se ainda a predomin?ncia de S. brasiliensis em outras
regi?es do estado do RJ. A maior efic?cia de TRB, somada a aus?ncia de exemplares
resistentes a ITC, refor?a a necessidade de estudos farmacodin?micos e farmacocin?ticos para
otimiza??o dos protocolos terap?uticos atualmente utilizados. Obten??o de maiores
informa??es acerca dos isolados provenientes de amostras provenientes de c?es e gatos
correlacionados a esp?cies dentro do complexo S. schenckii, bem como a avalia??o da efic?cia
in vitro de antif?ngicos proporcionam conhecimento sobre alternativas terap?uticas. Tais
informa??es auxiliam no entendimento do quadro instalado no estado do Rio de Janeiro e
fornece dados de grande utilidade para o tratamento humano e veterin?rio
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:localhost:jspui/2031 |
| Date | 20 February 2017 |
| Creators | Abreu, Daniel Paiva Barros de |
| Contributors | Baroni, Francisco de Assis, Coelho, Irene da Silva, Pereira, Sandro Antonio, Cruz, Luiz Celso Hygino da |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Medicina Veterin?ria (Patologia e Ci?ncias Cl?nicas), UFRRJ, Brasil, Instituto de Veterin?ria |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ, instname:Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, instacron:UFRRJ |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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