Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / Foram investigados os efeitos da L-alanil-glutamina (L-ALN-GLN) sobre as concentraÃÃes sanguÃneas e teciduais de metabÃlitos (lactato, piruvato, glicose e corpos cetÃnicos), substÃncias reagentes ao Ãcido tiobarbitÃrico (TBARS), glutationa (GSH), mieloperoxidase (MPO) e avaliaÃÃo histopatolÃgica em gerbils.
Tratou-se de um estudo experimental, controlado. Utilizaram-se 54 gerbils, machos, com peso mÃdio de 150g, distribuÃdos aleatoriamente em 3 grupos: salina com isquemia e reperfusÃo (SIR), salina sem isquemia e reperfusÃo (SSI), L-alanil-glutamina com isquemia e reperfusÃo (GIR), redistribuÃdos em 3
subgrupos: T0 (tempo mÃximo de isquemia), T30 (30 min de reperfusÃo) e T60 (60 min de reperfusÃo), com 6 animais cada. Foram prÃ-tratados com soluÃÃo salina 2,0 mL 0,9% endovenoso (e.v.) ou L-ALNGLN 0,75g/Kg (e.v.), 30 min antes do inÃcio dos experimentos. A isquemia cerebral foi induzida pela oclusÃo bilateral das artÃrias carÃtidas comuns (ACCs), por um perÃodo de 15 minutos. ApÃs todos os procedimentos cirÃrgicos as amostras (sangue e tecido) foram coletadas ao final dos trÃs tempos. Nas comparaÃÃes entre os grupos (SSI) e (SIR) houve um aumento significante nas concentraÃÃes de lactato no sangue no grupo SIR em T0 (0,756Â0,091 versus 3,596Â1,546); p=0,0122, T30 (0,869Â0,254 versus 3,316Â1,356); p=0,0015 e em T60 (0,858Â0,460 versus 2,409Â0,801); p=0,0021. No tecido cerebral houve um aumento significante do lactato em T0 (1,374Â0,172 versus 2,530Â0,850); p=0,0085, T30 (0,891Â0,697 versus 1,840Â0,530); p=0,0243 e em T60 (1,182Â0,136 versus 1,744Â0,463); p=0,0173 no grupo SIR. Para as concentraÃÃes de piruvato no sangue observou-se um aumento significante em T0 (p=0,0424); T30 (p=0,0271) e em T60 (p=0,0175) e no tecido cerebral em T0 (p=0,0369) no grupo SIR. Para as
concentraÃÃes de glicose no sangue houve um aumento significante em T0 (0,493Â0,393 versus 1,116Â0,364); p=0,0174, T30 (0,617Â0,356 versus 1,502Â0,314); p=0,0010 e em T60 (0,998Â0,411 versus 1,718 Â 0,477); p=0,0190 e no tecido cerebral em T0 (0,292Â0,081 versus 0,952Â0,7140); p=0,0484, T30 (0,264Â0,080 versus 1,038Â0,609); p=0,0116 e em T60 (0,234Â0,089 versus 0,985Â0,533); p=0,0067, no
grupo SIR. Verificou-se um aumento significante nos nÃveis enzimÃticos de MPO em T0 (p<0,0001), T30 (p=0,0269) e em T60 (p=0,0005) no grupo SIR. Na avaliaÃÃo histopatolÃgica no grupo SIR nas camadas piramidal interna e granular interna foram observados aumento significante de picnose, neurÃnios
vermelhos, congestÃo e edema, em T0, T30 e T60. Nas comparaÃÃes entre grupos (SIR) e (GIR) houve diminuiÃÃo significante no grupo GIR no sangue de lactato em T0 (3,596Â1,546 versus 1,960Â0,450); p=0,0321, T30 (3,316Â1,356 versus 1,971Â 0,568); p=0,0490 e em T60 (2,409Â0,801 versus 1,516Â0,307); p=0,0290 e no tecido cerebral em T0 (2,530Â0,850 versus 1,540Â0,302); p=0,0228. No tecido cerebral no grupo GIR houve diminuiÃÃo significante de TBARS em T30 (0,110Â0,006 versus 0,057Â0,040); p=0,0102 e um aumento significante de GSH em T0 (3,454Â1,584 versus 10,054Â2,880); p=0,0006, T30
(10,949Â1,579 versus 81,767Â9,060); p<0,0001 e em T60 (101,83Â2,631versus 114,924Â6,311); p=0,0011.
Na avaliaÃÃo histopatolÃgica no grupo GIR na camada piramidal interna foram observados diminuiÃÃo significante de picnose nos tempos T30 (3,00 (2,75 a 4,25) versus 1,50 (0,75 a 2,00); p=0,0086 e em T60 (4,00 (3,75 a 5,55) versus 2,00 (1,75 a 4,00); p=0,0379 e nos neurÃnios vermelhos em T30 (3,00 (2,00 a 4,25) versus 1,50 (0,75 a 2,00); p=0,0159 e em T60 (4,00 (3,75 a 4,75) versus 2,00 (1,75 a 4,00); p=0,0493. Na camada granular interna no grupo GIR houve diminuiÃÃo significante de picnose em T30 (2,00 (1,00 a
3,25) versus 1,00 (0,00 a 1,00); p=0,0208 e em T60 1,50 (0,00 a 1,00) versus 0,00 (1,00 a 3,50); p= 0,0412, neurÃnios vermelhos em T30 (2,00 (1,00 a 3,25) versus 1,00 (0,00 a 1,00); p=0,0208 e em T60 1,50 (0,00 a 1,00) versus 0,00 (1,00 a 3,50); p=0,0412 e no grau de edema em T30 (2,00 (1,00 a 2,00) versus 1,00 (0,75 a 1,00); p=0,0225. Portanto, o prÃ-condicionamento com L-ALN-GLN foi capaz de induzir glicÃlise cerebral e de promover um efeito protetor na lesÃo de isquÃmia e reperfusÃo em gerbils, uma vez que elevou a sÃntese de glutationa tanto na isquemia quanto na reperfusÃo, reduziu a peroxidaÃÃo lipÃdica durante a fase de reperfusÃo e diminuiu o grau de edema intracerebral, a quantidade de picnose e neurÃnios vermelhos no tecido cerebral. / We investigated the metabolic effects of L-alanyl-Glutamine (L-ALN-GLN) on blood and tissue concentrations of metabolites (lactate, pyruvate, glucose and ketone bodies), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), glutathione (GSH), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and histopathologic evaluation of gerbils. This was an experimental and controlled study. Fifty-four male gerbils with a mean weight of 150gwere used, and were divided randomly and equally into 3 groups: saline with ischemia and reperfusion (SIR), saline without ischemia and reperfusion (SSI), L-alanyl-glutamine ischemia and reperfusion (GIR).
They were then redistributed into three subgroups: T0 (maximum time of ischemia), T30 (30 min of reperfusion) and T60 (60 min of reperfusion), containing 6 animals each. They were pretreated with saline 2.0 mL 0.9% intra-venous (iv) or ALN-L-GLN 0.75 g / kg (iv) 30 min before the start of the experiments. Cerebral ischemia was induced by bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries (CCAs) for a period of 15 minutes. After all surgical procedures, the samples (blood and tissue) were collected at the end of the three periods. When comparing SSI and SIR groups, a significant increase of lactate was found in SIR group in T0 (0.756Â0.091 versus 3.596Â1.546; p=0.0122, T30 (0.869Â0.254 versus 3.316Â1.356); p=0.0015, and T60 (0.858Â0.460 versus 2.409Â0.801); (p=0.0122). In brain tissue there was significant lactate increase in TO (1.374Â0.172 versus 2.530Â0.850); p=0.0085, T30 (0.891Â0.697 versus
1.840Â0.530); p=0.0243 and T60 (1.182Â0.136 versus 1.744Â0.463); p=0.0173, in SIR group. In blood and tissue concentrations of pyruvate was found a significant increase in T0 (p=0.424), T30 (p=0.0271) and T60 (p=0.0175), and in brain tissue in T0 (p=0.0369) in the SIR group. In glucose blood concentrations there was a significant increase in T0 (0.493Â0.393 versus 1.116Â0.364); p=0.0174, T30 (0.617Â0.356 versus 1.502Â0.314); p=0.0010 and T60 (0.998Â0.411 versus 1.718Â0.477); p=0.0190, and in brain tissue in T0 (0.292Â0.081 versus 0.952Â0.7140); p=0.0484, T30 (0.264Â0.080 versus 1.038Â0.609); p=0.0116 and T60 (0.234Â0.089 versus 0.985Â0.533); p=0.0067, in the SIR group. On blood ketone bodies there was a significant increase in T0 (p=0.0006) and T60 (p=0.0455), and in brain tissue in T0 (p=0.0428) in SIR group. There was a significant increase in MPO enzyme levels at T0 (p<0.0001), T30 (p=0.0269) and T60 (p=0.0005). In the histopathological evaluation in the internal pyramidal and granular layers in group CRS observed a significant increase of pyknosis, red neurons, congestion and edema, at T0, T30 and T60. In the comparison between the (SIR) and (GIR) groups, there was a significant decrease in T0 (3.596Â1.546 versus 1.960Â0.450); p=0.0321, T30 (3.316Â1.356 versus 1.971Â0.568); p=0.0490 and T60 (2.409Â0.801 versus 1.516Â0.307); p=0.0290, and in brain tissue there was significant decrease in T0 (2,530Â0,850 versus 1.540Â0,302); p=0.0228. In brain tissue was found significant decrease in TBARS concentrations in T30 (0.110Â0.006 versus 0.057Â0.040); p=0.0102, and a significant increase of GSH in T0 (3.454Â1.584 versus 10.054Â2.880), p=0.0006, T30 (10.949Â1.579 versus 81.767Â9.060); p<0.0001 and T60 (101.83Â2.631 versus 114.924Â6.311); p=0.0011 in GIR group. Regarding the histological examination, a significant decrease of pyknosis was found at T30 (3.00 (2.75 to 4.25) versus 1.50 (0.75 to 2.00); p= 0.0086 and T60 (4.00 (3.75 to 5.55) versus 2.00 (1.75 to 4.00); p=0.0379 and red neurons at T30 (3,00 (2,00 to 4.25) versus 1.50 (0.75 to 2.00); p=0.0159 and T60 (4.00 (3.75 to 4.75) versus 2,00 (1.75 to 4.00); p=
0.0493. in the internal pyramidal layer. In the Internal granular layer in GIR group there was a significant
reduction of pyknosis at T30 (2.00 (1.00 to 3.25) versus 1.00 (0.00 to 1.00); p=0.0208 and T60 1.50 (0.00 to 1.00) versus 0.00 (1.00 to 3.50); p=0.0412, red neurons in T30 (2.00 (1.00 to 3.25) versus 1.00 (0.00 to 1.00); p=0.0208 and T60 1.50 (0.00 to 1.00) versus 0.00 (1.00 to 3.50); p=0.0412 and on the intracerebral edema level at T30 (2.00 (1.00 to 2.00) versus 1.00 (0.75 to 1.00); p=0.0225. Therefore, the preconditioning with L-GLN-ALN is able to induce brain glicolise and promote a protective effect on ischemic brain injury and reperfusion in gerbils, since it increased the glutathione synthesis both on ischemia and reperfusion, as well as decreasing lipid peroxidation during the reperfusion phase and decreased the intercerebral edema level, and the number of pyknosys and red neurons in brain tissue.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:www.teses.ufc.br:4220 |
| Date | 20 December 2010 |
| Creators | Vilma Leite Sousa Pires |
| Contributors | Paulo Roberto LeitÃo de Vasconcelos, Otoni Cardoso do Vale, Gerardo Cristino Filho, Antonio Wilson Vasconcelos, AntÃnio Aldo Melo Filho |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal do CearÃ, Programa de PÃs-GraduaÃÃo em Cirurgia, UFC, BR |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFC, instname:Universidade Federal do Ceará, instacron:UFC |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
Page generated in 0.0074 seconds