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Previous issue date: 2017-03-06 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Maranhão / ABSTRACT: Soil is the habitat for a number of living organisms that perform essential
functions to the ecosystem. The present work aimed to determine the edaphic diversity in
large groups under different uses and management of the soil in Cerrado Biome. The study
was developed in the city of Mata Roma (3º 70 '80.88' 'S and 43º 18' 71.27 '' W), in the eastern
region of Maranhão state, Brazil. It were installed 130 pitfall traps in five areas with different
management (millet, soybean, maize, eucalyptus, and pasture) and two reference areas with
natural vegetation with different uses (anthropized Cerrado and preserved Cerrado). The traps
remained in the field for a period of seven days, after this, the contents were maintained in
plastic bottles and taken to the laboratory, where they were sampled and identified in large
groups (orders and family). After identification, the biodiversity indexes were determined:
(Shanon index, Pielou, Average and total richness and abundance). The data were analyzed
using descriptive statistics and multivariate techniques using group dissimilarity. The
geostatistical analysis was evaluated by a semivariogram, adjusted to a geostatistical,
spherical, gaussian or exponential model. The multifractality was analyzed by the current
method, in successive segments of different sizes of 2k
, k=0 a k= 7 in the range of q = +10 to
q = -10. 20,995 arthropods were collected throughout the study. The highest abundance was
found for millet (9,974 individuals), and the lowest abundance values were reported for
soybean (222) and maize (824), respectively. The highest biodiversity index is reported for
the soybean area (2.69), although there is less abundance, in this area, the groups are evenly
distributed due to the homogeneous management in the study area. The main axis in the
analysis of the main components (PCA) explained 50.9% of the correlation of the groups with
the sampled areas. The dendrogram had demonstrated that the area of soybean and maize are
similar and had isolated the area of millet with the most dissimilar in relation to the others.
The use and management of the soil in the study areas determine the occurrence of soil
arthropods in function of food availability. For the areas of millet, maize, eucalyptus,
anthropized Cerrado and pasture the Shanon diversity index obtained pure nugget effect. For
the areas of millet, maize, anthropized Cerrado and pasture, the total diversity index was
adjusted to the gaussian model. Only for the areas of soybean and pasture the staggered
semivariograms showed similarity in the spatial variability of indexes, indicating that they
behave similarly. The multifractality generated generalized dimension, D0, for all the indexes
in the millet area, with invariant values, D0 = 1.000 ± 0.000. The singularity spectra were
curves in concave parables with greater or smaller asymmetry for all areas sampled. In
general, the fauna of soil presented spatial variability and multifractal parameters. / ABSTRACT: Soil is the habitat for a number of living organisms that perform essential
functions to the ecosystem. The present work aimed to determine the edaphic diversity in
large groups under different uses and management of the soil in Cerrado Biome. The study
was developed in the city of Mata Roma (3º 70 '80.88' 'S and 43º 18' 71.27 '' W), in the eastern
region of the State of Maranhão, Brazil. Were installed 130 pitfall traps in five areas with
different management (Millet, Soybean, Maize, Eucalyptus, and Pasture) and two reference
areas with natural vegetation with different uses (anthropized Cerrado and preserved
Cerrado). The traps remained in the field for a period of seven days, after this, the contents
were maintained in plastic bottles and taken to the laboratory, where they were sampled and
identified in large groups (orders and family). After identification, the biodiversity indexes
were determined: (Shanon index, Pielou, Average and total richness and abundance). The data
were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariate techniques using group
dissimilarity. 20,995 arthropods were collected throughout the study. The highest abundance
was found for millet (9,974 individuals), and the lowest abundance values were reported for
soybean (222) and maize (824), respectively. The highest biodiversity index is reported for
the soybean area (2.69), although there is less abundance, in this area, the groups are evenly
distributed due to the homogeneous management in the study area. The main axis in the
analysis of the main components (PCA) explained 50.9% of the correlation of the groups with
the sampled areas. The dendrogram had demonstrated that the area of soybean and maize are
similar and had isolated the area of millet with the most dissimilar in relation to the others.
The use and management of the soil in the study areas determine the occurrence of soil
arthropods in function of food availability.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:tede2:tede/1955 |
| Date | 06 March 2017 |
| Creators | SILVA, Raimunda Alves |
| Contributors | SIQUEIRA, Glécio Machado, SHIGAKI, Francirose, ALMEIDA, Edmilson Igor Bernardo |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal do Maranhão, PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIA ANIMAL (25.06)/CCAA, UFMA, Brasil, COORDENACAO DO CURSO DE ZOOTECNIA/CCAA |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFMA, instname:Universidade Federal do Maranhão, instacron:UFMA |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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