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Heavy metals in the overlying water and bottom sediments of Shing Mun River and inner Tolo Harbour.

Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 113-120). / Abstract --- p.i / Acknowledgement --- p.iii / Table of Contents --- p.iv / List of Tables --- p.viii / List of Figures --- p.xii / Chapter CHAPTER 1. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Previous Heavy Metal Studies of Hong Kong Marine Waters and Sediments --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2 --- Speciation of Metals in Aquatic Environment --- p.6 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Speciation of Metals in Water --- p.7 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Speciation of Metals in Bottom Sediments --- p.7 / Chapter 1.3 --- AVS in Marine Sediments --- p.10 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Formation of AVS --- p.10 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Seasonal and Spatial Variation of AVS --- p.11 / Chapter 1.3.3 --- AVS as Mediator of Metal Toxicity --- p.13 / Chapter 1.3.4 --- Chemical Basis for AVS Sediment Normalization --- p.15 / Chapter 1.3.5 --- Analysis of Pore Water Metals --- p.17 / Chapter 1.4 --- Significance of the Research --- p.18 / Chapter 1.4.1 --- Importance of Metal Bioavailability Study in Hong Kong --- p.18 / Chapter 1.4.2 --- Importance of AVS Study in Hong Kong --- p.19 / Chapter 1.4.3 --- Approach of the Present Study --- p.21 / Chapter 1.5 --- Organization of the Thesis --- p.22 / Chapter CHAPTER 2. --- METHODOLOGY --- p.23 / Chapter 2.1 --- Study Area --- p.24 / Chapter 2.2 --- Sampling Strategy --- p.25 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Sampling Locations --- p.25 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Sampling Dates --- p.28 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Sample Collection and Handling --- p.28 / Chapter 2.3 --- Sample Analysis --- p.32 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Sediment Analysis --- p.32 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Pore Water and Overlying Water Analysis --- p.34 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- Limitations --- p.36 / Chapter 2.4 --- Statistical Analysis --- p.39 / Chapter CHAPTER 3. --- METALS IN WATER AND BOTTOM SEDIMENTS --- p.40 / Chapter 3.1 --- Metals in the Water --- p.40 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Variation of Metal Concentrations --- p.41 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Metal Pollution Level of the Overlying Water --- p.42 / Chapter 3.2 --- Metals in Bottom Sediments --- p.44 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Spatial Distribution Pattern of Heavy Metals --- p.44 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Temporal Variation of Metal Content in the Bottom Sediments --- p.48 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Metal Pollution Level of the Bottom Sediments --- p.49 / Chapter 3.3 --- Conclusion --- p.50 / Chapter CHAPTER 4. --- SPECIATION OF METALS IN THE OVERLYING WATER AND BOTTOM SEDIMENTS --- p.51 / Chapter 4.1 --- Speciation of Metals in the Overlying Water --- p.51 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- Concentration of Labile Metals in the Overlying Water --- p.52 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- Seasonal and Spatial Variation in the Concentration of Labile Metals in the Overlying Water --- p.54 / Chapter 4.1.3 --- Percentage of Labile Fraction in Total Metals --- p.55 / Chapter 4.2 --- Speciation of Metals in the Bottom Sediments --- p.59 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Proportion of Various Metal Species in the Sediments --- p.60 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Variation of the Overlying Water Properties --- p.63 / Chapter 4.2.2.1 --- Chemical Properties of the Water in the Study Area --- p.63 / Chapter 4.2.2.2 --- Seasonal Variation of Water Properties --- p.67 / Chapter 4.2.2.3 --- Stratification of the Water Column --- p.69 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Implication of the Changes of Water Quality on Metal Remobilization --- p.73 / Chapter CHAPTER 5. --- VARIATION OF AVS AND ITS ROLE IN METAL TOXICITY MEDIATION --- p.77 / Chapter 5.1 --- Variation of AVS in the Study Area --- p.78 / Chapter 5.1.1 --- Spatial Variation of AVS --- p.78 / Chapter 5.1.2 --- Seasonal Variation of AVS --- p.81 / Chapter 5.1.3 --- Vertical Variation of AVS --- p.85 / Chapter 5.1.4 --- Effects of AVS Variation on Metal Bioavailability --- p.88 / Chapter 5.2 --- Role of AVS in Metal Toxicity Mediation --- p.91 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- SEM/AVS Molar Ratio --- p.91 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Fraction of SEM in Total Metals of the Sediments --- p.94 / Chapter 5.2.3 --- Labile Metals in Pore Water --- p.96 / Chapter 5.2.4 --- Dissolved Sulfides in the Pore Water and Overlying Water --- p.99 / Chapter 5.3 --- Conclusion --- p.100 / Chapter CHAPTER 6. --- CONCLUSION --- p.102 / Chapter 6.1 --- Introduction --- p.102 / Chapter 6.2 --- Major Findings --- p.103 / Chapter 6.3 --- Practical Implication of the Findings --- p.108 / Chapter 6.4 --- Suggestion for Further Studies --- p.110 / Bibliography --- p.113 / Appendix A. AVS Extraction and Detection Method --- p.121 / Appendix B. Sequential Extraction Method for Metals Speciation Analysis --- p.123 / Appendix C. Instrument List for the Experiments --- p.125 / Appendix D. Monthly Total Rainfall and Mean Temperature of1995 --- p.127 / Appendix E. Analytical Results of the Overlying Water --- p.128 / Appendix F. Analytical Results of the Bottom Sediments --- p.132 / Appendix G. Analytical Results of the Pore Water --- p.136 / Appendix H. Concentration (μg/g) and Fraction (%) of Pbin Sediments --- p.140 / Appendix I. Concentration (μg/g) and Fraction (%) of Cuin Sediments --- p.142 / Appendix J. Concentration (μg/g) and Fraction (%) of Cdin Sediments --- p.144 / Appendix K. Concentration (μg/g) and Fraction (%) of Znin Sediments --- p.146 / Appendix L. Concentration (μg/g) and Fraction (%) of Niin Sediments --- p.148 / Appendix M. Fraction of Different Speciations of Metals in the Sediments --- p.150 / Appendix N. Vertical Profile of Dissolved Oxygen in the Overlying Water --- p.155 / Appendix O. Vertical Profile of Salinity in the Overlying Water --- p.159 / Appendix P. Vertical Profile of Temperature in the Overlying Water --- p.163 / Appendix Q. Vertical Profile of pH in the Overlying Water --- p.167

Identiferoai:union.ndltd.org:cuhk.edu.hk/oai:cuhk-dr:cuhk_321641
Date January 1996
ContributorsLam, Laam., Chinese University of Hong Kong Graduate School. Division of Geography.
PublisherChinese University of Hong Kong
Source SetsThe Chinese University of Hong Kong
LanguageEnglish
Detected LanguageEnglish
TypeText, bibliography
Formatprint, xiii, 167 leaves : ill., maps ; 30 cm.
CoverageChina, Hong Kong, China, Hong Kong, China, Hong Kong, China, Hong Kong, China, Hong Kong
RightsUse of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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