Climate change is one of man´s greatest challenges today and will have major consequences if no action is taken. Limited climate impact is one of Sweden’s environmental quality goals and means that Sweden’s net emissions of greenhouse gases must be zero in 2045, and then achieve negative emission. In 2018, the construction and real estate sector accounted for 20 % of Sweden´s total greenhouse gas emissions. In order to reach the government´s goal of net zero emissions by 2045 the construction sector aim to halve 2015 greenhouse gas emissions by 2030. To reduce a building´s climate impact, the already implemented measures of energy efficiencies need to be supplemented with the development of more climate friendly and ecologically sustainable materials. A new legal requirement on climate declarations for new buildings will be introduced in January 2022. The climate declaration demand that the climate impact of the building materials is calculated using life cycle analyses. The aim of the study was to halve the climate impact from the materials in a multi-family building by the year 2030 and see how close to net zero it is possible to reach. The consulting firm WSP assisted with material data for a 4-storey building with a load-bearing element of concrete. The climate footprint for the product phase was calculated for the foundation, load-bearing elements, building enclosure and interior walls. Simulations were performed in the BM calculation program to compare emission levels with the building´s current situation and find materials that reduce the climate impact the most. The study is based on two basic scenarios, one with concrete in the foundation and load-bearing elements, together with climate-improving measures of the materials. In the second scenario, CLT-wood is used in the load-bearing elements. The results show that climate-improved concrete and reinforcement will reduce the climate impact in 2030 by 52 % compared with 2015. A load-bearing element of CLT-wood with cellulose insulation and climate-improved foundation gives a reduction of 62 %. Both scenarios meet the goal of halving the climate footprint by 2030. The alternative that gives the lowest climate impact in 2045 is the scenario with CLT-wood including carbon storage, but it is not permitted to credit carbon storage in the climate declaration. Thus, the scenario for the year 2045 with concrete will be the best alternative with an emission of 145 tonnes CO2e, closely followed by the scenario with CLT-wood with 159 tonnes of CO2e. In order to achieve the 2045 goal, a larger overall picture and compensatory measures will be required. But also, that the smaller components, such as plaster and insulation, are developed to minimize the climate impact.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:UPSALLA1/oai:DiVA.org:uu-447793 |
| Date | January 2021 |
| Creators | Anderzon, Anneli, Wilhelmsson, Åsa |
| Publisher | Uppsala universitet, Byggteknik och byggd miljö |
| Source Sets | DiVA Archive at Upsalla University |
| Language | Swedish |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Student thesis, info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis, text |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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