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Previous issue date: 2015-02-04 / Atualmente o mercado exige derivados de petr?leo cada vez mais puros e, com isso, surge a
necessidade de novos m?todos para obten??o desses produtos que sejam mais eficientes e
economicamente vi?veis. Considerando a remo??o do enxofre do diesel, a maioria das
refinarias utiliza o processo de hidrogena??o catal?tica, a hidrodessulfuriza??o. Esses
processos s?o de elevado conte?do energ?tico e alto custo de produ??o, al?m de baixa
efici?ncia na remo??o do enxofre a baixas concentra??es (abaixo de 500 ppm). A adsor??o
apresenta-se como uma alternativa eficiente e economicamente vi?vel em rela??o ?s t?cnicas
atualmente utilizadas. Com isso, o objetivo principal deste trabalho ? desenvolver e otimizar a
obten??o de novos adsorventes a base de diatomita, modificados com microemuls?es de dois
tensoativos n?o i?nicos, agregando efici?ncia ao material, visando a sua aplica??o na remo??o
do enxofre presente no diesel comercial. Para a modifica??o da diatomita, variou-se: os
pontos de microemuls?o para cada tensoativo (RNX 95 e UNTL 90), a fase aquosa da
microemuls?o atrav?s da utiliza??o ou n?o de sais (CaCl2 e BaCl2) , o tempo de contato
durante a modifica??o e a forma de contato. Foram realizadas an?lises de microscopia
eletr?nica de varredura, difra??o de raios X, fluoresc?ncia de raios X, termogravimetria e
adsor??o de N2 (BET) para a caracteriza??o dos novos materiais obtidos. No estudo da
capacidade de adsor??o dos materiais obtidos, foi realizada uma modelagem estat?stica para
avaliar a influ?ncia da concentra??o do sal na fase aquosa (20 ppm a 1500 ppm), da
temperatura do banho finito (25 a 60?C) e da concentra??o de enxofre do diesel. Observou-se
que a temperatura e a concentra??o de enxofre (300 a 1100 ppm) foram os par?metros mais
significativos, no qual aumentando-se seus valores aumenta-se a capacidade da argila
modificada de adsorver o enxofre presente no diesel. A capacidade de adsor??o aumentou de
0,43 mg/g para 1,34 mg/g com a otimiza??o do ponto de microemuls?o e com a adi??o de
sais. / Currently the market requires increasingly pure oil derivatives and, with that, comes the need
for new methods for obtaining those products that are more efficient and economically viable.
Considering the removal of sulfur from diesel, most refineries uses catalytic hydrogenation
process, the hydrodesulfurization. These processes needs high energy content and high cost of
production and has low efficiency in removing sulfur at low concentrations (below 500 ppm).
The adsorption presents itself as an efficient and economically viable alternative in relation to
the techniques currently used. With that, the main purpose of this work is to develop and
optimize the obtaining of new adsorbents based on diatomite, modified with two non ionic
surfactants microemulsions, adding efficiency to the material, to its application on removal of
sulfur present in commercial diesel. Analyses were undertaken of scanning electron
microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), x-ray fluorescence (XRF), thermogravimetry
(TG) and N2 adsorption (BET) for characterization of new materials obtained. The variables
used for diatomite modification were: microemulsion points for each surfactant (RNX 95 and
UNTL 90), microemulsion aqueous phase through the use or non-use of salts (CaCl2 and
BaCl2), the contact time during the modification and the contact form. The study of
adsorption capacity of materials obtained was performed using a statistical modeling to
evaluate the influence of salt concentration in the aqueous phase (20 ppm to 1500 ppm), finite
bath temperature (25 to 60? C) and the concentration of sulphur in diesel. It was observed that
the temperature and the concentration of sulphur (300 to 1100 ppm) were the most significant
parameters, in which increasing their values increase the ability of modified clay to adsorb the
sulphur in diesel fuel. Adsorption capacity increased from 0.43 to mg/g 1.34 mg/g with
microemulsion point optimization and with the addition of salts.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/19837 |
| Date | 04 February 2015 |
| Creators | Oliveira, Katherine Carrilho de |
| Contributors | 07286937391, http://lattes.cnpq.br/0676872399141537, Moura, Maria Carlenise Paiva de Alencar, 21414130368, http://lattes.cnpq.br/3613318563806519, Leite, Ricardo Henrique de Lima, 52264343400, http://lattes.cnpq.br/3801476460958779, Dantas Neto, Afonso Avelino, Dantas, Tereza Neuma de Castro |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, P?S-GRADUA??O EM ENGENHARIA QU?MICA, UFRN, Brasil |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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