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Previous issue date: 2015-03-24 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / A caprinocultura e a ovinocultura mostram-se como atividades agropecu?rias
de grande import?ncia para o semi?rido nordestino. No entanto, a produ??o de
caprinos e ovinos se faz com v?rias dificuldades. Dentre elas as infec??es
parasit?rias, em especial as helmintoses do trato gastrintestinal, a eimeriose e
a toxoplasmose; esta relacionada com problemas na reprodu??o. Em virtude
disso, este trabalho teve como objetivo fazer o levantamento da ocorr?ncia e
de alguns determinantes das parasitoses que acometem os rebanhos de
pequenos ruminantes das microrregi?es Natal, Maca?ba, Litoral Sul, Angicos,
Vale do A?u e Borborema Potiguar. Para isso foram aplicados instrumentos
epidemiol?gicos com produtores, tratadores ou respons?veis pelos rebanhos e
tamb?m realizadas colheitas de amostras de sangue e fezes dos animais em
oito propriedades, localizadas em sete munic?pios dessas microrregi?es. A
carga parasit?ria dos animais foi determinada atrav?s da contagem de ovos e
oocistos por grama de fezes OPG e OoPG, respectivamente. Al?m disso, foi
feita a recupera??o de larvas infectantes. Com as amostras de sangue foram
feitas a mensura??o do volume globular e a pesquisa de IgG anti-Toxoplasma
gondiino soro sangu?neo dos ovinos, por meio do teste imunoenzim?tico
(ELISA). Para as vari?veis discretas, a an?lise estat?sticafoi feita por regress?o
de Poisson, com n?vel de signific?ncia menor que 0,05.A an?lise dos
instrumentos epidemiol?gicos permitiu observar que a ivermectina ? o antihelm?ntico
utilizado em 85,71% das propriedades. Do total de amostras de
fezes dos ovinos (n=179) 53,07% apresentaram positividade para ovos de
helminto e 48,04% mostraram-se positivas para oocistos de Eimeria. Das
amostras de fezes dos caprinos (n=133), 72,18% foram positivas para ovos de
helmintos e 96,99% para oocistos de Eimeria. A menor contagem de OPG e de
OoPG foi observada na microrregi?o Angicos. A maior contagem de OPG foi
encontrada na microrregi?o Litoral Sul e a de OoPG na microrregi?o
Borborema Potiguar.Para ambos os casos, a diferen?a foi estatisticamente
significante (p?0,000). O g?nero de helminto mais prevalente foi Haemonchus,
presente em 49,87% dos ovinos e em 80,42% dos caprinos. A m?dia do
hemat?crito variou de 22,91 a 33,25 nos ovinos e de 22,62 a 28,25 nos
caprinos. A preval?ncia de IgG anti-Toxoplasma gondii variou de 63,33% a
100,00%. Os caprinos mostraram-se mais suscept?veis ?s infec??es por
parasitos do trato gastrintestinal do que os ovinos. Em todas as propriedades
foi observada elevada preval?ncia de infec??o por T. gondii, sendo as menores
porcentagens registradas nas microrregi?es Angicos e Borborema Potiguar. / The goat and sheep industry shows up as an agricultural activity of great
importance for the semiarid Northeast. However, the sheep and goats
production is made with various difficulties. Among them, parasitic infections,
particularly helminth infections of the gastrointestinal tract, the eimeriosis and
toxoplasmosis; this one related to problems in reproduction. For this reason, the
aim of this study is to to make a survey of the occurrence and some
determinants of parasitic diseases that affect small ruminant flocks of the microregions
Natal, Maca?ba, Litoral Sul, Angicos, Vale do A?u and Borborema
Potiguar. Thereunto, epidemiological tools were applied with producers,
keepers or guardians of herds and also held collections of blood and feces of
animals in eight properties located in seven municipalities of these microregions.
The parasite load of the animals was determined through eggs and
oocysts counting per gram of feces EPG and OPG, respectively. In addition, the
recovery of infective larvae was made. Blood samples were used to measure
the globular cell volume and the search for anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgG in sheep
serum, by Enzyme Linked Immune Sorbent Assay (ELISA). For categorical
variables, the statistical analysis was performed using Poisson regression, with
significance level of 0.05. The analysis of the instruments showed that
ivermectin is the anthelmintic used in 85,71% of properties. From the total of
feces samples of the sheep (n = 179), 53,07% were positive for helminth eggs
and 48,04% were positive for oocysts of Eimeria. From the samples of faeces of
goats (n = 133), 72,18% were positive for helminth eggs and 96,99% for
oocysts of Eimeria. The lowest EPG and OPG count was observed in the micro
region of Angicos. Most of the EPG count was found in the micro region Litoral
Sul and the OPG count in the micro-region Borborema Potiguar. Both cases the
difference was statistically significant(p- value?0,000)The most prevalent
helminth genus found was Haemonchus, present in 49,87% of the sheep and
80,42% of goats. The average of hematocrit ranged from 22,91 to 33,25 in
sheep and from 22,62 to 28,25 in goats. The prevalence of anti-Toxoplasma
gondii IgG ranged from 63,33% to 100,00%. The goats showed to be more
susceptible to infections by parasites of the gastrointestinal tract than the
sheep. In all the properties was observed high prevalence of infection by T.
gondii, with the lowest percentages recorded in the micro regions Angicos and
Borborema Potiguar.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/20320 |
| Date | 24 March 2015 |
| Creators | Macedo, Mariany Patricia Wanderley de |
| Contributors | 59626305487, http://lattes.cnpq.br/4863082845974813, Simpl?cio, Aurino Alves, 05711673491, http://lattes.cnpq.br/0723715433283381, Medeiros, Lilian Giotto Zaros de, 24554066878, Souza, Maria de F?tima de, 32308698420, http://lattes.cnpq.br/7011426083461968, Andrade Neto, Valter Ferreira de |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM CI?NCIAS BIOL?GICAS, UFRN, Brasil |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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