Estudo retrospectivo de 80 casos de pneumonia por Pneumocystis jirovecii (PCP), diagnosticados no Laboratório de Micologia, Santa Casa-Complexo Hospitalar – Porto Alegre (RS), de agosto de 1984 à janeiro de 2006. Dos 80 pacientes, 23 (36,3%) já tinham diagnóstico de Aids; 40 (50%) tiveram diagnóstico de infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV) concomitantemente com o diagnóstico de PCP. O fator predisponente mais encontrado foi a linfopenia associada à síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida (Aids), com mediana da dosagem de CD4+ 36,5 células/mm3. Os achados clínicos mais frequentes foram tosse (81,3%), febre e dispnéia (76,3%). Na radiologia de tórax 92,5% apresentavam infiltrado pulmonar intersticial. Os diagnósticos foram feitos por fibrobroncoscopia com lavado broncoalveolar em 67,5%. Apenas 11,6% dos pacientes com Aids faziam uso de terapia antiretroviral; e apenas 6,3% de todos os pacientes do estudo faziam profilaxia para pneumocistose. O tratamento da PCP constituiu de sulfametoxazol-trimetoprim (SMX+TMP) em 92,3%. A maior incidência de PCP foi entre pacientes infectados pelo HIV (86,3%). Os pacientes apresentaram uma mortalidade de 34,3%, e 74,1% naqueles que necessitaram de ventilação mecânica. Complicações ocorreram em 40% dos casos, aumentando os dias de internação e de outras medicações com aumento de custo do tratamento. / The present study is based on a retrospective research of 80 cases with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP), diagnosed at the Mycology Laboratory - Santa Casa Complexo Hospitalar Porto Alegre (RS), from August 1984 to January 2006. Out of those 80 patients, 23 (36.3%) had diagnosis of AIDS, 40 (50%) were diagnosed with infection by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) concomitantly with PCP diagnosis. The most common predisposing factor was lymphopenia associated with AIDS, with a median dose of CD4 + 36.5 cells/mm3. The clinical manifestations most frequent were cough (81.3%), fever and dyspnea (76.3%). Chest x-ray findings had interstitial pulmonary infiltrates in 92.5%. The diagnoses were made by bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage in 67.5% samples. Only 11.6% of patients with AIDS received antiretroviral therapy, and only 6.3% of all patients received prophylaxis for PCP. The treatment for PCP was trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP + SMX) in 92.3% of patients. The highest incidence of PCP was among HIVinfected patients (86.3%). The mortality rate were 34.3% and 74.1% in those who required mechanical ventilation. Complications occurred in 40% of cases, increasing days of hospitalization and other medications, which increased the cost of treatment.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:www.lume.ufrgs.br:10183/21071 |
| Date | January 2009 |
| Creators | Machado, Cristiane Pimentel Hernandes |
| Contributors | Severo, Luiz Carlos |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, instacron:UFRGS |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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